{ "model": { "rank": 1178, "code": "thing-q9598", "model_id": "vr.tr.taoism", "name": "Taoism", "purpose": "Let an agent describe Taoism accurately, distinguishing philosophical and religious dimensions, attributing teachings to texts and adherents, and helping people find sources, temples and practices respectfully.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Society, people and institutions", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "SOC", "domain": "SOC.ORG", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q9598/", "tier": 2, "score": 173, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "Daoist statue", "Taiping Taoism", "Taoism in Taiwan", "Taoism in Sichuan", "Way of the Five Pecks of Rice", "Way of the Celestial Masters", "Lingbao School", "Lushan School", "Yao Taoism", "Zhengyi Dao", "Taoism in Italy", "Taoism in Korea", "Maoshan School", "Taoism in Hong Kong", "Taoism in Japan", "Taoism in Malaysia", "Taoism in Singapore", "Taoism in Vietnam", "Wuliupai", "Quanzhen School", "Dragon Gate Taoism" ], "aliasCount": 21, "merged": 21, "knownIn": 173, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q9598", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9598", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-11T15:46:30Z", "providers": [ "Claude" ], "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify", "pass": 2, "wave": 1, "engine": "claude" }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q9598", "registryId": "vr.tr.taoism", "name": "Taoism", "version": "0.2.0-wave.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "SOC.ORG" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q9598/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.taoism", "name": "Taoism", "purpose": "Let an agent describe Taoism accurately, distinguishing philosophical and religious dimensions, attributing teachings to texts and adherents, and helping people find sources, temples and practices respectfully.", "definition": "A Chinese philosophical and religious tradition centred on living in harmony with the Dao, the natural way of the universe, drawing on texts such as the Daodejing and Zhuangzi and developing religious schools such as the Way of the Celestial Masters, with practices including ritual, meditation, internal alchemy and temple worship; it is practised in China, Taiwan and worldwide.", "what_it_is_for": "Understanding a major Chinese tradition.", "affordances": [ "explain key concepts and texts", "describe schools and practices as practitioners describe them", "find temples and communities", "describe history with attribution" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Centred on the Dao", "Philosophical and religious strands", "Diverse schools", "Living tradition" ], "appearance": "Not physical; texts, temples, rituals and practices.", "visual_identification": [ "Temples with deities and priests", "Texts such as the Daodejing", "Confucianism and Buddhism are distinct traditions that interacted with it" ], "physical_properties": [], "families_and_kinds": [ "philosophical Taoism", "Way of the Celestial Masters", "Quanzhen and other monastic schools", "Taoism in Taiwan and diaspora", "popular and folk practice" ], "related_models": [ { "relation": "is a kind of", "target": "religion", "why": "category" }, { "relation": "is a kind of", "target": "philosophy", "why": "category" }, { "relation": "is related to", "target": "Baptists", "why": "other religious tradition" }, { "relation": "is related to", "target": "Shinto", "why": "other East Asian tradition" } ], "identifiers": [], "standards_and_regulation": [ "National laws on religious practice", "Heritage protection for temples and texts" ], "failure_modes_and_hazards": [ "Reducing Taoism to quotations or self-help", "Confusing it with other Chinese traditions", "Ignoring living practitioners" ], "in_scope": [], "out_of_scope": [], "characteristics": [] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "concepts", "name": "Concepts", "description": "Core ideas.", "rationale": "Attribute to texts.", "layers": [ { "id": "dao", "name": "Dao", "description": "Key concepts.", "findings": [ { "id": "dao-finding", "name": "Dao", "description": "Key concepts.", "questions": [ { "text": "What do concepts like Dao, de, wu wei and ziran mean, according to the texts and scholars?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which translations are reliable?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "texts", "name": "Texts", "description": "Scriptures.", "findings": [ { "id": "texts-finding", "name": "Texts", "description": "Texts.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which texts are central, and how are they used in different schools?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "How is the Daoist canon organised?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "practice", "name": "Practice", "description": "Religious life.", "rationale": "Practitioners speak.", "layers": [ { "id": "schools", "name": "Schools", "description": "Schools and lineages.", "findings": [ { "id": "schools-finding", "name": "Schools", "description": "Schools.", "questions": [ { "text": "How do the Celestial Masters, Quanzhen and other schools differ, according to their own accounts?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which are active today?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "rituals", "name": "Rituals", "description": "Ritual and cultivation.", "findings": [ { "id": "rituals-finding", "name": "Rituals", "description": "Rituals.", "questions": [ { "text": "What practices such as ritual, meditation and internal alchemy involve, as practitioners describe them?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Is health-related practice kept separate from medical advice?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "find", "name": "Find", "description": "Temples and communities.", "rationale": "Living tradition.", "layers": [ { "id": "temples", "name": "Temples", "description": "Visiting temples.", "findings": [ { "id": "temples-finding", "name": "Temples", "description": "Temples.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which Taoist temples exist here, and what etiquette applies to visitors?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "When are festivals held?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "learn", "name": "Learn", "description": "Studying Taoism.", "findings": [ { "id": "learn-finding", "name": "Learn", "description": "Learning.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which introductions and scholarly works are recommended?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which communities welcome learners?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "history", "name": "History", "description": "Development.", "rationale": "Sources matter.", "layers": [ { "id": "origins", "name": "Origins", "description": "Origins and growth.", "findings": [ { "id": "origins-finding", "name": "Origins", "description": "Origins.", "questions": [ { "text": "How did Taoism develop from early texts to organised religion, according to historians?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "How did it interact with Buddhism and Confucianism?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "neutral", "name": "Neutral", "description": "Respectful description.", "findings": [ { "id": "neutral-finding", "name": "Neutral", "description": "Respect.", "questions": [ { "text": "Is Taoism described as a living tradition with attribution?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "text": "Are political contexts handled neutrally?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Should each school be a separate entry?", "How should translations be linked?", "How should temple directories be linked?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 4, "layers": 8, "findings": 8, "questions": 16 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "organisation or institution", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a Taoism, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Let an agent describe Taoism accurately, distinguishing philosophical and religious dimensions, attributing teachings to texts and adherents, and helping people find sources, temples and practices respectfully.", "characteristics": { "substance": "social", "origin": "conceptual", "agency": "collective" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: Daoist statue, Taiping Taoism, Taoism in Taiwan, Taoism in Sichuan, Way of the Five Pecks of Rice, Way of the Celestial Masters, Lingbao School, Lushan School, Yao Taoism, Zhengyi Dao, Taoism in Italy, Taoism in Korea.", "21 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 173 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a Taoism, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "a social arrangement between people", "physicalCharacter": [ "Acts through people, and only through them.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Nothing to see. Recognised by name, register entry and the people acting in its name, and those change while it stays the same body." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "Daoist statue", "Taiping Taoism", "Taoism in Taiwan", "Taoism in Sichuan", "Way of the Five Pecks of Rice", "Way of the Celestial Masters", "Lingbao School", "Lushan School", "Yao Taoism", "Zhengyi Dao", "Taoism in Italy", "Taoism in Korea" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 173 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 21 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one Taoism from another, and a Taoism from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a Taoism, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a Taoism, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a Taoism is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a Taoism, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a Taoism, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a Taoism is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a Taoism sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a Taoism, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a Taoism, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a Taoism is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a Taoism from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a Taoism, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a Taoism, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a Taoism is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a Taoism passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a Taoism between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a Taoism, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a Taoism, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a Taoism is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a Taoism, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a Taoism is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a Taoism, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a Taoism, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a Taoism is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "people-and-responsibility", "name": "People, roles and responsibility", "description": "Who stands in what relation to a Taoism.", "rationale": "Social things are defined by the relations people hold to them, and those relations change without the thing changing.", "layers": [ { "id": "roles-and-parties", "name": "Roles and parties", "description": "The roles that exist around a Taoism and who fills them.", "findings": [ { "id": "role-assignments", "name": "Role assignments and their validity", "description": "Who holds which role over a Taoism, from when, and on whose authority.", "questions": [ { "id": "role-assignments-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a role over a Taoism, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "role-assignments-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a role over a Taoism, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "role-assignments-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a role over a Taoism is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "ownership-and-accountability", "name": "Ownership and accountability", "description": "Who answers for a Taoism and who may decide about it.", "findings": [ { "id": "accountability", "name": "Accountability and decision rights", "description": "Where responsibility for a Taoism sits when something goes wrong.", "questions": [ { "id": "accountability-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes responsibility for a Taoism, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "accountability-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about responsibility for a Taoism, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "accountability-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once responsibility for a Taoism is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "legal-identity", "name": "Legal identity and mandate", "description": "What Taoism is in law and what it exists to do.", "rationale": "Legal identity survives changes of name, address, staff and premises, which is exactly why it must be recorded separately from all of them.", "layers": [ { "id": "registration", "name": "Legal form and registration", "description": "Form, register, identifiers and jurisdiction.", "findings": [ { "id": "registration-record", "name": "Registration and identifiers", "description": "What names this body unambiguously in law.", "questions": [ { "id": "registration-record-q01", "text": "What legal form does Taoism take, in which register, under which identifier?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "registration-record-q02", "text": "What survives a rename, a merger or a move of premises, and what does not?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "mandate", "name": "Mandate and governing instrument", "description": "The purpose it is bound to and the document that binds it.", "findings": [ { "id": "mandate-record", "name": "Mandate and its source", "description": "What it may do, and the instrument that says so.", "questions": [ { "id": "mandate-record-q01", "text": "What is the mandate of Taoism, and which founding or governing instrument grants it?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "mandate-record-q02", "text": "What lies outside the mandate, and what should an agent do when asked for it?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "governance-and-membership", "name": "Governance, membership and decision rights", "description": "Who decides in Taoism and who belongs to it.", "rationale": "Authority inside an organisation is held by roles, not people, and an agent needs to know which role can commit it.", "layers": [ { "id": "decision-rights", "name": "Decision rights", "description": "Bodies, offices and what each may bind.", "findings": [ { "id": "authority-map", "name": "Who may bind the organisation", "description": "The offices that can commit it and their limits.", "questions": [ { "id": "authority-map-q01", "text": "Which bodies or offices of Taoism may take which decisions, and up to what limit?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "authority-map-q02", "text": "What evidence shows that a given person currently holds that office?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "membership", "name": "Membership and affiliation", "description": "Who counts as part of it and on what terms.", "findings": [ { "id": "membership-rules", "name": "Membership and its evidence", "description": "Classes of member, how membership starts and ends.", "questions": [ { "id": "membership-rules-q01", "text": "What kinds of membership or affiliation does Taoism have, and how does each begin and end?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "membership-rules-q02", "text": "What may a member do in its name, and what may they not?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a Taoism came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a Taoism and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a Taoism, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a Taoism, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a Taoism is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a Taoism is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a Taoism, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a Taoism, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a Taoism is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 12, "findings": 14, "questions": 38 } } } }