{
  "vercy": "1.0-draft",
  "publication": {
    "status": "research-draft",
    "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed",
    "publishableCanonical": false,
    "generatedAt": "2026-09-12T06:00:47Z",
    "providers": [
      "Claude"
    ],
    "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify",
    "pass": 2,
    "wave": 2,
    "engine": "claude",
    "enrichment": {
      "pass": 3,
      "engine": "claude",
      "producedAt": "2026-10-05T23:50:00Z",
      "ingestedAt": "2026-10-05T20:57:02+00:00",
      "fields": [
        "agent_conduct",
        "ethics",
        "owners"
      ]
    },
    "gate": {
      "passed": true,
      "version": "1.0",
      "at": "2026-10-08T19:09:48+00:00",
      "evidence": [
        "completeness 1.00",
        "sense: Wikidata description",
        "2 live sources",
        "review by codex: pass"
      ]
    }
  },
  "metaModel": {
    "id": "THING-Q1148389",
    "registryId": "vr.tr.bollard",
    "name": "bollard",
    "version": "0.2.0-wave.2",
    "entryKind": "thing",
    "family": "Thing Registry",
    "domain": [
      "PHY.BLT"
    ],
    "status": "research-draft"
  },
  "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q1148389/",
  "model": {
    "registry_id": "vr.tr.bollard",
    "name": "bollard",
    "purpose": "Let an agent explain bollards and their kinds and uses in mooring and streets, describe design standards and accessibility considerations, support selection and placement questions, and describe history.",
    "definition": "A short sturdy post, originally a mooring post on a quay or ship for securing ropes, and now also a post set in streets, pavements and squares to control or prevent vehicle access, protect pedestrians and buildings, and mark boundaries, in fixed, removable, rising and impact-resistant forms; bollards are elements of street furniture, port infrastructure and security design and are governed by standards for visibility, spacing and impact.",
    "what_it_is_for": "Posts for mooring and access control.",
    "affordances": [
      "explain kinds and uses",
      "describe standards",
      "support selection and placement",
      "describe history"
    ],
    "distinguishing_features": [
      "Point obstacle",
      "Mooring or access control",
      "Fixed or movable",
      "Standardised"
    ],
    "appearance": "Short posts of metal, stone or concrete.",
    "visual_identification": [
      "Short sturdy post",
      "Mooring bollards, street bollards, security bollards",
      "A barrier is continuous; a fence encloses; a signpost carries a sign"
    ],
    "physical_properties": [
      {
        "quantity": "Exposed height",
        "unit": "m",
        "typical_range": "",
        "note": "Exposed height is measured from the supporting surface to the highest point in the deployed position."
      },
      {
        "quantity": "Maximum body width",
        "unit": "m",
        "typical_range": "",
        "note": "Maximum width is measured across the widest part of the post and includes projecting mooring features."
      },
      {
        "quantity": "Mass",
        "unit": "kg",
        "typical_range": "",
        "note": "Mass is established by weighing or documented component specifications with the included assembly parts stated."
      },
      {
        "quantity": "Embedment depth",
        "unit": "m",
        "typical_range": "",
        "note": "Embedment depth is measured below the supporting surface from installation records or a verified survey."
      }
    ],
    "families_and_kinds": [
      "mooring bollards",
      "fixed street bollards",
      "removable and rising bollards",
      "impact-resistant security bollards",
      "decorative and heritage bollards"
    ],
    "related_models": [
      {
        "relation": "is a kind of",
        "target": "pole",
        "why": "category"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is a kind of",
        "target": "road divider",
        "why": "category"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is related to",
        "target": "fence",
        "why": "another boundary and access feature"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is related to",
        "target": "submarine",
        "why": "vessels moored at quays"
      }
    ],
    "identifiers": [],
    "standards_and_regulation": [
      "Street furniture and accessibility standards",
      "Impact and hostile vehicle mitigation standards",
      "Port mooring equipment standards"
    ],
    "failure_modes_and_hazards": [
      "Hazards to visually impaired pedestrians",
      "Inadequate impact rating",
      "Confusing mooring and street bollards"
    ],
    "in_scope": [],
    "out_of_scope": [],
    "characteristics": [],
    "agent_conduct": {
      "may": [
        "Explain mooring and street bollards and their uses.",
        "Describe accessibility considerations such as contrast and spacing.",
        "Support choosing bollard types for a stated purpose."
      ],
      "must_not": [
        "Present a bollard as impact-rated without certification.",
        "Advise placing bollards that block wheelchair users or trap visually impaired people.",
        "Operate rising bollards without authority or while people are near.",
        "Confuse mooring and street bollards."
      ],
      "requires_human": [
        "Approving hostile vehicle protection for a public space."
      ]
    },
    "ethics": {
      "considerations": [
        "Bollards protect pedestrians from vehicles; poor ratings give false security.",
        "Badly placed bollards hurt blind and disabled people."
      ],
      "affected_parties": [
        "Pedestrians",
        "Disabled people",
        "Drivers"
      ]
    },
    "owners": {
      "steward": "The highway authority or property owner who installs it; the port authority for mooring bollards.",
      "master_systems": []
    }
  },
  "sources": [
    {
      "id": "wikidata",
      "title": "Wikidata item Q1148389: bollard",
      "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1148389",
      "url_status": "live",
      "what_it_supports": "identity and sense of the item",
      "checked_by": "wikidata-api"
    },
    {
      "id": "wikipedia-de",
      "title": "Wikipedia (de): Poller",
      "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poller",
      "url_status": "live",
      "checked_by": "wikidata-api sitelink",
      "what_it_supports": "general description of the item"
    }
  ],
  "structure": {
    "bundles": [
      {
        "id": "understand",
        "name": "Understand",
        "description": "What a bollard is.",
        "rationale": "Design.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "concept",
            "name": "Concept",
            "description": "Concept and kinds.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "concept-finding",
                "name": "Concept",
                "description": "Concept.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What is a bollard, and how do mooring, street, removable, rising and security bollards differ?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which kind is meant?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "mooring",
            "name": "Mooring",
            "description": "Mooring bollards.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "mooring-finding",
                "name": "Mooring",
                "description": "Mooring.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How are mooring bollards designed and used on quays and ships?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits port infrastructure?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "design",
        "name": "Design",
        "description": "Street design.",
        "rationale": "Practice.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "placement",
            "name": "Placement",
            "description": "Selection and placement.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "placement-finding",
                "name": "Placement",
                "description": "Placement.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How should bollards be selected and placed for access control, protection and accessibility at this site?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits street design?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "accessibility",
            "name": "Accessibility",
            "description": "Accessibility.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "accessibility-finding",
                "name": "Accessibility",
                "description": "Accessibility.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What do accessibility guidelines say about bollard height, contrast and spacing for pedestrians with visual impairment?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits accessible design?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "security",
        "name": "Security",
        "description": "Security and standards.",
        "rationale": "Standards.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "security",
            "name": "Security",
            "description": "Security bollards.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "security-finding",
                "name": "Security",
                "description": "Security.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How are impact-resistant bollards rated and used to protect public spaces, in general terms?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Is the request seeking detail that could aid circumvention, which should be declined?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "standards",
            "name": "Standards",
            "description": "Standards.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "standards-finding",
                "name": "Standards",
                "description": "Standards.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Which standards govern street and security bollards?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which references are standard?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "learn",
        "name": "Learn",
        "description": "History and teaching.",
        "rationale": "Education.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "history",
            "name": "History",
            "description": "History.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "history-finding",
                "name": "History",
                "description": "History.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How did bollards develop from mooring posts and reused cannon to modern street furniture?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits street furniture history?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "teach",
            "name": "Teach",
            "description": "Teaching.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "teach-finding",
                "name": "Teach",
                "description": "Teaching.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How can bollards be used to teach urban design?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which misconceptions arise?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  },
  "openQuestions": [
    "Should security bollards be a separate entry?",
    "How should standards be linked?",
    "How should accessibility guidance be linked?"
  ],
  "statistics": {
    "bundles": 4,
    "layers": 8,
    "findings": 8,
    "questions": 16
  }
}