← Back to catalogue
Published

security

vr.tr.security-2 · thing-security-2

Let an agent handle securities by type, issuer, identifiers and terms, give factual information only, and never give personalised investment advice or execute trades.

Thing Registry Society, people and institutions SOC.ECO
Bundle → Layer → Finding → QuestionsClassifiersWhat it isWhy it existsDistinguishing featuresWhat robots and AI may and may not doMoral aspectsOwnersLinks to other meta-modelsIdentity and identifiersDirect propertiesRecognitionCapabilities and actionsHazards and failure modesStandards and interfacesContext of useSources

Bundle → Layer → Finding → Questions Filled

4 bundles · 8 layers · 8 findings · 16 questions

Identity Which security.

Identifiers

ISIN, CUSIP, ticker.

Identifiers

Identifiers.

  1. What are its ISIN and ticker? provenance
  2. Which exchange lists it? provenance

Issuer

Who issued it.

Issuer

The issuer.

  1. Who issued it? provenance
  2. Is the issuer in good standing? boundary
Terms Rights and features.

Type

Equity, debt, asset-backed.

Type

Security type.

  1. What type of security is it? definition
  2. What rights does it give? definition

Features

Coupon, maturity, voting.

Features

Key terms.

  1. What are its key terms, such as coupon, maturity or voting rights? provenance
  2. Where are they documented? provenance
Disclosure Filings and information.

Filings

Prospectus and reports.

Filings

Official filings.

  1. Which official filings describe it? provenance
  2. How recent are they? provenance

Risk disclosures

Stated risks.

Risks

Disclosed risks.

  1. What risks does the issuer disclose? provenance
  2. Is it a complex or high-risk product? boundary
Limits No advice, no trading.

Advice

Boundaries.

Advice limits

What not to do.

  1. Is the user asking whether to buy or sell? boundary
  2. How should the agent decline and suggest a licensed adviser? action

Fraud

Warnings.

Fraud warnings

Regulator warnings.

  1. Is there a regulator warning about this security or promoter? boundary
  2. Where can the user check? action

Classifiers Filled

Family
Thing Registry
Category
Society, people and institutions
Entry kind
noun.possession
Plane
SOC
Domain
SOC.ECO
Tags
document
Facets: substance
social
Facets: origin
conceptual
Facets: agency
inert
Facets: mobility
not-applicable
Facets: scale
not-applicable
Facets: affordances
readable
Other names and narrower kinds
penny stock, government security, agency security, mortgage-backed security, registered security, zero coupon bond, zero-coupon bond, share, certificate, scrip, stock certificate, stock

What it is Filled

A tradable financial instrument that documents a claim or ownership relevant to finance and investment, such as a share, bond, government security or mortgage-backed security; the holder has rights defined by its terms.

Why it exists Filled

Let an agent handle securities by type, issuer, identifiers and terms, give factual information only, and never give personalised investment advice or execute trades.

Distinguishing features Filled

  • A tradable instrument with defined rights
  • Regulated by securities law
  • Equity and debt securities differ fundamentally
  • Security as protection is a different sense

What robots and AI may and may not do Filled

Must not

  • Buy, sell or transfer securities.
  • Give personalised investment advice or recommend specific securities to a person.
  • Spread false or misleading information that could move a security's price.
  • Trade or tip others on inside information.

Only with a human decision

  • Any decision to buy, sell, hold or pledge a security.

May

  • Report a security's identifiers, terms and published prices from official sources, with dates.
  • Explain in general terms what rights a type of security gives its holder.

Moral aspects Filled

  • Misleading information about securities can wipe out people's savings.
  • Fair markets depend on equal access to material information.

Who is affected

  • Investors and savers
  • Issuers
  • Pension holders

Owners Filled

Steward

The holder of record; the issuer defines its terms and a securities regulator oversees trading.

Master systems

  • Central securities depositories
  • Issuers' share registers

Links to other meta-models Filled

parent

  • oewn-06491336-n - registry parent class

related

  • document of title or financial instrument - claim
  • organization or government - issuer
  • ISIN - identifier
  • security as safety - a homonym

What else AI and robots need to interact with it Filled

Identity and identifiers required Filled

  • Vercy registry: vr.tr.security-2
  • Open English WordNet: oewn-13437518-n
  • ISIN: 12 characters, ISO 6166 international identifier
  • CUSIP: 9 characters North America
  • ticker: exchange-specific trading symbol

Direct properties not applicable Not applicable

Not applicable

Plane SOC: no invented physical properties.

Recognition optional Filled

  • ISIN and ticker identifiers
  • Prospectuses and term sheets
  • Registered or bearer form
  • Usually electronic book entries; historically paper certificates.

Capabilities and actions required Filled

  • issue it, under securities law
  • hold and transfer it, through custodians and registers
  • trade it, on markets, only by the investor or their broker
  • research it, from filings and disclosures

Hazards and failure modes required Filled

  • Presenting information as investment advice
  • Fraud such as pump-and-dump schemes in penny stocks
  • Confusing similar tickers
  • Stale prices

Standards and interfaces required Filled

  • EU MiFID II and Prospectus Regulation
  • US Securities Act of 1933 and Exchange Act of 1934
  • ISO 6166 ISIN

Context of use required Filled

  • Raising capital for issuers and giving investors claims on returns.
  • equity securities: shares, penny stocks
  • debt securities: bonds, zero-coupon bonds, government and agency securities
  • asset-backed securities such as mortgage-backed securities
  • derivatives treated as securities in some regimes

Sources Filled

  1. Open English WordNet 2024, synset oewn-13437518-n - sense and gloss of the concept
  2. Wiktionary: security - word senses and usage

Open questions

  • Should security types be separate entries?
  • How should agents present security data without advice?
  • How should delisted securities be recorded?

Machine files

Card as JSON Specification Card backlog vercy.card/1

Provenance

thing registry research (pass 2) · unreviewed

Built from: models/things/publications/thing-security-2/spec.json