{
  "vercy": "1.0-draft",
  "publication": {
    "status": "research-draft",
    "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed",
    "publishableCanonical": false,
    "generatedAt": "2026-09-13T01:30:36Z",
    "providers": [
      "Claude"
    ],
    "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify",
    "pass": 2,
    "wave": 3,
    "engine": "claude",
    "enrichment": {
      "pass": 3,
      "engine": "claude",
      "producedAt": "2026-10-06T10:00:00Z",
      "ingestedAt": "2026-10-06T07:01:03+00:00",
      "fields": [
        "agent_conduct",
        "ethics",
        "owners"
      ]
    }
  },
  "metaModel": {
    "id": "THING-Q1097498",
    "registryId": "vr.tr.ruler-q1097498",
    "name": "ruler",
    "version": "0.2.0-wave.3",
    "entryKind": "thing",
    "family": "Thing Registry",
    "domain": [
      "SOC.PER"
    ],
    "status": "research-draft"
  },
  "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q1097498/",
  "model": {
    "registry_id": "vr.tr.ruler-q1097498",
    "name": "ruler",
    "purpose": "Let an agent explain the ruler as a political role, describe kinds and sources of legitimacy, relay history and political theory with attribution, and distinguish the political sense from the measuring instrument.",
    "definition": "A person who exercises supreme authority over a state, territory or people, whether as monarch, emperor, chief, dictator or elected head of state and government, holding power by inheritance, election, conquest or appointment and legitimated by law, religion, tradition or force; rulers are studied across history and political science, and the term is also used for a measuring instrument, a separate sense.",
    "what_it_is_for": "Not applicable; a political role.",
    "affordances": [
      "explain kinds of ruler",
      "relay sources of legitimacy",
      "present history and theory",
      "distinguish from the instrument"
    ],
    "distinguishing_features": [
      "Supreme authority",
      "Varied legitimacy",
      "Hereditary or elective",
      "Constrained or absolute"
    ],
    "appearance": "No defining appearance; often marked by regalia, titles and ceremony.",
    "visual_identification": [
      "Holder of supreme authority",
      "Monarchs, emperors, chiefs, presidents, dictators",
      "A measuring ruler is a tool; a governing body is a collective; a governor is subordinate"
    ],
    "physical_properties": [],
    "families_and_kinds": [
      "hereditary monarchs and emperors",
      "elected heads of state and government",
      "chiefs and traditional rulers",
      "religious rulers and theocrats",
      "dictators and autocrats",
      "regents and co-rulers",
      "legendary and mythical rulers"
    ],
    "related_models": [
      {
        "relation": "is a kind of",
        "target": "leader",
        "why": "in registry terms"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is a kind of",
        "target": "governing body",
        "why": "in registry terms, when sole"
      },
      {
        "relation": "holds",
        "target": "sovereignty",
        "why": "over a polity"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is contrasted with",
        "target": "ruler",
        "why": "the measuring instrument, a separate sense"
      }
    ],
    "identifiers": [],
    "standards_and_regulation": [
      "Constitutions and succession laws",
      "International law on heads of state and immunity",
      "Traditional and customary law for chiefs"
    ],
    "failure_modes_and_hazards": [
      "Glorifying or condemning without attribution",
      "Confusing senses of ruler",
      "Stale information on current rulers",
      "Contested legitimacy claims"
    ],
    "in_scope": [],
    "out_of_scope": [],
    "characteristics": [],
    "agent_conduct": {
      "may": [
        "Report who ruled where and when from reliable historical and official sources.",
        "Describe the powers and limits of different kinds of ruler."
      ],
      "must_not": [
        "Produce propaganda glorifying a ruler or hiding abuses on a ruler's behalf.",
        "Attribute statements or acts to a ruler without evidence.",
        "Present a disputed claim to rule as uncontested.",
        "Help a ruler identify or target critics and opponents."
      ],
      "requires_human": [
        "Publishing content on rulers in contested or ongoing conflicts."
      ]
    },
    "ethics": {
      "considerations": [
        "Rulers hold power over many lives, so their record must be told honestly.",
        "Critics of rulers are often persecuted, and agents must not aid that."
      ],
      "affected_parties": [
        "Subjects and citizens",
        "Critics and opponents",
        "Victims of abuses"
      ]
    },
    "owners": {
      "steward": "Each ruler answers to the constitution or people of the state they rule.",
      "master_systems": [
        "Official gazettes",
        "State archives"
      ]
    }
  },
  "sources": [
    {
      "id": "wikidata",
      "title": "Wikidata item Q1097498: ruler",
      "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1097498",
      "url_status": "live",
      "what_it_supports": "identity and sense of the item",
      "checked_by": "wikidata-api"
    },
    {
      "id": "wikipedia-de",
      "title": "Wikipedia (de): Herrscher",
      "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herrscher",
      "url_status": "live",
      "checked_by": "wikidata-api sitelink",
      "what_it_supports": "general description of the item"
    }
  ],
  "structure": {
    "bundles": [
      {
        "id": "understand",
        "name": "Understand",
        "description": "What a ruler is.",
        "rationale": "Definition.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "definition",
            "name": "Definition",
            "description": "Definition and kinds.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "definition-finding",
                "name": "Definition",
                "description": "Definition.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What is a ruler in the political sense, and what kinds exist?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Is the question about a political ruler or a measuring ruler?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "legitimacy",
            "name": "Legitimacy",
            "description": "Legitimacy.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "legitimacy-finding",
                "name": "Legitimacy",
                "description": "Legitimacy.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How do rulers gain and justify authority, as political theory describes?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits political legitimacy?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "history",
        "name": "History",
        "description": "Rulers in history.",
        "rationale": "Attribution.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "rulers",
            "name": "Rulers",
            "description": "Notable rulers.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "rulers-finding",
                "name": "Rulers",
                "description": "Rulers.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How do historians assess notable rulers, with interpretations attributed?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits the specific ruler?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "systems",
            "name": "Systems",
            "description": "Systems of rule.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "systems-finding",
                "name": "Systems",
                "description": "Systems.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How have monarchy, empire, chiefdom and republic shaped the ruler role over time?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which references are standard?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "today",
        "name": "Today",
        "description": "Rulers today.",
        "rationale": "Sources.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "current",
            "name": "Current",
            "description": "Current rulers.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "current-finding",
                "name": "Current",
                "description": "Current.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Who rules a given state now, from official sources?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Is the information current?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "constraints",
            "name": "Constraints",
            "description": "Constraints and accountability.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "constraints-finding",
                "name": "Constraints",
                "description": "Constraints.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How are rulers constrained by constitutions, courts and international law, with positions attributed?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Is the presentation neutral?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "context",
        "name": "Context",
        "description": "Theory and culture.",
        "rationale": "Context.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "theory",
            "name": "Theory",
            "description": "Political theory.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "theory-finding",
                "name": "Theory",
                "description": "Theory.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How have thinkers from Plato and Machiavelli to modern theorists analysed rulership?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which sources are cited?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "culture",
            "name": "Culture",
            "description": "Culture.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "culture-finding",
                "name": "Culture",
                "description": "Culture.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How are rulers represented in ceremony, art and literature?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits royal iconography?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  },
  "openQuestions": [
    "Should monarch and head of state be the primary linked entries?",
    "How should reference lists of rulers be linked?",
    "How should the measuring instrument sense be recorded?"
  ],
  "statistics": {
    "bundles": 4,
    "layers": 8,
    "findings": 8,
    "questions": 16
  }
}