{
  "vercy": "1.0-draft",
  "publication": {
    "status": "research-draft",
    "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed",
    "publishableCanonical": false,
    "generatedAt": "2026-09-12T06:00:47Z",
    "providers": [
      "Claude"
    ],
    "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify",
    "pass": 2,
    "wave": 2,
    "engine": "claude",
    "enrichment": {
      "pass": 3,
      "engine": "claude",
      "producedAt": "2026-10-05T23:50:00Z",
      "ingestedAt": "2026-10-05T20:57:02+00:00",
      "fields": [
        "agent_conduct",
        "ethics",
        "owners"
      ]
    },
    "revisions": [
      {
        "at": "2026-10-08T18:44:34+00:00",
        "engine": "codex",
        "fields": [
          "definition"
        ],
        "answering_review": "e2b90b86f472282a214c42a80f1f1516cf21b9579f0e7ec47e38e49cf7a75618"
      }
    ],
    "gate": {
      "passed": true,
      "version": "1.0",
      "at": "2026-10-08T18:54:35+00:00",
      "evidence": [
        "completeness 1.00",
        "sense: WordNet gloss",
        "2 live sources",
        "review by codex: pass"
      ]
    }
  },
  "metaModel": {
    "id": "THING-MULTIPLIER",
    "registryId": "vr.tr.multiplier",
    "name": "multiplier",
    "version": "0.2.0-wave.2",
    "entryKind": "thing",
    "family": "Thing Registry",
    "domain": [
      "XCT.QTY"
    ],
    "status": "research-draft"
  },
  "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/multiplier/",
  "model": {
    "registry_id": "vr.tr.multiplier",
    "name": "multiplier",
    "purpose": "Let an agent explain the multiplier in arithmetic and its extended uses as scale factor and economic multiplier, support calculations and interpretation, distinguish senses across fields, and support learning.",
    "definition": "The number by which a multiplicand is multiplied to give a product, and by extension any factor that scales a quantity, such as a scale factor in geometry and maps, a time-scale factor in simulation, a multiplier in economics that relates a change in output to an initial change in spending and can be less than one, and multipliers in games and scoring; the multiplier is a basic concept of arithmetic that recurs wherever quantities are scaled.",
    "what_it_is_for": "The factor that scales a quantity.",
    "affordances": [
      "explain the arithmetic concept",
      "describe extended uses",
      "support calculations",
      "support learning"
    ],
    "distinguishing_features": [
      "Scaling role",
      "Commutative with multiplicand",
      "Field-specific senses",
      "Dimensionless in scaling"
    ],
    "appearance": "Not physical; a number.",
    "visual_identification": [
      "Number multiplying a multiplicand",
      "Scale factors, economic multipliers, game multipliers",
      "The multiplicand is what is multiplied; the product is the result; a divisor divides"
    ],
    "physical_properties": [],
    "families_and_kinds": [
      "multiplier in arithmetic",
      "scale factors in geometry and maps",
      "time-scale factors in simulation",
      "economic multipliers",
      "multipliers in games and scoring"
    ],
    "related_models": [
      {
        "relation": "is a kind of",
        "target": "number",
        "why": "category"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is related to",
        "target": "remainder",
        "why": "another arithmetic concept"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is related to",
        "target": "trillion",
        "why": "large numbers as multipliers of units"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is related to",
        "target": "economist",
        "why": "analysts of economic multipliers"
      }
    ],
    "identifiers": [],
    "standards_and_regulation": [
      "Mathematical notation conventions",
      "Curriculum standards for arithmetic",
      "No regulation of the concept"
    ],
    "failure_modes_and_hazards": [
      "Confusing multiplier and multiplicand",
      "Confusing senses across fields",
      "Overstating economic multiplier estimates"
    ],
    "in_scope": [],
    "out_of_scope": [],
    "characteristics": [],
    "agent_conduct": {
      "may": [
        "Explain the multiplier in arithmetic and as scale factor or economic multiplier, naming the sense.",
        "Support calculations, stating units.",
        "Present economic multiplier estimates with sources and ranges."
      ],
      "must_not": [
        "Confuse multiplier and multiplicand where it matters.",
        "Present a single economic multiplier estimate as certain.",
        "Use multiplier claims to mislead the public about policy.",
        "Confuse senses across fields."
      ],
      "requires_human": [
        "Using a multiplier estimate in a budget or policy decision."
      ]
    },
    "ethics": {
      "considerations": [
        "Overstated multipliers justify wasteful spending.",
        "Help with learning should build understanding."
      ],
      "affected_parties": [
        "Taxpayers",
        "Students",
        "Policy makers"
      ]
    },
    "owners": {
      "steward": "Nobody: a concept held in common.",
      "master_systems": []
    }
  },
  "sources": [
    {
      "id": "oewn",
      "title": "Open English WordNet 2024, synset oewn-13755958-n",
      "url": "https://en-word.net/id/oewn-13755958-n",
      "what_it_supports": "sense and gloss of the concept",
      "url_status": "live",
      "checked_by": "http 200"
    },
    {
      "id": "wiktionary-en",
      "title": "Wiktionary: multiplier",
      "url": "https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/multiplier",
      "what_it_supports": "word senses and usage",
      "url_status": "live",
      "checked_by": "http 200"
    }
  ],
  "structure": {
    "bundles": [
      {
        "id": "understand",
        "name": "Understand",
        "description": "What a multiplier is.",
        "rationale": "Mathematics.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "concept",
            "name": "Concept",
            "description": "Arithmetic concept.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "concept-finding",
                "name": "Concept",
                "description": "Concept.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What is the multiplier in multiplication, and how do multiplier, multiplicand and product relate?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which sense of multiplier is meant?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "scale",
            "name": "Scale",
            "description": "Scale factors.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "scale-finding",
                "name": "Scale",
                "description": "Scale.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How do scale factors work in geometry, maps and simulation time scaling?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits scale?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "apply",
        "name": "Apply",
        "description": "Calculation and use.",
        "rationale": "Practice.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "calculate",
            "name": "Calculate",
            "description": "Calculating.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "calculate-finding",
                "name": "Calculate",
                "description": "Calculation.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How can a quantity be scaled by this multiplier, and how are scale factors combined?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits proportion?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "games",
            "name": "Games",
            "description": "Games and scoring.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "games-finding",
                "name": "Games",
                "description": "Games.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How are multipliers used in scoring systems and games?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits game design?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "economics",
        "name": "Economics",
        "description": "Economic multiplier.",
        "rationale": "Attribution.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "concept",
            "name": "Concept",
            "description": "The economic multiplier.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "concept-finding",
                "name": "Concept",
                "description": "Concept.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What is the economic multiplier, and how is it estimated, with positions attributed?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which findings are contested?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "policy",
            "name": "Policy",
            "description": "Policy use.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "policy-finding",
                "name": "Policy",
                "description": "Policy.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How are multipliers used in fiscal policy debates, with positions attributed?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Is the presentation neutral?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "learn",
        "name": "Learn",
        "description": "Teaching.",
        "rationale": "Education.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "teach",
            "name": "Teach",
            "description": "Teaching.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "teach-finding",
                "name": "Teach",
                "description": "Teaching.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How can multiplication and scaling be taught?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which misconceptions arise?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "history",
            "name": "History",
            "description": "History.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "history-finding",
                "name": "History",
                "description": "History.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How did the terminology of multiplication develop?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which references are standard?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  },
  "openQuestions": [
    "Should the economic multiplier be a separate entry?",
    "How should textbooks be linked?",
    "How should economic estimates be attributed?"
  ],
  "statistics": {
    "bundles": 4,
    "layers": 8,
    "findings": 8,
    "questions": 16
  }
}