{
  "vercy": "1.0-draft",
  "publication": {
    "status": "research-draft",
    "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed",
    "publishableCanonical": false,
    "generatedAt": "2026-09-11T23:38:08Z",
    "providers": [
      "Claude"
    ],
    "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify",
    "pass": 2,
    "wave": 2,
    "engine": "claude"
  },
  "metaModel": {
    "id": "THING-OPERATION-PROCESS",
    "registryId": "vr.tr.operation-process",
    "name": "operation",
    "version": "0.2.0-wave.2",
    "entryKind": "thing",
    "family": "Thing Registry",
    "domain": [
      "ACT.PRC"
    ],
    "status": "research-draft"
  },
  "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/operation-process/",
  "model": {
    "registry_id": "vr.tr.operation-process",
    "name": "operation",
    "purpose": "Let an agent explain operations in computing, distinguish kinds such as boolean, binary and asynchronous operations, relate operations to instruction sets and languages, and separate other senses of operation.",
    "definition": "In computer science, a data processing step whose result is completely specified by a rule, such as arithmetic and boolean operations, binary operations on two operands, and auxiliary, off-line and asynchronous operations in systems, forming the building blocks of algorithms, instruction sets and programming languages; operations are characterised by operands, results, cost and side effects.",
    "what_it_is_for": "Rule-specified processing steps in computing.",
    "affordances": [
      "explain kinds of operation",
      "relate to instructions and languages",
      "analyse cost and side effects",
      "separate other senses"
    ],
    "distinguishing_features": [
      "Deterministic rule",
      "Operands and results",
      "Composable",
      "Cost-characterised"
    ],
    "appearance": "Not physical; steps in programs and hardware.",
    "visual_identification": [
      "Result fully specified by a rule",
      "Operands to result",
      "Surgical and military operations are other senses"
    ],
    "physical_properties": [],
    "families_and_kinds": [
      "arithmetic operations",
      "boolean and logical operations",
      "unary, binary and n-ary operations",
      "auxiliary and off-line operations",
      "asynchronous operations"
    ],
    "related_models": [
      {
        "relation": "is a kind of",
        "target": "data processing",
        "why": "category"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is related to",
        "target": "calculation",
        "why": "computation"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is related to",
        "target": "asynchronism",
        "why": "asynchronous operations"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is related to",
        "target": "data dependency",
        "why": "ordering of operations"
      }
    ],
    "identifiers": [],
    "standards_and_regulation": [
      "Instruction set and language specifications",
      "Floating point standards",
      "Mathematical conventions on operations"
    ],
    "failure_modes_and_hazards": [
      "Undefined behaviour and overflow",
      "Race conditions in asynchronous operations",
      "Confusing senses of operation"
    ],
    "in_scope": [],
    "out_of_scope": [],
    "characteristics": []
  },
  "sources": [],
  "structure": {
    "bundles": [
      {
        "id": "define",
        "name": "Define",
        "description": "What an operation is.",
        "rationale": "Concepts.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "definition",
            "name": "Definition",
            "description": "Definition and kinds.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "definition-finding",
                "name": "Definition",
                "description": "Definition.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What is an operation in computing, and how do arithmetic, boolean, unary and binary operations differ?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Is a computing operation, a mathematical operation, or a surgical or military operation meant?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "systems",
            "name": "Systems",
            "description": "Operations in systems.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "systems-finding",
                "name": "Systems",
                "description": "Systems.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What are auxiliary, off-line and asynchronous operations in computer systems?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "How do they affect design?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "implement",
        "name": "Implement",
        "description": "Operations in practice.",
        "rationale": "Programming.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "instructions",
            "name": "Instructions",
            "description": "Instruction sets.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "instructions-finding",
                "name": "Instructions",
                "description": "Instructions.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How are operations implemented in processor instruction sets and compiled from languages?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "What are operator precedence and overloading?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "cost",
            "name": "Cost",
            "description": "Cost and semantics.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "cost-finding",
                "name": "Cost",
                "description": "Cost.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How are the cost, precision and side effects of operations analysed?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "What causes overflow and undefined behaviour?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "theory",
        "name": "Theory",
        "description": "Operations in theory.",
        "rationale": "Foundations.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "algebra",
            "name": "Algebra",
            "description": "Operations in mathematics.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "algebra-finding",
                "name": "Algebra",
                "description": "Algebra.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How do binary operations define algebraic structures, and how does this relate to computing?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits a specific structure?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "concurrency",
            "name": "Concurrency",
            "description": "Atomic and concurrent operations.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "concurrency-finding",
                "name": "Concurrency",
                "description": "Concurrency.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What are atomic operations, and how are concurrent operations kept correct?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "How are race conditions avoided?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "learn",
        "name": "Learn",
        "description": "Teaching and history.",
        "rationale": "Education.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "teach",
            "name": "Teach",
            "description": "Teaching operations.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "teach-finding",
                "name": "Teach",
                "description": "Teaching.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How can operations be taught from arithmetic to boolean logic and instructions?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which misconceptions arise?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "history",
            "name": "History",
            "description": "History.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "history-finding",
                "name": "History",
                "description": "History.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How did the concept of operations develop in computing?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which references are standard?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  },
  "openQuestions": [
    "Should each operation kind be a separate entry?",
    "How should language specifications be linked?",
    "How should other senses be split?"
  ],
  "statistics": {
    "bundles": 4,
    "layers": 8,
    "findings": 8,
    "questions": 16
  }
}