{
  "vercy": "1.0-draft",
  "publication": {
    "status": "research-draft",
    "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed",
    "publishableCanonical": false,
    "generatedAt": "2026-09-11T08:23:29Z",
    "providers": [
      "Claude"
    ],
    "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify",
    "pass": 2,
    "wave": 1,
    "engine": "claude",
    "enrichment": {
      "pass": 3,
      "engine": "claude",
      "producedAt": "2026-10-05T16:30:00Z",
      "ingestedAt": "2026-10-05T13:18:15+00:00",
      "fields": [
        "agent_conduct",
        "ethics",
        "owners"
      ]
    },
    "gate": {
      "passed": true,
      "version": "1.0",
      "at": "2026-10-07T12:16:27+00:00",
      "evidence": [
        "completeness 1.00",
        "sense: WordNet gloss",
        "2 live sources",
        "review by codex: pass"
      ]
    }
  },
  "metaModel": {
    "id": "THING-BENTHOS-TOPS",
    "registryId": "vr.tr.benthos-tops",
    "name": "benthos",
    "version": "0.2.0-wave.1",
    "entryKind": "thing",
    "family": "Thing Registry",
    "domain": [
      "XCT.TOP"
    ],
    "status": "research-draft"
  },
  "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/benthos-tops/",
  "model": {
    "registry_id": "vr.tr.benthos-tops",
    "name": "benthos",
    "purpose": "Let an agent handle benthos by habitat, organisms, sampling, ecological role and pressures.",
    "definition": "The community of organisms, plants, animals and microbes, that live on, in or near the bottom of a sea, lake, river or stream, with subdivisions such as epipsammon (on sand), endopsammon (in sand), epixylon (on wood) and epipelon (on mud).",
    "what_it_is_for": "A key part of aquatic ecosystems and an indicator of water quality.",
    "affordances": [
      "sample and identify benthic organisms",
      "use benthos to assess water quality",
      "protect benthic habitats",
      "study food webs"
    ],
    "distinguishing_features": [
      "Bottom-dwelling community",
      "Marine and freshwater",
      "Used as bioindicators",
      "Sensitive to trawling and pollution"
    ],
    "appearance": "Worms, molluscs, crustaceans, insect larvae, algae and microbes on and in bottom sediments.",
    "visual_identification": [
      "Organisms on or in the bottom",
      "Subdivisions by substrate",
      "Plankton and nekton live in open water"
    ],
    "physical_properties": [],
    "families_and_kinds": [
      "marine benthos",
      "freshwater benthos",
      "macrobenthos and meiobenthos",
      "phytobenthos and zoobenthos",
      "substrate-based groups such as epipelon"
    ],
    "related_models": [
      {
        "relation": "is a kind of",
        "target": "ecological community",
        "why": "category"
      },
      {
        "relation": "lives in",
        "target": "sediment and seabed",
        "why": "habitat"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is contrasted with",
        "target": "plankton and nekton",
        "why": "other communities"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is used in",
        "target": "water quality assessment",
        "why": "application"
      }
    ],
    "identifiers": [],
    "standards_and_regulation": [
      "EU Water Framework Directive biological quality elements",
      "EU Marine Strategy Framework Directive",
      "ISO 16665 marine soft-bottom macrofauna sampling"
    ],
    "failure_modes_and_hazards": [
      "Habitat damage from bottom trawling",
      "Pollution and oxygen depletion",
      "Misidentification in surveys"
    ],
    "in_scope": [],
    "out_of_scope": [],
    "characteristics": [],
    "agent_conduct": {
      "may": [
        "Report surveys of bottom-dwelling communities from monitoring programmes and cite their methods.",
        "Use benthic indicators to describe the ecological state of a water body."
      ],
      "must_not": [
        "Disturb protected seabed or riverbed habitats beyond what a survey permit allows.",
        "Misreport survey results in a way that hides pollution or habitat damage.",
        "Introduce organisms from one water body into another during sampling."
      ],
      "requires_human": [
        "Approving dredging, trawling or works that disturb the bottom of a protected water body."
      ]
    },
    "ethics": {
      "considerations": [
        "Bottom communities are slow to recover from trawling, dredging and pollution.",
        "Benthic monitoring informs decisions on fisheries and water quality that affect livelihoods."
      ],
      "affected_parties": [
        "The organisms themselves",
        "Fishers and communities depending on the water",
        "Downstream ecosystems"
      ]
    },
    "owners": {
      "steward": "Nobody: wild and held in common; environmental authorities oversee monitoring and protection.",
      "master_systems": [
        "National water and marine monitoring databases",
        "Biodiversity occurrence databases"
      ]
    }
  },
  "sources": [
    {
      "id": "oewn",
      "title": "Open English WordNet 2024, synset oewn-00005787-n",
      "url": "https://en-word.net/id/oewn-00005787-n",
      "what_it_supports": "sense and gloss of the concept",
      "url_status": "live",
      "checked_by": "http 200"
    },
    {
      "id": "wiktionary-en",
      "title": "Wiktionary: benthos",
      "url": "https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/benthos",
      "what_it_supports": "word senses and usage",
      "url_status": "live",
      "checked_by": "http 200"
    }
  ],
  "structure": {
    "bundles": [
      {
        "id": "community",
        "name": "Community",
        "description": "Which benthos.",
        "rationale": "Habitat defines community.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "habitat",
            "name": "Habitat",
            "description": "Marine or freshwater.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "habitat-finding",
                "name": "Habitat",
                "description": "Habitat.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "In which water body and substrate does the community live?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "At what depth?",
                    "kind": "measurement"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "organisms",
            "name": "Organisms",
            "description": "Taxa.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "organisms-finding",
                "name": "Organisms",
                "description": "Organisms.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Which organisms dominate?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Who identified them?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "sampling",
        "name": "Sampling",
        "description": "Methods.",
        "rationale": "Sampling must be standard.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "methods",
            "name": "Methods",
            "description": "Grabs and cores.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "methods-finding",
                "name": "Methods",
                "description": "Sampling methods.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Which sampling method was used?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Does it follow a standard?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "identification",
            "name": "Identification",
            "description": "Taxonomy.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "identification-finding",
                "name": "Identification",
                "description": "Identification.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "To which taxonomic level were organisms identified?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Was quality assurance applied?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "quality",
        "name": "Quality",
        "description": "Bioindicators.",
        "rationale": "Benthos indicates condition.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "indices",
            "name": "Indices",
            "description": "Status.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "indices-finding",
                "name": "Indices",
                "description": "Quality indices.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What does the benthic index say about water quality?",
                    "kind": "measurement"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which index is used?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "trends",
            "name": "Trends",
            "description": "Change.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "trends-finding",
                "name": "Trends",
                "description": "Trends.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How has the community changed over time?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Why?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "pressures",
        "name": "Pressures",
        "description": "Threats.",
        "rationale": "Benthos faces pressures.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "trawling",
            "name": "Trawling",
            "description": "Physical damage.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "trawling-finding",
                "name": "Trawling",
                "description": "Bottom trawling.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Is the habitat affected by bottom trawling?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Are protected areas in place?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "pollution",
            "name": "Pollution",
            "description": "Oxygen and chemicals.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "pollution-finding",
                "name": "Pollution",
                "description": "Pollution.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Is oxygen depletion or pollution affecting it?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "What monitoring shows?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  },
  "openQuestions": [
    "Should benthic subdivisions be separate entries?",
    "How should survey data be linked?",
    "How should indicator indices be recorded?"
  ],
  "statistics": {
    "bundles": 4,
    "layers": 8,
    "findings": 8,
    "questions": 16
  }
}