{
  "vercy": "1.0-draft",
  "publication": {
    "status": "research-draft",
    "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed",
    "publishableCanonical": false,
    "generatedAt": "2026-09-11T13:11:21Z",
    "providers": [
      "Claude"
    ],
    "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify",
    "pass": 2,
    "wave": 1,
    "engine": "claude",
    "enrichment": {
      "pass": 3,
      "engine": "claude",
      "producedAt": "2026-10-05T18:00:00Z",
      "ingestedAt": "2026-10-05T13:29:36+00:00",
      "fields": [
        "agent_conduct",
        "ethics",
        "owners"
      ]
    },
    "gate": {
      "passed": true,
      "version": "1.0",
      "at": "2026-10-06T19:51:53+00:00",
      "evidence": [
        "completeness 1.00",
        "sense: Wikidata description",
        "2 live sources",
        "review by codex: pass"
      ]
    }
  },
  "metaModel": {
    "id": "THING-Q11345",
    "registryId": "vr.tr.equation",
    "name": "equation",
    "version": "0.2.0-wave.1",
    "entryKind": "thing",
    "family": "Thing Registry",
    "domain": [
      "INF.MED"
    ],
    "status": "research-draft"
  },
  "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q11345/",
  "model": {
    "registry_id": "vr.tr.equation",
    "name": "equation",
    "purpose": "Let an agent explain equations by type, solution method and application, help learners solve them step by step, and avoid personal financial advice when equations model investments.",
    "definition": "A mathematical statement that two expressions are equal, usually containing unknowns to be solved for, such as linear, quadratic, polynomial, differential and difference equations, used throughout science, engineering, economics and finance.",
    "what_it_is_for": "Modelling relationships and finding unknown values.",
    "affordances": [
      "classify an equation",
      "solve equations step by step",
      "check solutions",
      "interpret equations in applications"
    ],
    "distinguishing_features": [
      "States equality",
      "Has unknowns or parameters",
      "May have none, one or many solutions",
      "Used to model systems"
    ],
    "appearance": "Not physical; expressions with an equals sign.",
    "visual_identification": [
      "An equals sign between expressions",
      "Unknowns such as x or y",
      "Inequalities use signs such as less than"
    ],
    "physical_properties": [],
    "families_and_kinds": [
      "linear equations",
      "quadratic and polynomial equations",
      "systems of equations",
      "differential equations",
      "difference equations"
    ],
    "related_models": [
      {
        "relation": "is a kind of",
        "target": "formula",
        "why": "category"
      },
      {
        "relation": "includes",
        "target": "polynomial equation",
        "why": "kind"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is solved by",
        "target": "algebra",
        "why": "method"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is related to",
        "target": "theorem",
        "why": "mathematical statement"
      }
    ],
    "identifiers": [],
    "standards_and_regulation": [
      "ISO 80000-2 mathematical signs and symbols"
    ],
    "failure_modes_and_hazards": [
      "Dividing by zero or losing solutions",
      "Extraneous roots",
      "Treating model equations as guaranteed outcomes"
    ],
    "in_scope": [],
    "out_of_scope": [],
    "characteristics": [],
    "agent_conduct": {
      "may": [
        "Set up, solve and check equations, showing the steps and assumptions.",
        "Explain equations used in science and engineering with their units."
      ],
      "must_not": [
        "Present an approximate or numerical solution as exact without saying so.",
        "Drop units or conditions so that an equation appears to apply where it does not.",
        "Hand students finished answers for assessed work as their own.",
        "Use an equation's results in a safety-critical design without verification."
      ],
      "requires_human": [
        "Relying on computed results for safety-critical engineering decisions."
      ]
    },
    "ethics": {
      "considerations": [
        "Errors in equations behind models can harm many people when decisions rely on them.",
        "Teaching that builds understanding serves learners better than ready answers."
      ],
      "affected_parties": [
        "Students and teachers",
        "Users of models and designs"
      ]
    },
    "owners": {
      "steward": "Nobody owns it; it belongs to mathematics.",
      "master_systems": []
    }
  },
  "sources": [
    {
      "id": "wikidata",
      "title": "Wikidata item Q11345: equation",
      "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11345",
      "url_status": "live",
      "what_it_supports": "identity and sense of the item",
      "checked_by": "wikidata-api"
    },
    {
      "id": "wikipedia-en",
      "title": "Wikipedia: Equation",
      "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equation",
      "url_status": "live",
      "what_it_supports": "general description of the item",
      "checked_by": "wikidata-api sitelink"
    }
  ],
  "structure": {
    "bundles": [
      {
        "id": "classify",
        "name": "Classify",
        "description": "Type.",
        "rationale": "Type determines method.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "type",
            "name": "Type",
            "description": "Equation type.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "type-finding",
                "name": "Type",
                "description": "Equation type.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Is this equation linear, quadratic, differential or another type?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "What are the unknowns?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "solutions",
            "name": "Solutions",
            "description": "Number of solutions.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "solutions-finding",
                "name": "Solutions",
                "description": "Solutions.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How many solutions can this equation have?",
                    "kind": "measurement"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Over which number set?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "solve",
        "name": "Solve",
        "description": "Methods.",
        "rationale": "Steps must be valid.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "steps",
            "name": "Steps",
            "description": "Step by step.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "steps-finding",
                "name": "Steps",
                "description": "Solving.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What are the steps to solve this equation?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Is each step reversible?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "check",
            "name": "Check",
            "description": "Verification.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "check-finding",
                "name": "Check",
                "description": "Checking.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Does the solution satisfy the original equation?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Are there extraneous roots?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "applications",
        "name": "Applications",
        "description": "Models.",
        "rationale": "Equations model the world.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "science",
            "name": "Science",
            "description": "Physical models.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "science-finding",
                "name": "Science",
                "description": "Scientific models.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What does this equation describe in physics or engineering?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "What assumptions does it make?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "finance",
            "name": "Finance",
            "description": "Financial formulas.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "finance-finding",
                "name": "Finance",
                "description": "Financial formulas.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What does this payoff or interest formula calculate, in general terms?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Is the user seeking personal investment advice?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "learning",
        "name": "Learning",
        "description": "Teaching.",
        "rationale": "Practice builds skill.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "explain",
            "name": "Explain",
            "description": "Explaining.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "explain-finding",
                "name": "Explain",
                "description": "Explanation.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How can this type of equation be explained to a beginner?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which misconceptions are common?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "tools",
            "name": "Tools",
            "description": "Software.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "tools-finding",
                "name": "Tools",
                "description": "Tools.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Which tools can solve or graph equations?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "How should results be checked?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  },
  "openQuestions": [
    "Should equation types be separate entries?",
    "How should famous equations be linked?",
    "How should financial formulas be framed?"
  ],
  "statistics": {
    "bundles": 4,
    "layers": 8,
    "findings": 8,
    "questions": 16
  }
}
