{ "model": { "rank": 1090, "code": "thing-q9635", "model_id": "vr.tr.mouth", "name": "mouth", "purpose": "Enable an agent to recognise an animal mouth, record its anatomical and functional state, and judge which observations or interactions are appropriate for the organism concerned.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Physical world and living systems", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "PHY", "domain": "PHY.OBJ", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q9635/", "tier": 2, "score": 184, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "human mouth", "cat mouth", "Cephalopod beak" ], "aliasCount": 3, "merged": 3, "knownIn": 184, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": "vr.tr.mouth-person", "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q9635", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9635", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-07T09:53:35Z", "providers": [ "Codex", "Grok" ], "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "usd": 0.01278842, "turns": 1, "seconds": 150.1, "error": null }, "codex": { "seconds": 74.2, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.3\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a07b47-1812-7a72-b297-775c7b0041ef\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: mouth\nRegistry id: vr.tr.mouth\nPlane / domain: PHY / PHY.LIV\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this entry: (none)\n\n\nContext for " } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q9635", "registryId": "vr.tr.mouth", "name": "mouth", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "PHY.LIV" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q9635/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.mouth", "name": "mouth", "purpose": "Enable an agent to recognise an animal mouth, record its anatomical and functional state, and judge which observations or interactions are appropriate for the organism concerned.", "definition": "The mouth is the cranial orifice of the alimentary canal together with the cavity immediately inside it, through which food is ingested and typically seized, tasted and mechanically processed, and which in vertebrates communicates posteriorly with the pharynx.", "scope_statement": "This model owns the mouth as an anatomical opening and associated oral region of an individual animal, with taxon-specific boundaries; human oral anatomy is a specialisation, not the universal template.", "in_scope": [ "The oral opening, associated cavity where present, and boundaries with adjacent structures", "Arrangement and relationships of oral tissues and structures", "Mouth participation in food intake and initial processing", "Oral sensation and participation in communication or other taxon-specific functions", "Observed oral condition, functional limitations, and constraints on examination" ], "out_of_scope": [ "The organism's complete anatomy, taxonomy, or life history", "Standalone models of teeth, tongue, jaws, and salivary glands", "Downstream digestion and the complete respiratory system", "Disease-specific diagnosis and treatment protocols", "Language, speech content, and communicative intent", "Figurative mouths such as river mouths or container openings" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Identify an anatomical opening associated with food entry into an animal; do not classify an opening as a mouth solely because it admits air.", "Distinguish the oral aperture from the associated oral cavity, recording which meaning an observation uses.", "Treat lips, jaws, teeth, and tongue as associated structures where present, rather than requiring all of them for mouth identity.", "Locate the mouth relative to adjoining digestive passages using the organism's anatomy rather than assuming human boundaries.", "Distinguish a mouth belonging to an individual from a diagram, prosthesis, or taxon-level description of mouth anatomy." ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Organism and anatomical reference", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Individual organism, taxon, life stage, and applicable anatomical terminology", "why_it_matters": "Determines which structures and functions can reasonably be expected." }, { "name": "Referent extent", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Oral aperture; oral cavity; combined oral region; unresolved", "why_it_matters": "Prevents observations about an opening from being mistaken for observations about the whole oral region." }, { "name": "Oral structure complement", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Present and absent structures, with their positions and connections", "why_it_matters": "Supports recognition without imposing teeth, lips, or jaws on every animal." }, { "name": "Opening extent", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Millimetres between named landmarks or degrees between named structures, with posture and method", "why_it_matters": "Makes opening capacity interpretable and comparable within an appropriate anatomical context." }, { "name": "Closure and movement", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Observed closure, movement range, symmetry, and limitations; not assessed", "why_it_matters": "Records whether the mouth can perform movements relevant to its usual functions." }, { "name": "Intake performance", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Observed acquisition, retention, processing, and transfer of food; difficulty; not assessed", "why_it_matters": "Separates mouth appearance from demonstrated function." }, { "name": "Surface condition", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Location-specific observations of surface integrity, moisture, colour, swelling, bleeding, or material present", "why_it_matters": "Allows changes to be tracked without treating an observation as a diagnosis." }, { "name": "Sensory evidence", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Reported sensation; observed response; measured response; unknown", "why_it_matters": "Distinguishes subjective reports from behavioural or instrument-based evidence." }, { "name": "Functional connections", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Connections to digestive, respiratory, sensory, or sound-producing structures, where applicable", "why_it_matters": "Clarifies which wider functions involve this mouth and which require neighbouring models." } ], "affordances": [ "Identify and label the oral opening and visible associated structures using taxon-appropriate terminology.", "Record mouth opening and movement with explicit landmarks, posture, and observation conditions.", "Describe visible oral changes and compare observations of the same location over time.", "Assess evidence for food acquisition, retention, processing, and transfer without inferring unobserved performance.", "Relate oral structures to observed sensory or communicative functions where applicable.", "Determine whether further oral examination requires consent, trained handling, or specialist assessment." ] }, "sources": [ { "id": "ta2", "title": "Terminologia Anatomica, 2nd edition - Federative International Programme for Anatomical Terminology (FIPAT), International Federation of Associations of Anatomists", "url": "https://fipat.library.dal.ca/ta2/", "what_it_supports": "Official anatomical name cavitas oris, subdivision into vestibule and oral cavity proper, and the oropharyngeal isthmus as the posterior boundary.", "url_status": "unverified" }, { "id": "grays", "title": "Gray's Anatomy: The Anatomical Basis of Clinical Practice, 42nd edition, ed. Susan Standring - Elsevier", "url": "", "what_it_supports": "Human oral cavity boundaries, contents (teeth, tongue, salivary duct openings), innervation, vascular supply, and relations to the pharynx." }, { "id": "mesh-mouth", "title": "Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) descriptor Mouth (D009055) - U.S. National Library of Medicine", "url": "https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D009055", "what_it_supports": "Controlled biomedical definition of the mouth as an anatomical region and the scope of related oral-disease indexing.", "url_status": "live" }, { "id": "uberon", "title": "Uberon, an integrative multi-species anatomy ontology (Mungall et al.) - Genome Biology", "url": "", "what_it_supports": "Multi-species class mouth (UBERON:0000165) and its distinction from oral cavity, pharynx and mouthparts across metazoa." }, { "id": "icd11", "title": "International Classification of Diseases, 11th Revision - World Health Organization", "url": "https://icd.who.int/", "what_it_supports": "Diseases of the oral cavity as a regulated clinical chapter and the oral cavity as a topography in cancer classification.", "url_status": "live" }, { "id": "ajcc-tnm", "title": "AJCC Cancer Staging Manual, 8th edition - American Joint Committee on Cancer / Union for International Cancer Control", "url": "", "what_it_supports": "Operational boundary between oral cavity and oropharynx used in cancer staging, and the clinical meaning of 'oral cavity' as a site." } ], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "oral-identity-and-boundaries", "name": "Oral identity and boundaries", "description": "Establishes what anatomical region the word mouth denotes for this organism.", "rationale": "Mouth can name an aperture or a larger oral region, and its anatomy varies across animals.", "layers": [ { "id": "organism-and-reference", "name": "Organism and reference", "description": "Anchors mouth identity to an individual and an anatomical reference.", "findings": [ { "id": "anatomical-context", "name": "Anatomical context", "description": "Record the organism, life stage, and reference supporting identification of its mouth.", "questions": [ { "text": "To which organism and life stage does this mouth belong?", "kind": "definition", "id": "anatomical-context-q01" }, { "text": "Which anatomical reference supports identifying this structure as the mouth?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "anatomical-context-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "aperture-and-cavity", "name": "Aperture and cavity", "description": "Separates the external opening from any associated internal oral space.", "findings": [ { "id": "oral-region-limits", "name": "Oral region limits", "description": "Declare the included region and its transitions into neighbouring structures.", "questions": [ { "text": "Does this record describe the oral opening, an oral cavity, or both?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "oral-region-limits-q01" }, { "text": "Which landmarks mark its external margins and transition into the next digestive region?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "oral-region-limits-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "oral-structures-and-motion", "name": "Oral structures and motion", "description": "Describes the structures forming the mouth and how they open, close, and move.", "rationale": "Structural arrangement and movement constrain what this mouth can admit, retain, or manipulate.", "layers": [ { "id": "structural-arrangement", "name": "Structural arrangement", "description": "Maps oral margins, surfaces, and associated structures without assuming a human pattern.", "findings": [ { "id": "present-oral-components", "name": "Present oral components", "description": "Record structures actually present and distinguish anatomical absence from incomplete observation.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which structures form the oral margins and occupy or line the oral region?", "kind": "definition", "id": "present-oral-components-q01" }, { "text": "Which apparently missing structures are confirmed absent, and which were simply not visible?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "present-oral-components-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "opening-and-closure", "name": "Opening and closure", "description": "Captures the geometry and coordination of oral movement.", "findings": [ { "id": "observed-mouth-mobility", "name": "Observed mouth mobility", "description": "Describe opening and closure using explicit landmarks and observation conditions.", "questions": [ { "text": "What opening extent was observed, between which landmarks and in what posture?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "observed-mouth-mobility-q01" }, { "text": "Can the mouth close and perform its usual movements, and what limitations were observed?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "observed-mouth-mobility-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "food-entry-and-oral-processing", "name": "Food entry and oral processing", "description": "Tracks the mouth's contribution to acquiring food and passing it onward.", "rationale": "Food entry is central to mouth identity, while acquisition and processing mechanisms differ substantially between animals.", "layers": [ { "id": "acquisition-and-retention", "name": "Acquisition and retention", "description": "Describes how food or fluid enters and remains within the oral region.", "findings": [ { "id": "intake-mechanism", "name": "Intake mechanism", "description": "Record supported intake mechanisms and demonstrated success under stated conditions.", "questions": [ { "text": "By what observed or documented mechanism does food or fluid enter this mouth?", "kind": "definition", "id": "intake-mechanism-q01" }, { "text": "Under what food, fluid, and posture conditions was successful intake or loss of material observed?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "intake-mechanism-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "processing-and-transfer", "name": "Processing and transfer", "description": "Separates oral manipulation from downstream digestive events.", "findings": [ { "id": "oral-handling-sequence", "name": "Oral handling sequence", "description": "Describe processing that occurs within the mouth and evidence for onward transfer.", "questions": [ { "text": "What manipulation or processing occurs within this oral region, if any?", "kind": "definition", "id": "oral-handling-sequence-q01" }, { "text": "Where does material leave the mouth's defined boundary, and what evidence shows successful transfer?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "oral-handling-sequence-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "sensation-and-other-oral-functions", "name": "Sensation and other oral functions", "description": "Records sensory roles and functions beyond feeding when supported for the organism.", "rationale": "Mouths can participate in sensing, airflow, and signalling, but these roles cannot be assigned universally.", "layers": [ { "id": "oral-sensation", "name": "Oral sensation", "description": "Locates sensory functions and preserves the distinction between reports and responses.", "findings": [ { "id": "sensory-capacity-evidence", "name": "Sensory capacity evidence", "description": "Record evidence for oral sensation without interpreting every response as a particular subjective experience.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which sensory functions are documented for structures in this mouth?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "sensory-capacity-evidence-q01" }, { "text": "Is the recorded sensation based on an individual's report, an observed response, or a measurement?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "sensory-capacity-evidence-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "airflow-and-signalling", "name": "Airflow and signalling", "description": "Identifies oral participation in breathing, sound modification, or visible signalling where applicable.", "findings": [ { "id": "nonfeeding-functional-role", "name": "Nonfeeding functional role", "description": "Distinguish the mouth's contribution from functions owned by connected organs or behavioural models.", "questions": [ { "text": "What evidence supports this mouth's participation in airflow, sound modification, or display?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "nonfeeding-functional-role-q01" }, { "text": "Which part of that function occurs in the mouth, and which depends on structures or behaviours outside it?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "nonfeeding-functional-role-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "oral-condition-and-examination", "name": "Oral condition and examination", "description": "Organises local condition observations and the constraints on obtaining further evidence.", "rationale": "Oral visibility is often incomplete, and examination can involve sensitive tissue, discomfort, or defensive behaviour.", "layers": [ { "id": "local-condition", "name": "Local condition", "description": "Records visible changes and reported discomfort at identifiable oral locations.", "findings": [ { "id": "located-condition-observations", "name": "Located condition observations", "description": "Describe oral findings by location, time, and observation method without assigning an unsupported cause.", "questions": [ { "text": "Where are changes in surface integrity, moisture, colour, swelling, bleeding, or retained material observed?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "located-condition-observations-q01" }, { "text": "What earlier observation supports calling this a change, and how comparable were the viewing conditions?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "located-condition-observations-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "examination-constraints", "name": "Examination constraints", "description": "Defines what can be inspected and what requires additional expertise or cooperation.", "findings": [ { "id": "appropriate-next-observation", "name": "Appropriate next observation", "description": "Choose further observation according to oral accessibility, cooperation, and the examiner's competence.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which oral regions remain unobserved because of access, lighting, movement, or limited cooperation?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "appropriate-next-observation-q01" }, { "text": "What consent, trained handling, or professional expertise is required before a closer or instrumented examination?", "kind": "action", "id": "appropriate-next-observation-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "oral vestibule (space between the lips or cheeks and the dental arches)", "oral cavity proper (cavity bounded by the dental arches, palate and floor of the mouth)", "stomodeum (embryonic ectodermal depression that becomes the mouth)", "buccal cavity (comparative-anatomy term, especially in fishes and many invertebrates)", "cytostome (specialised ingestive opening of some unicellular eukaryotes)", "arthropod mouth with gnathal mouthparts", "avian rictal opening bounded by a keratinous beak", "clinical oral cavity as an oncology topography (ICD-O C00-C06)" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of mouth this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-identifiers", "name": "Identifiers and schemes", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "scheme": "Wikidata", "value_or_pattern": "Q9635", "note": "Item for the anatomical mouth; oral cavity is a related but narrower item." }, { "scheme": "UBERON", "value_or_pattern": "UBERON:0000165", "note": "Multi-species anatomy class 'mouth'; oral cavity is a distinct UBERON class." }, { "scheme": "Foundational Model of Anatomy (FMA)", "value_or_pattern": "FMA:49184", "note": "FMA class Mouth; FMA also records Oral cavity separately (FMA:20292)." }, { "scheme": "Terminologia Anatomica (TA98/TA2)", "value_or_pattern": "A05.1.00.001", "note": "cavitas oris; vestibulum oris and cavitas oris propria are child terms." }, { "scheme": "MeSH", "value_or_pattern": "D009055", "note": "Descriptor Mouth, under Digestive System / Stomatognathic System." }, { "scheme": "ICD-O-3 topography", "value_or_pattern": "C00-C06", "note": "Oral cavity sites used in oncology (lip through mouth, NOS); not a name for the organ as such." }, { "scheme": "SNOMED CT", "value_or_pattern": "123851003", "note": "Mouth structure (body structure); confirm against the current SNOMED International release before use as a production code." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-identifiers-q01", "text": "Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of mouth this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation", "name": "Standards and regulation", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Terminologia Anatomica 2 - FIPAT / International Federation of Associations of Anatomists (authoritative anatomical nomenclature).", "ICD-11, chapter on diseases of the digestive system / oral cavity - World Health Organization (clinical coding of oral disease).", "AJCC/UICC TNM staging for oral cavity carcinoma - American Joint Committee on Cancer and Union for International Cancer Control (site boundaries and stage groups).", "ISO 1942, Dentistry - Vocabulary - International Organization for Standardization, technical committee ISO/TC 106 (dental terms that presuppose the mouth as the working field).", "FDI World Dental Federation two-digit tooth numbering (ISO 3950) - FDI / ISO (identifies teeth within the mouth, not the mouth itself).", "FDA and EMA product-information conventions for the oral route of administration - U.S. Food and Drug Administration and European Medicines Agency (regulatory use of 'oral' as a route, not an anatomy standard)." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation-q01", "text": "Which of these standards and regulation hold for the sense of mouth this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Ingestion, mastication, taste and swallowing of food and drink in daily feeding.", "Human speech: the mouth is the principal resonating and articulatory cavity for most spoken languages.", "Alternative airway in mouth breathing, resuscitation (mouth-to-mouth) and bag-mask or intubation access.", "Clinical oral examination, dentistry, orthodontics and maxillofacial surgery as the working field.", "Oral administration of medicines, vaccines and contrast media.", "Oncology: primary-site assignment and surgical resection of oral cavity cancers.", "Forensic odontology: identification from dentition and bite-mark comparison.", "Comparative biology and palaeontology: feeding-mode inference from jaws, teeth, beaks and mouthparts." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of mouth this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-measurements", "name": "Typical measurements", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "quantity": "maximum unassisted interincisal opening (adult human)", "typical_range": "40-60", "unit": "mm" }, { "quantity": "unstimulated whole-saliva flow rate (healthy adult)", "typical_range": "0.3-0.4", "unit": "mL/min" }, { "quantity": "stimulated whole-saliva flow rate (healthy adult)", "typical_range": "1.0-2.0", "unit": "mL/min" }, { "quantity": "saliva pH (resting whole saliva)", "typical_range": "6.2-7.6", "unit": "pH" }, { "quantity": "sublingual oral temperature (healthy adult at rest)", "typical_range": "36.4-37.2", "unit": "°C" }, { "quantity": "permanent tooth count (complete adult human dentition)", "typical_range": "32", "unit": "teeth" }, { "quantity": "maximum voluntary molar bite force (adult human)", "typical_range": "300-700", "unit": "N" } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-measurements-q01", "text": "Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of mouth this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Upper-airway obstruction by the tongue, oedema, foreign body or haematoma in or around the mouth.", "Aspiration of oral contents into the lower airway, especially with depressed consciousness.", "Oral squamous-cell carcinoma and other mucosal malignancies.", "Dental caries, periodontitis and odontogenic abscess, including deep-neck infection (e.g. Ludwig angina).", "Cleft lip and/or palate from failed fusion of embryonic facial processes.", "Xerostomia with secondary caries, candidiasis and impaired swallowing.", "Trismus or temporomandibular limitation of mouth opening, blocking examination, feeding or intubation.", "Thermal, chemical or radiation injury to oral mucosa.", "Human and animal bite wounds as a source of polymicrobial infection." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of mouth this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-regional-variation", "name": "Regional variation", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Common English uses one word, 'mouth', for the orifice, the cavity, speech ('by word of mouth') and, separately, a river mouth; anatomical English prefers 'oral cavity' once inside the lips.", "Romance and Germanic languages often split the body-part word (French bouche, German Mund) from the geographic homonym (embouchure, Mündung).", "Clinical oncology in North America and Europe treats 'oral cavity' and 'oropharynx' as different primary sites; older records and some public usage collapse both as 'mouth cancer'.", "Dental-arch numbering (FDI vs Universal/Palmer) changes how structures inside the mouth are labelled in charts, not the name of the mouth itself.", "Presence of fleshy lips, cheeks, a secondary palate and heterodont teeth is a mammalian pattern; birds, fishes and arthropods realise the same digestive opening with beaks, unenclosed buccal cavities or jointed mouthparts, so 'mouth' does not imply a human-like oral cavity.", "Cultural practices that load the mouth as a diagnostic or social site (e.g. traditional pulse-and-orifice inspection, betel chewing, ritual tooth modification) change what is noticed in the same anatomy." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-regional-variation-q01", "text": "Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of mouth this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "name": "pharynx", "difference": "The pharynx begins posterior to the oropharyngeal isthmus (palatoglossal arches); it has no teeth or gingiva and continues to the oesophagus and larynx." }, { "name": "oropharynx", "difference": "In cancer staging the oropharynx (base of tongue, tonsils, posterior wall) is C01/C09-C10, posterior to the palatoglossal fold; the oral cavity is C00 and C02-C06." }, { "name": "nasal cavity", "difference": "Separated from the mouth by the hard and soft palate; lined by respiratory and olfactory mucosa and opening at the nares, not the lips." }, { "name": "lips", "difference": "The lips are the anterior wall and mucocutaneous margin of the mouth, not the cavity; vermilion and skin cancers of the lip are coded separately from intra-oral disease." }, { "name": "mouthparts", "difference": "In arthropods, mouthparts are paired gnathal appendages around the opening; they are not the digestive orifice itself." }, { "name": "beak (rhamphotheca)", "difference": "A keratinous sheath bounding the avian oral opening; the mouth is the rictal opening and cavity inside the beak, not the beak." }, { "name": "surgical stoma", "difference": "An iatrogenic opening (tracheostomy, colostomy) named by analogy; it is not the native cranial digestive orifice." }, { "name": "river mouth", "difference": "A geographic homonym for the discharge of a watercourse into another body of water; it is not an anatomical structure and is out of PHY.LIV." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of mouth this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Does the registry intend mouth to cover animal mouths generally, human mouths specifically, or only the oral aperture?", "Which existing Vercy models already own the oral cavity or mouth, and should this entry link to one of them?", "Which comparative anatomical references should govern boundaries and terminology across the taxa covered?", "How should this model represent animals whose mouth also serves other digestive exchanges, or whose oral structures change substantially between life stages?", "Which taxon- and life-stage-specific methods and reference ranges are needed before oral measurements can support judgements about functional limitation?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 11, "findings": 18, "questions": 28 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "device, machine or tool", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a mouth, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Enable an agent to recognise an animal mouth, record its anatomical and functional state, and judge which observations or interactions are appropriate for the organism concerned.", "characteristics": { "substance": "material", "origin": "manufactured", "agency": "inert", "mobility": "varies" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: human mouth, cat mouth, Cephalopod beak.", "3 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 184 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a mouth, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "matter you can touch", "physicalCharacter": [ "Mobility varies between examples.", "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Recognised by form, by the arrangement of its controls, and by markings - a plate, a model number, a certification mark. Form alone rarely separates two models that do very different things." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "human mouth", "cat mouth", "Cephalopod beak" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 184 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 3 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one mouth from another, and a mouth from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a mouth, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a mouth, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a mouth is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a mouth, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a mouth, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a mouth is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a mouth sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a mouth, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a mouth, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a mouth is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a mouth from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a mouth, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a mouth, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a mouth is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "form-and-composition", "name": "Form, composition and condition", "description": "What a mouth is made of, what shape and size it takes, and what state it is in.", "rationale": "A physical thing can be measured, and a model that cannot record its measurements cannot support any decision that depends on them.", "layers": [ { "id": "form-and-dimensions", "name": "Form and dimensions", "description": "Shape, size, mass and the ranges these take across examples.", "findings": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions", "name": "Measurable dimensions and their units", "description": "The quantities worth recording and the units they are recorded in.", "questions": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the dimensions of a mouth, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the dimensions of a mouth, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the dimensions of a mouth is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "material-and-composition", "name": "Material and composition", "description": "Materials, parts and how they are put together.", "findings": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials", "name": "Parts and materials", "description": "What a mouth is built from and which parts are replaceable.", "questions": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the composition of a mouth, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the composition of a mouth, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the composition of a mouth is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-and-integrity", "name": "Condition and integrity", "description": "Wear, damage, health and the difference between working and broken.", "findings": [ { "id": "condition-assessment", "name": "Condition, damage and health", "description": "How the condition of a mouth is judged and by whom.", "questions": [ { "id": "condition-assessment-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the condition of a mouth, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the condition of a mouth, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the condition of a mouth is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "place-and-movement", "name": "Place and movement", "description": "Where a mouth is, how it got there and where it may go (varies).", "rationale": "A thing that can move needs its position recorded with a time, or every later claim about it is about a place it has left.", "layers": [ { "id": "location-and-placement", "name": "Location and placement", "description": "Position, containment and the reference frame the position is given in.", "findings": [ { "id": "position-and-frame", "name": "Position, container and reference frame", "description": "Where a mouth is, and what that position is measured against.", "questions": [ { "id": "position-and-frame-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the location of a mouth, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the location of a mouth, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the location of a mouth is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "movement-and-transfer", "name": "Movement and transfer", "description": "How a mouth is carried, installed or relocated.", "findings": [ { "id": "movement-events", "name": "Movement events and constraints", "description": "What counts as a movement, what records it and what limits it.", "questions": [ { "id": "movement-events-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the movement of a mouth, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the movement of a mouth, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the movement of a mouth is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a mouth passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a mouth between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a mouth, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a mouth, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a mouth is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a mouth, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a mouth is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a mouth, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a mouth, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a mouth is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "function-and-principle", "name": "Function and operating principle", "description": "What mouth is for and how it achieves it.", "rationale": "Two devices with the same name can work on different principles, and the principle is what predicts failure and constrains use.", "layers": [ { "id": "intended-function", "name": "Intended function", "description": "The job it does, and the jobs it is used for anyway.", "findings": [ { "id": "function-record", "name": "Function, principle and variants", "description": "What it does, how, and which variants do it differently.", "questions": [ { "id": "function-record-q01", "text": "What function does mouth perform, on what operating principle, and which variants differ in that principle?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "function-record-q02", "text": "What use falls outside the intended function but happens in practice?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "capacity-and-rating", "name": "Capacity and rating", "description": "The numbers that say what it can do and where it stops.", "findings": [ { "id": "ratings", "name": "Ratings and their conditions", "description": "Rated capacity, power, throughput and the conditions each assumes.", "questions": [ { "id": "ratings-q01", "text": "What ratings characterise mouth, in what units, and under what stated conditions?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "ratings-q02", "text": "What happens beyond the rating - degradation, refusal, damage - and how is that detected?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "operation-and-state", "name": "Operation, controls and state", "description": "How mouth is operated and what state it is in right now.", "rationale": "An agent acting on a device needs its current state and the controls that change it, not just its specification.", "layers": [ { "id": "controls-and-modes", "name": "Controls and modes", "description": "What can be set, what that changes, and what is interlocked.", "findings": [ { "id": "control-surface", "name": "Control surface and interlocks", "description": "The settings available and the conditions that block them.", "questions": [ { "id": "control-surface-q01", "text": "What controls and modes does mouth have, and what does each change?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "control-surface-q02", "text": "Which actions are interlocked or forbidden in which state, and what must be true before acting?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-and-maintenance", "name": "Condition and maintenance", "description": "Wear, service intervals, consumables and the line between working and broken.", "findings": [ { "id": "service-record", "name": "Condition, service and consumables", "description": "What is consumed, what is serviced, and how condition is judged.", "questions": [ { "id": "service-record-q01", "text": "What consumables and service does mouth need, at what interval, and on whose authority?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "service-record-q02", "text": "What evidence separates a unit that is working from one that is out of service?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "kind-model-unit", "name": "Kind, model and unit", "description": "Whether a claim about mouth is about the kind, a product line, or one physical unit.", "rationale": "This is the boundary most often got wrong for made things, and getting it wrong mixes a catalogue entry with the machine in the yard.", "layers": [ { "id": "level-of-reference", "name": "Level of reference", "description": "The three levels and what belongs at each.", "findings": [ { "id": "level-rules", "name": "What belongs to kind, model and unit", "description": "Which properties are shared by all of them and which are not.", "questions": [ { "id": "level-rules-q01", "text": "Which facts about mouth hold for every one of them, which for a model, and which only for one unit?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "level-rules-q02", "text": "What identifies an individual unit, and what should an agent do when it has only the kind?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "standards-and-conformity", "name": "Standards and conformity", "description": "The standards a working example must meet and who attests it.", "findings": [ { "id": "conformity", "name": "Standards, marks and attestation", "description": "Which standard applies, who certifies, and what the mark means.", "questions": [ { "id": "conformity-q01", "text": "Which standards govern mouth, issued by whom, and what does conformity actually assert?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "conformity-q02", "text": "What may an agent conclude from a certification mark, and what may it not?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a mouth came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a mouth and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a mouth, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a mouth, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a mouth is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a mouth is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a mouth, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a mouth, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a mouth is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 8, "layers": 17, "findings": 19, "questions": 51 } } } }