{
  "vercy": "1.0-draft",
  "publication": {
    "status": "research-draft",
    "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed",
    "publishableCanonical": false,
    "generatedAt": "2026-09-12T04:43:15Z",
    "providers": [
      "Claude"
    ],
    "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify",
    "pass": 2,
    "wave": 2,
    "engine": "claude",
    "enrichment": {
      "pass": 3,
      "engine": "claude",
      "producedAt": "2026-10-05T23:55:00Z",
      "ingestedAt": "2026-10-05T20:54:10+00:00",
      "fields": [
        "agent_conduct",
        "ethics",
        "owners"
      ]
    },
    "gate": {
      "passed": true,
      "version": "1.0",
      "at": "2026-10-07T12:16:27+00:00",
      "evidence": [
        "completeness 1.00",
        "sense: WordNet gloss",
        "2 live sources",
        "review by codex: pass"
      ]
    }
  },
  "metaModel": {
    "id": "THING-CASE",
    "registryId": "vr.tr.case",
    "name": "case",
    "version": "0.2.0-wave.2",
    "entryKind": "thing",
    "family": "Thing Registry",
    "domain": [
      "ACT.EVT"
    ],
    "status": "research-draft"
  },
  "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/case/",
  "model": {
    "registry_id": "vr.tr.case",
    "name": "case",
    "purpose": "Let an agent explain case as an instance or occurrence, describe how cases are identified, counted and studied across fields such as medicine, law and research, support reasoning from cases to categories, and separate this sense from other meanings of the word.",
    "definition": "An occurrence or instance of something, a single example of a kind of event, situation or condition, as in a case of illness, a case of fraud, a case for study or a particular instance that exemplifies a general category; in this sense case denotes the individual occurrence considered against a type, and is distinct from legal cases as proceedings, grammatical case and containers called cases.",
    "what_it_is_for": "An occurrence or instance of something.",
    "affordances": [
      "explain the sense",
      "describe use across fields",
      "support case-based reasoning",
      "separate other senses"
    ],
    "distinguishing_features": [
      "Instance of a type",
      "Countable",
      "Exemplary use",
      "Cross-field"
    ],
    "appearance": "Not physical; an instance.",
    "visual_identification": [
      "Single occurrence of a kind",
      "Considered against a category",
      "A legal case is a proceeding; grammatical case marks nouns; a case may be a container"
    ],
    "physical_properties": [],
    "families_and_kinds": [
      "cases of disease in epidemiology",
      "cases in research and case studies",
      "instances in logic and classification",
      "cases as examples in argument",
      "cases in incident and record keeping"
    ],
    "related_models": [
      {
        "relation": "is a kind of",
        "target": "occurrence",
        "why": "category"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is related to",
        "target": "symptom",
        "why": "clinical cases"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is related to",
        "target": "health indicator",
        "why": "case counts as indicators"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is related to",
        "target": "decision",
        "why": "decisions in individual cases"
      }
    ],
    "identifiers": [],
    "standards_and_regulation": [
      "Case definitions in epidemiology",
      "Research standards for case studies",
      "No regulation of the concept"
    ],
    "failure_modes_and_hazards": [
      "Confusing senses of case",
      "Generalising from single cases",
      "Inconsistent case definitions"
    ],
    "in_scope": [],
    "out_of_scope": [],
    "characteristics": [],
    "agent_conduct": {
      "may": [
        "Count and classify cases of a kind of event using a stated definition.",
        "Distinguish a single case from a general pattern when reporting."
      ],
      "must_not": [
        "Generalize from one case to a whole group of people.",
        "Report cases that identify individuals, such as cases of illness, without consent or legal basis.",
        "Change the case definition midway and present the counts as comparable."
      ],
      "requires_human": [
        "Publishing case reports about identifiable people."
      ]
    },
    "ethics": {
      "considerations": [
        "Treating one striking case as typical fuels stigma and bad policy.",
        "Case counts drive public decisions, so definitions must be honest."
      ],
      "affected_parties": [
        "People described as cases",
        "Readers of statistics"
      ]
    },
    "owners": {
      "steward": "Nobody: a concept; whoever records a case answers for its record.",
      "master_systems": []
    }
  },
  "sources": [
    {
      "id": "oewn",
      "title": "Open English WordNet 2024, synset oewn-07323507-n",
      "url": "https://en-word.net/id/oewn-07323507-n",
      "what_it_supports": "sense and gloss of the concept",
      "url_status": "live",
      "checked_by": "http 200"
    },
    {
      "id": "wiktionary-en",
      "title": "Wiktionary: case",
      "url": "https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/case",
      "what_it_supports": "word senses and usage",
      "url_status": "live",
      "checked_by": "http 200"
    }
  ],
  "structure": {
    "bundles": [
      {
        "id": "understand",
        "name": "Understand",
        "description": "What a case is.",
        "rationale": "Concepts.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "concept",
            "name": "Concept",
            "description": "Concept and senses.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "concept-finding",
                "name": "Concept",
                "description": "Concept.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What is a case as an instance or occurrence, and how does it differ from legal, grammatical and container senses?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which sense of case is meant?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "fields",
            "name": "Fields",
            "description": "Cases across fields.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "fields-finding",
                "name": "Fields",
                "description": "Fields.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How are cases defined and counted in epidemiology, research, incident reporting and classification?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits a specific field?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "reason",
        "name": "Reason",
        "description": "Reasoning with cases.",
        "rationale": "Practice.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "casebased",
            "name": "Case-based",
            "description": "Case-based reasoning.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "casebased-finding",
                "name": "Case-based",
                "description": "Case-based.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How can this case be analysed and related to similar cases and general categories?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Is generalisation from few cases justified?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "studies",
            "name": "Studies",
            "description": "Case studies.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "studies-finding",
                "name": "Studies",
                "description": "Studies.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How are case studies designed and used in research and teaching?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits research methods?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "count",
        "name": "Count",
        "description": "Counting cases.",
        "rationale": "Data.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "definitions",
            "name": "Definitions",
            "description": "Case definitions.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "definitions-finding",
                "name": "Definitions",
                "description": "Definitions.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How do case definitions determine what is counted in surveillance and statistics?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits epidemiology?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "records",
            "name": "Records",
            "description": "Case records.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "records-finding",
                "name": "Records",
                "description": "Records.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How are cases recorded and managed in case management systems?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits case management?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "learn",
        "name": "Learn",
        "description": "Language and teaching.",
        "rationale": "Education.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "language",
            "name": "Language",
            "description": "Words for instances.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "language-finding",
                "name": "Language",
                "description": "Language.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How do case, instance, example and occurrence differ in usage?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which references are standard?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "teach",
            "name": "Teach",
            "description": "Teaching.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "teach-finding",
                "name": "Teach",
                "description": "Teaching.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How can reasoning from cases be taught?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which misconceptions arise?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  },
  "openQuestions": [
    "Should case studies be a separate entry?",
    "How should case definition standards be linked?",
    "How should other senses be separated?"
  ],
  "statistics": {
    "bundles": 4,
    "layers": 8,
    "findings": 8,
    "questions": 16
  }
}