{
  "vercy": "1.0-draft",
  "publication": {
    "status": "research-draft",
    "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed",
    "publishableCanonical": false,
    "generatedAt": "2026-09-11T15:32:53Z",
    "providers": [
      "Claude"
    ],
    "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify",
    "pass": 2,
    "wave": 1,
    "engine": "claude",
    "enrichment": {
      "pass": 3,
      "engine": "claude",
      "producedAt": "2026-10-05T18:00:00Z",
      "ingestedAt": "2026-10-05T13:28:27+00:00",
      "fields": [
        "agent_conduct",
        "ethics",
        "owners"
      ]
    },
    "gate": {
      "passed": true,
      "version": "1.0",
      "at": "2026-10-07T12:16:27+00:00",
      "evidence": [
        "completeness 1.00",
        "sense: WordNet gloss",
        "2 live sources",
        "review by codex: pass"
      ]
    }
  },
  "metaModel": {
    "id": "THING-MODIFICATION",
    "registryId": "vr.tr.modification",
    "name": "modification",
    "version": "0.2.0-wave.1",
    "entryKind": "thing",
    "family": "Thing Registry",
    "domain": [
      "XCT.REL"
    ],
    "status": "research-draft"
  },
  "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/modification/",
  "model": {
    "registry_id": "vr.tr.modification",
    "name": "modification",
    "purpose": "Let an agent analyse grammatical modification, identify modifiers and heads, explain restrictive versus non-restrictive uses and punctuation, and separate the general sense of modification.",
    "definition": "In grammar, the relation in which one word or phrase qualifies, limits or restricts the meaning of another, as when an adjective modifies a noun or an adverb modifies a verb, including restrictive and non-restrictive modification and apposition; the term also denotes changing something in general, treated as a separate sense.",
    "what_it_is_for": "Grammar analysis, writing and language teaching.",
    "affordances": [
      "identify modifiers and what they modify",
      "distinguish restrictive and non-restrictive modification",
      "fix misplaced and dangling modifiers",
      "separate the general sense of change"
    ],
    "distinguishing_features": [
      "Head and modifier",
      "Restrictive or non-restrictive",
      "Signalled by order and punctuation",
      "Language-specific rules"
    ],
    "appearance": "Not physical; relations between words in sentences.",
    "visual_identification": [
      "Adjectives before nouns, adverbs near verbs",
      "Commas around non-restrictive clauses",
      "Complements complete rather than modify"
    ],
    "physical_properties": [],
    "families_and_kinds": [
      "adjectival modification",
      "adverbial modification",
      "relative clause modification",
      "apposition",
      "compound modification"
    ],
    "related_models": [
      {
        "relation": "is a kind of",
        "target": "grammatical relation",
        "why": "category"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is related to",
        "target": "apposition",
        "why": "kind of modification"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is related to",
        "target": "theorem",
        "why": "other named abstract entity"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is studied by",
        "target": "syntax",
        "why": "field"
      }
    ],
    "identifiers": [],
    "standards_and_regulation": [
      "Style guides on punctuation of modifiers"
    ],
    "failure_modes_and_hazards": [
      "Ambiguity from misplaced modifiers",
      "Wrong comma use",
      "Confusing senses"
    ],
    "in_scope": [],
    "out_of_scope": [],
    "characteristics": [],
    "agent_conduct": {
      "may": [
        "Analyse modifiers in sentences and explain their grammatical role.",
        "Point out when a modifier makes a sentence ambiguous."
      ],
      "must_not": [
        "Rewrite a legal or medical text in a way that changes what a modifier limits.",
        "Present a contested grammatical analysis as the only correct one.",
        "Mark speakers' dialects as wrong merely because they differ from a standard."
      ],
      "requires_human": [
        "Resolving modifier ambiguity in a contract or law that binds people."
      ]
    },
    "ethics": {
      "considerations": [
        "A misplaced modifier can change the meaning of a law, contract or instruction.",
        "Language judgements can be used to belittle speakers of other varieties."
      ],
      "affected_parties": [
        "Readers and writers",
        "Parties to documents",
        "Language learners"
      ]
    },
    "owners": {
      "steward": "Nobody owns grammar; it belongs to its speakers.",
      "master_systems": []
    }
  },
  "sources": [
    {
      "id": "oewn",
      "title": "Open English WordNet 2024, synset oewn-13823013-n",
      "url": "https://en-word.net/id/oewn-13823013-n",
      "what_it_supports": "sense and gloss of the concept",
      "url_status": "live",
      "checked_by": "http 200"
    },
    {
      "id": "wiktionary-en",
      "title": "Wiktionary: modification",
      "url": "https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/modification",
      "what_it_supports": "word senses and usage",
      "url_status": "live",
      "checked_by": "http 200"
    }
  ],
  "structure": {
    "bundles": [
      {
        "id": "analyse",
        "name": "Analyse",
        "description": "Finding modifiers.",
        "rationale": "Heads and modifiers.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "identify",
            "name": "Identify",
            "description": "Which modifies which.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "identify-finding",
                "name": "Identify",
                "description": "Identification.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Which word or phrase modifies which in this sentence?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Is it adjectival or adverbial?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "scope",
            "name": "Scope",
            "description": "Attachment ambiguity.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "scope-finding",
                "name": "Scope",
                "description": "Attachment.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Is the modifier attachment ambiguous?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "How can the sentence be rewritten to be clear?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "restrictive",
        "name": "Restrictive",
        "description": "Meaning and punctuation.",
        "rationale": "Commas change meaning.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "type",
            "name": "Type",
            "description": "Restrictive or not.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "type-finding",
                "name": "Type",
                "description": "Restrictive versus non-restrictive.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Is this modifier restrictive or non-restrictive, and how does that change meaning?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which punctuation does the style guide require?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "apposition",
            "name": "Apposition",
            "description": "Appositives.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "apposition-finding",
                "name": "Apposition",
                "description": "Apposition.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Is this an appositive, and is it restrictive?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "How should it be punctuated?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "errors",
        "name": "Errors",
        "description": "Fixing problems.",
        "rationale": "Modifiers go astray.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "misplaced",
            "name": "Misplaced",
            "description": "Misplaced modifiers.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "misplaced-finding",
                "name": "Misplaced",
                "description": "Misplaced modifiers.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Is a modifier misplaced or dangling in this sentence?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "How should it be fixed?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "stacking",
            "name": "Stacking",
            "description": "Stacked modifiers.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "stacking-finding",
                "name": "Stacking",
                "description": "Stacked modifiers.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Are too many modifiers stacked before the noun?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "How can the phrase be unpacked?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "senses",
        "name": "Senses",
        "description": "Disambiguation.",
        "rationale": "Modification has a general sense.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "general",
            "name": "General",
            "description": "Changing things.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "general-finding",
                "name": "General",
                "description": "General sense.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Is modification meant as changing or altering something?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "languages",
            "name": "Languages",
            "description": "Other languages.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "languages-finding",
                "name": "Languages",
                "description": "Other languages.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How does modification work in this language, such as adjective agreement or order?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which resources describe it?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  },
  "openQuestions": [
    "Should each modifier type be a separate entry?",
    "How should language-specific rules be linked?",
    "How should the general sense be split?"
  ],
  "statistics": {
    "bundles": 4,
    "layers": 8,
    "findings": 8,
    "questions": 16
  }
}