{ "model": { "rank": 3208, "code": "thing-q9479", "model_id": "vr.tr.ipod", "name": "iPod", "purpose": "Enable an agent to identify an iPod, assess its playback and hardware state, and determine compatible, safe actions for loading, listening, charging, and maintenance.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Physical world and living systems", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "PHY", "domain": "PHY.OBJ", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q9479/", "tier": 2, "score": 89, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "Nike+iPod", "iPod Shuffle", "iPod nano", "iPod Mini", "iPod Classic", "iPod Photo", "iPod Mini 2G", "iPod Classic, fourth generation", "iPod Shuffle 4G", "iPod Shuffle 1G", "iPod Shuffle 2G", "iPod Shuffle 3G", "iPod Nano (6th generation)", "iPod Nano (3rd Generation)", "iPod Nano (7th generation)", "iPod Nano 4G", "iPod 2G", "iPod 3G", "iPod 1G", "iPod 5G" ], "aliasCount": 20, "merged": 20, "knownIn": 89, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q9479", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9479", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-07T14:09:06Z", "providers": [ "Codex" ], "breadth": "recalled by Codex without web access - no source was read", "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "seconds": 31.7, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.3\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a07c32-4cb6-7f20-9524-b6388357d3ed\n--------\nuser\nDescribe what is already known about one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: iPod\nSense to describe: (none recorded)\nDomain code: PHY.OBJ\nAlso known as: (none)\n\n\nContext for this batch of 546 things:\n# Batch 003: 1001 registered ", "usd": 0, "recall": true }, "codex": { "seconds": 80.4, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.3\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a07c32-4cc4-7171-9400-39fb255ba2ae\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: iPod\nRegistry id: vr.tr.ipod\nPlane / domain: PHY / PHY.OBJ\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this entry: (none)\n\n\nContext for th" } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q9479", "registryId": "vr.tr.ipod", "name": "iPod", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "PHY.OBJ" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q9479/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.ipod", "name": "iPod", "purpose": "Enable an agent to identify an iPod, assess its playback and hardware state, and determine compatible, safe actions for loading, listening, charging, and maintenance.", "definition": "The iPod is Apple's family of battery-powered portable digital media players that store and reproduce audio, with video playback, wireless networking and application support available on some models.", "scope_statement": "This model covers iPod as an Apple portable media-device kind, with family and generation distinctions that determine the capabilities and constraints of individual units.", "in_scope": [ "Family, generation, and hardware identification across iPod product variants", "Local media storage, transfer, organization, and playback capabilities", "Physical controls, displays, audio outputs, and supported accessories", "Battery, charging, storage, and connector condition", "Device software, synchronization dependencies, and recovery options" ], "out_of_scope": [ "Apple as a company and its broader product strategy", "iPhone and other portable media-player kinds", "Music recordings, podcasts, and other content as creative works", "Host computers, media-management applications, and online services as independent systems", "Headphones, docks, and cables as independently modeled accessories", "Product pricing, sales history, and collector valuation" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Identification evidence establishes an Apple iPod family and generation; an Apple logo or similar enclosure alone is insufficient.", "The device belongs to the iPod product kind rather than an iPhone, even where touchscreen interfaces and media functions overlap.", "Its media storage and playback functions distinguish the device from a passive headphone accessory or speaker dock.", "Control layout, display presence, connector type, and reported identifiers agree with the claimed variant; no single control style defines every iPod.", "A specific unit's measured condition is kept separate from the capabilities attributed to its family and generation." ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Family and generation", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "iPod/classic, mini, nano, shuffle, touch; generation and identification confidence", "why_it_matters": "Determines which operating, compatibility, and repair expectations apply." }, { "name": "Hardware identification evidence", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Observed model identifiers, enclosure markings, software reports, and corresponding identification references", "why_it_matters": "Supports identification when appearance, replaced parts, or seller descriptions are ambiguous." }, { "name": "Storage medium and modification status", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Hard disk, flash storage, replacement configuration, or unknown", "why_it_matters": "Changes failure diagnosis, capacity interpretation, and recovery options." }, { "name": "Usable and available storage", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "GB with decimal or binary basis recorded", "why_it_matters": "Determines whether a proposed media transfer will fit." }, { "name": "Control and display configuration", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Observed wheel, buttons, touchscreen, hold control, display, or display absence", "why_it_matters": "Determines how an agent or user can operate and inspect the unit." }, { "name": "Connector and accessory compatibility", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Identified charging, data, and audio interfaces linked to verified compatible cables, hosts, and accessories", "why_it_matters": "Physical fit alone does not establish charging, synchronization, or audio compatibility." }, { "name": "Software and host relationship", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Installed firmware or operating-system version; compatible host software; library and account associations where applicable", "why_it_matters": "Constrains transfer, restoration, application use, and access to existing content." }, { "name": "Media compatibility", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Verified container, codec, encoding limits, and authorization requirements for the identified variant", "why_it_matters": "Determines whether content can be loaded and played successfully." }, { "name": "Battery runtime", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Hours under a recorded playback, volume, display, and connectivity test", "why_it_matters": "Supports practical use decisions without equating current runtime with an original specification." }, { "name": "Operational and physical condition", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Playback, controls, display, outputs, storage, charging, enclosure, and battery symptoms assessed separately", "why_it_matters": "Distinguishes usable functions from faults and conditions requiring suspension of use." } ], "affordances": [ "Identify the family and generation using multiple independent observations.", "Select and verify a compatible charging, synchronization, or audio connection.", "Prepare and transfer supported media after checking capacity and synchronization effects.", "Operate and test playback using the controls available on the identified variant.", "Diagnose battery, storage, control, connector, and audio faults through non-destructive checks.", "Plan backup, restoration, repair, or retirement according to data ownership, condition, and available support." ] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "ipod-identity-and-variant", "name": "iPod identity and variant", "description": "Establishes which iPod variant is represented and which evidence supports that identification.", "rationale": "The iPod name spans substantially different hardware and interaction designs, so capabilities cannot be assigned from the name alone.", "layers": [ { "id": "family-and-generation", "name": "Family and generation", "description": "Resolves the product variant without treating each generation as a separate registered thing.", "findings": [ { "id": "variant-identification-evidence", "name": "Variant identification evidence", "description": "Record the identifiers and observable features needed to establish family and generation.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which model markings, software identifiers, control layout, and connector observations establish this iPod's family and generation?", "kind": "definition", "id": "variant-identification-evidence-q01" }, { "text": "Which authoritative identification reference was consulted, and do any observations conflict with it?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "variant-identification-evidence-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "kind-unit-and-modification", "name": "Kind, unit, and modification", "description": "Separates variant expectations from an individual unit's history and altered configuration.", "findings": [ { "id": "original-versus-observed-configuration", "name": "Original versus observed configuration", "description": "Record replacements and modifications that could invalidate assumptions based on the original product.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which properties describe the iPod variant, and which describe only this unit?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "original-versus-observed-configuration-q01" }, { "text": "Is there evidence of replaced storage, battery, enclosure, or firmware, and how does it affect identification confidence?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "original-versus-observed-configuration-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "media-storage-and-playback", "name": "Media storage and playback", "description": "Describes how the identified iPod stores, organizes, and reproduces media.", "rationale": "Available capacity alone does not establish whether a media collection can be transferred, indexed, authorized, and played.", "layers": [ { "id": "storage-and-library", "name": "Storage and library", "description": "Assesses the storage configuration and the usable media library.", "findings": [ { "id": "library-capacity-and-integrity", "name": "Library capacity and integrity", "description": "Record available storage and whether indexed content remains accessible.", "questions": [ { "text": "What storage medium, usable capacity, and free capacity are observed, including any replacement storage?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "library-capacity-and-integrity-q01" }, { "text": "Can the iPod browse and play its indexed tracks, and are missing items, read errors, or library inconsistencies observed?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "library-capacity-and-integrity-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "playback-capabilities", "name": "Playback capabilities", "description": "Distinguishes supported media types from content that is merely present on the device.", "findings": [ { "id": "playable-media-and-entitlements", "name": "Playable media and entitlements", "description": "Record variant-specific playback limits and any content authorization dependencies.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which audio, video, and other media formats and encoding limits are documented for this hardware and software combination?", "kind": "definition", "id": "playable-media-and-entitlements-q01" }, { "text": "Does representative content play successfully, and do any failures arise from encoding, corruption, or authorization requirements?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "playable-media-and-entitlements-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "controls-and-listening-paths", "name": "Controls and listening paths", "description": "Captures how playback is controlled and how sound reaches the listener.", "rationale": "Screenless, wheel-operated, and touchscreen iPods require different operation and diagnosis procedures.", "layers": [ { "id": "local-operation", "name": "Local operation", "description": "Maps the available controls and feedback to practical playback actions.", "findings": [ { "id": "navigation-and-control-state", "name": "Navigation and control state", "description": "Record working controls, feedback channels, and conditions that prevent input.", "questions": [ { "text": "How does this variant select content, start or pause playback, change volume, and report its current state?", "kind": "action", "id": "navigation-and-control-state-q01" }, { "text": "Are unresponsive controls explained by a hold or lock state, an accessory dependency, or an observed hardware fault?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "navigation-and-control-state-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "audio-and-accessories", "name": "Audio and accessories", "description": "Establishes supported listening routes and accessory behavior.", "findings": [ { "id": "verified-audio-route", "name": "Verified audio route", "description": "Record which outputs and connected accessories deliver controllable, intelligible audio.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which wired, dock, built-in, or wireless audio routes are supported by this specific variant?", "kind": "definition", "id": "verified-audio-route-q01" }, { "text": "With a known compatible accessory, do both audio channels, volume adjustment, and any supported remote controls work?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "verified-audio-route-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "host-transfer-and-recovery", "name": "Host transfer and recovery", "description": "Models the relationship between the iPod, its host software, and its existing content.", "rationale": "Synchronization and restoration can depend on legacy compatibility and can change or erase an existing library.", "layers": [ { "id": "connection-and-synchronization", "name": "Connection and synchronization", "description": "Determines whether a host can recognize the device and transfer content with understood consequences.", "findings": [ { "id": "compatible-transfer-workflow", "name": "Compatible transfer workflow", "description": "Record the verified host, cable, software, and library settings for a proposed transfer.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which host operating system, media-management software, and cable recognize this iPod and support the intended transfer?", "kind": "action", "id": "compatible-transfer-workflow-q01" }, { "text": "Will the selected synchronization mode preserve, replace, or remove existing content, and who has authorized those changes?", "kind": "action", "id": "compatible-transfer-workflow-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "software-state-and-restoration", "name": "Software state and restoration", "description": "Separates routine restart from procedures that replace software or erase data.", "findings": [ { "id": "recoverability-and-data-preservation", "name": "Recoverability and data preservation", "description": "Record software state and supported recovery paths before attempting restoration.", "questions": [ { "text": "What firmware or operating-system version is installed, and what normal, diagnostic, or recovery state is observable?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "recoverability-and-data-preservation-q01" }, { "text": "Which documented recovery procedure applies, what will it erase, and what content or settings can be preserved beforehand?", "kind": "action", "id": "recoverability-and-data-preservation-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "power-condition-and-service", "name": "Power, condition, and service", "description": "Assesses charging, runtime, physical deterioration, and feasible maintenance.", "rationale": "An iPod's suitability for continued use depends on its current battery and component condition as well as its original capabilities.", "layers": [ { "id": "battery-and-charging", "name": "Battery and charging", "description": "Establishes a compatible power path and observes battery performance and warning signs.", "findings": [ { "id": "charging-and-runtime-evidence", "name": "Charging and runtime evidence", "description": "Record charging requirements, actual charging behavior, and runtime under stated conditions.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which documented cable and power-source requirements apply to this generation, including any distinction between data and charging compatibility?", "kind": "definition", "id": "charging-and-runtime-evidence-q01" }, { "text": "What charging behavior and playback runtime are measured, and is there swelling, enclosure separation, unusual heat, or other evidence requiring use to stop?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "charging-and-runtime-evidence-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "faults-repair-and-retirement", "name": "Faults, repair, and retirement", "description": "Connects observed faults to variant-appropriate service and end-of-use decisions.", "findings": [ { "id": "service-decision-and-constraints", "name": "Service decision and constraints", "description": "Record diagnostic evidence, repair feasibility, and applicable handling requirements.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which non-destructive checks distinguish storage failure, battery deterioration, connector damage, and control or audio faults on this variant?", "kind": "action", "id": "service-decision-and-constraints-q01" }, { "text": "Which documented service procedures, replacement-part constraints, safety guidance, and market-specific conformity or disposal requirements govern the proposed action?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "service-decision-and-constraints-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes", "name": "Check these first", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "This describes the iPod product family, not a particular generation or physical unit.", "Controls, storage technology, connectors, media formats and wireless features vary substantially by model; verify these against the specific generation.", "Capacity and mass figures summarize the family approximately; regulatory applicability, battery runtime and regional volume behaviour require model-specific checking." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes-q01", "text": "Which of these check these first hold for the sense of iPod this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Original iPod and iPod classic", "iPod mini", "iPod nano", "iPod shuffle", "iPod touch" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of iPod this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-identifiers", "name": "Identifiers and schemes", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "scheme": "Apple model number", "value_or_pattern": "A followed by four digits", "note": "Identifies hardware models; generation, capacity and market may require additional information." }, { "scheme": "Apple serial number", "value_or_pattern": "Alphanumeric identifier", "note": "Identifies an individual device; format varies by production period." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-identifiers-q01", "text": "Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of iPod this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation", "name": "Standards and regulation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "USB specifications issued by the USB Implementers Forum apply to USB-equipped models; connectors and supported versions vary.", "FCC rules, including Part 15, govern applicable digital-device emissions and radio operation for models marketed in the United States." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation-q01", "text": "Which of these standards and regulation hold for the sense of iPod this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Portable listening to stored music, podcasts and audiobooks.", "Playback through compatible car stereos, docks and external speakers.", "Photo viewing and video playback on supporting models.", "Games, applications and internet access on iPod touch.", "Exercise listening using compact models such as shuffle and nano." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of iPod this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-measurements", "name": "Typical measurements", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "quantity": "Advertised storage capacity across the family", "typical_range": "512 MB to 256 GB", "unit": "MB and GB" }, { "quantity": "Device mass", "typical_range": "Approximately 10-200", "unit": "g" } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-measurements-q01", "text": "Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of iPod this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Rechargeable lithium-ion battery ageing reduces runtime; damaged or swollen batteries can present a fire hazard.", "Hard-drive models can suffer mechanical failure or damage from impacts.", "Flash-memory, filesystem or synchronization failures can make stored media inaccessible.", "Wear or contamination can impair headphone sockets, charging connectors, buttons and click wheels.", "Prolonged listening at excessive sound levels can damage hearing." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of iPod this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-regional-variation", "name": "Regional variation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Headphone output limits and volume-warning behaviour can differ by market and software version.", "Wireless approvals and regulatory markings vary by sales region.", "Store content and online-service availability vary by country." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-regional-variation-q01", "text": "Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of iPod this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "name": "Portable digital audio player", "difference": "The broader device category includes products from many manufacturers; iPod denotes Apple's particular product family." }, { "name": "iPhone", "difference": "An iPhone includes cellular telephone capability; iPod touch provides overlapping media and application functions without cellular telephony." }, { "name": "Portable CD player", "difference": "A portable CD player reads removable optical discs; an iPod plays media stored in internal electronic or magnetic storage." }, { "name": "Individual iPod unit", "difference": "A unit has a serial number and a particular condition and history; this entry describes the product family." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of iPod this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Which authoritative references establish the complete family and generation map, including identification ambiguities caused by replacement enclosures or modified hardware?", "What are the verified capacity, dimensions, media limits, charging requirements, and accessory capabilities for each covered variant?", "Which host-software, restoration, account, and content-authorization workflows remain usable for each variant at the time of assessment?", "Which generation-specific failure patterns and repair procedures are supported by reliable service evidence, particularly for battery and storage replacements?", "Which safety standards, issuing bodies, conformity marks, and disposal requirements apply by model and destination market?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 11, "findings": 19, "questions": 29 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "device, machine or tool", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a iPod, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Enable an agent to identify an iPod, assess its playback and hardware state, and determine compatible, safe actions for loading, listening, charging, and maintenance.", "characteristics": { "substance": "material", "origin": "manufactured", "agency": "inert", "mobility": "varies" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: Nike+iPod, iPod Shuffle, iPod nano, iPod Mini, iPod Classic, iPod Photo, iPod Mini 2G, iPod Classic, fourth generation, iPod Shuffle 4G, iPod Shuffle 1G, iPod Shuffle 2G, iPod Shuffle 3G.", "20 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 89 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a iPod, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "matter you can touch", "physicalCharacter": [ "Mobility varies between examples.", "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Recognised by form, by the arrangement of its controls, and by markings - a plate, a model number, a certification mark. Form alone rarely separates two models that do very different things." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "Nike+iPod", "iPod Shuffle", "iPod nano", "iPod Mini", "iPod Classic", "iPod Photo", "iPod Mini 2G", "iPod Classic, fourth generation", "iPod Shuffle 4G", "iPod Shuffle 1G", "iPod Shuffle 2G", "iPod Shuffle 3G" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 89 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 20 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one iPod from another, and a iPod from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a iPod, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a iPod, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a iPod is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a iPod, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a iPod, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a iPod is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a iPod sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a iPod, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a iPod, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a iPod is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a iPod from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a iPod, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a iPod, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a iPod is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "form-and-composition", "name": "Form, composition and condition", "description": "What a iPod is made of, what shape and size it takes, and what state it is in.", "rationale": "A physical thing can be measured, and a model that cannot record its measurements cannot support any decision that depends on them.", "layers": [ { "id": "form-and-dimensions", "name": "Form and dimensions", "description": "Shape, size, mass and the ranges these take across examples.", "findings": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions", "name": "Measurable dimensions and their units", "description": "The quantities worth recording and the units they are recorded in.", "questions": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the dimensions of a iPod, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the dimensions of a iPod, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the dimensions of a iPod is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "material-and-composition", "name": "Material and composition", "description": "Materials, parts and how they are put together.", "findings": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials", "name": "Parts and materials", "description": "What a iPod is built from and which parts are replaceable.", "questions": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the composition of a iPod, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the composition of a iPod, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the composition of a iPod is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-and-integrity", "name": "Condition and integrity", "description": "Wear, damage, health and the difference between working and broken.", "findings": [ { "id": "condition-assessment", "name": "Condition, damage and health", "description": "How the condition of a iPod is judged and by whom.", "questions": [ { "id": "condition-assessment-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the condition of a iPod, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the condition of a iPod, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the condition of a iPod is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "place-and-movement", "name": "Place and movement", "description": "Where a iPod is, how it got there and where it may go (varies).", "rationale": "A thing that can move needs its position recorded with a time, or every later claim about it is about a place it has left.", "layers": [ { "id": "location-and-placement", "name": "Location and placement", "description": "Position, containment and the reference frame the position is given in.", "findings": [ { "id": "position-and-frame", "name": "Position, container and reference frame", "description": "Where a iPod is, and what that position is measured against.", "questions": [ { "id": "position-and-frame-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the location of a iPod, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the location of a iPod, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the location of a iPod is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "movement-and-transfer", "name": "Movement and transfer", "description": "How a iPod is carried, installed or relocated.", "findings": [ { "id": "movement-events", "name": "Movement events and constraints", "description": "What counts as a movement, what records it and what limits it.", "questions": [ { "id": "movement-events-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the movement of a iPod, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the movement of a iPod, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the movement of a iPod is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a iPod passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a iPod between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a iPod, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a iPod, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a iPod is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a iPod, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a iPod is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a iPod, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a iPod, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a iPod is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "function-and-principle", "name": "Function and operating principle", "description": "What iPod is for and how it achieves it.", "rationale": "Two devices with the same name can work on different principles, and the principle is what predicts failure and constrains use.", "layers": [ { "id": "intended-function", "name": "Intended function", "description": "The job it does, and the jobs it is used for anyway.", "findings": [ { "id": "function-record", "name": "Function, principle and variants", "description": "What it does, how, and which variants do it differently.", "questions": [ { "id": "function-record-q01", "text": "What function does iPod perform, on what operating principle, and which variants differ in that principle?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "function-record-q02", "text": "What use falls outside the intended function but happens in practice?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "capacity-and-rating", "name": "Capacity and rating", "description": "The numbers that say what it can do and where it stops.", "findings": [ { "id": "ratings", "name": "Ratings and their conditions", "description": "Rated capacity, power, throughput and the conditions each assumes.", "questions": [ { "id": "ratings-q01", "text": "What ratings characterise iPod, in what units, and under what stated conditions?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "ratings-q02", "text": "What happens beyond the rating - degradation, refusal, damage - and how is that detected?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "operation-and-state", "name": "Operation, controls and state", "description": "How iPod is operated and what state it is in right now.", "rationale": "An agent acting on a device needs its current state and the controls that change it, not just its specification.", "layers": [ { "id": "controls-and-modes", "name": "Controls and modes", "description": "What can be set, what that changes, and what is interlocked.", "findings": [ { "id": "control-surface", "name": "Control surface and interlocks", "description": "The settings available and the conditions that block them.", "questions": [ { "id": "control-surface-q01", "text": "What controls and modes does iPod have, and what does each change?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "control-surface-q02", "text": "Which actions are interlocked or forbidden in which state, and what must be true before acting?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-and-maintenance", "name": "Condition and maintenance", "description": "Wear, service intervals, consumables and the line between working and broken.", "findings": [ { "id": "service-record", "name": "Condition, service and consumables", "description": "What is consumed, what is serviced, and how condition is judged.", "questions": [ { "id": "service-record-q01", "text": "What consumables and service does iPod need, at what interval, and on whose authority?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "service-record-q02", "text": "What evidence separates a unit that is working from one that is out of service?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "kind-model-unit", "name": "Kind, model and unit", "description": "Whether a claim about iPod is about the kind, a product line, or one physical unit.", "rationale": "This is the boundary most often got wrong for made things, and getting it wrong mixes a catalogue entry with the machine in the yard.", "layers": [ { "id": "level-of-reference", "name": "Level of reference", "description": "The three levels and what belongs at each.", "findings": [ { "id": "level-rules", "name": "What belongs to kind, model and unit", "description": "Which properties are shared by all of them and which are not.", "questions": [ { "id": "level-rules-q01", "text": "Which facts about iPod hold for every one of them, which for a model, and which only for one unit?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "level-rules-q02", "text": "What identifies an individual unit, and what should an agent do when it has only the kind?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "standards-and-conformity", "name": "Standards and conformity", "description": "The standards a working example must meet and who attests it.", "findings": [ { "id": "conformity", "name": "Standards, marks and attestation", "description": "Which standard applies, who certifies, and what the mark means.", "questions": [ { "id": "conformity-q01", "text": "Which standards govern iPod, issued by whom, and what does conformity actually assert?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "conformity-q02", "text": "What may an agent conclude from a certification mark, and what may it not?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a iPod came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a iPod and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a iPod, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a iPod, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a iPod is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a iPod is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a iPod, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a iPod, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a iPod is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 8, "layers": 17, "findings": 19, "questions": 51 } } } }