{ "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-11T04:35:51Z", "providers": [ "Claude" ], "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify", "pass": 2, "wave": 1, "engine": "claude", "enrichment": { "pass": 3, "engine": "claude", "producedAt": "2026-10-05T15:00:00Z", "ingestedAt": "2026-10-05T13:11:18+00:00", "fields": [ "agent_conduct", "ethics", "owners" ] }, "gate": { "passed": true, "version": "1.0", "at": "2026-10-06T19:51:53+00:00", "evidence": [ "completeness 1.00", "sense: Wikidata description", "2 live sources", "review by codex: pass" ] } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q11652", "registryId": "vr.tr.frequency", "name": "frequency", "version": "0.2.0-wave.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "XCT.QTY" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q11652/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.frequency", "name": "frequency", "purpose": "Let an agent handle frequency with its unit, its measurement and its many applications, from radio bands to heart rate, and keep the quantity separate from what is oscillating.", "definition": "The number of occurrences of a repeating event per unit of time, measured in hertz, where one hertz is one cycle per second.", "what_it_is_for": "Describing how often something repeats: waves, signals, rotations, heartbeats and events.", "affordances": [ "measure it, with counters, spectrum analysers or by timing", "convert it to period, as the reciprocal", "allocate it, for radio spectrum, under regulation", "filter or tune to it, in electronics" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "The reciprocal of period", "Distinct from angular frequency, which is 2 pi times frequency", "A property of a repeating process, not the process itself", "Rates in per-minute units are frequencies too" ], "appearance": "Not visible directly; shown as a number in hertz, as the spacing of peaks on a trace, or as position on a spectrum display.", "visual_identification": [ "A value with Hz, kHz, MHz or GHz, or per minute for rates", "Peaks on a spectrum plot", "Rates such as heart rate and respiratory rate are frequencies in per-minute units" ], "physical_properties": [ { "quantity": "SI unit", "typical_range": "hertz", "unit": "Hz", "note": "1 Hz = 1 per second" }, { "quantity": "audible sound", "typical_range": "20-20000", "unit": "Hz", "note": "" }, { "quantity": "mains electricity", "typical_range": "50 or 60", "unit": "Hz", "note": "depends on region" } ], "families_and_kinds": [ "temporal frequency of waves and signals", "rotational frequency", "physiological rates: heart rate, respiratory rate", "radio frequency bands" ], "related_models": [ { "relation": "is a kind of", "target": "physical quantity", "why": "SI derived quantity" }, { "relation": "is reciprocal of", "target": "period", "why": "f = 1/T" }, { "relation": "is allocated in", "target": "radio spectrum", "why": "spectrum use is regulated" }, { "relation": "relates to", "target": "wavelength", "why": "for waves, speed equals frequency times wavelength" } ], "identifiers": [ { "scheme": "SI unit symbol", "value_or_pattern": "Hz", "note": "hertz" }, { "scheme": "ITU band designation", "value_or_pattern": "VLF to EHF", "note": "radio bands" } ], "standards_and_regulation": [ "SI Brochure", "ITU Radio Regulations on spectrum allocation", "National spectrum regulators" ], "failure_modes_and_hazards": [ "Confusing frequency and angular frequency by a factor of 2 pi", "Using a frequency without a licence where one is required", "Misreading per-minute rates as per-second" ], "in_scope": [], "out_of_scope": [], "characteristics": [], "agent_conduct": { "may": [ "Measure frequency and report it with its unit.", "Tune equipment it controls to frequencies its licence allows." ], "must_not": [ "Transmit on frequencies without a licence where one is required.", "Jam or interfere with frequencies used by others, especially emergency and aviation services.", "Confuse frequency with angular frequency or per-minute with per-second in safety-critical values." ], "requires_human": [ "Changing transmission frequencies on licensed equipment." ] }, "ethics": { "considerations": [ "Radio spectrum is a shared public resource; interference can endanger lives." ], "affected_parties": [ "Spectrum users", "Emergency and aviation services" ] }, "owners": { "steward": "Nobody owns the quantity; national spectrum regulators manage radio frequency use.", "master_systems": [ "National spectrum licence registers" ] } }, "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata item Q11652: frequency", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11652", "url_status": "live", "what_it_supports": "identity and sense of the item", "checked_by": "wikidata-api" }, { "id": "wikipedia-en", "title": "Wikipedia: Frequency", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frequency", "url_status": "live", "what_it_supports": "general description of the item", "checked_by": "wikidata-api sitelink" } ], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "quantity-and-unit", "name": "Quantity and unit", "description": "What is measured and in what.", "rationale": "The unit and the definition must be explicit to avoid factor errors.", "layers": [ { "id": "definition", "name": "Definition", "description": "Cycles per unit time.", "findings": [ { "id": "definition-finding", "name": "Definition used", "description": "Ordinary or angular frequency.", "questions": [ { "text": "Is this ordinary or angular frequency?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "Of what repeating process?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] }, { "id": "unit", "name": "Unit", "description": "Hertz and multiples, or per minute.", "findings": [ { "id": "unit-finding", "name": "Unit used", "description": "The unit and scale.", "questions": [ { "text": "In which unit is it given?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "How does it convert to hertz?", "kind": "measurement" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "measurement", "name": "Measurement", "description": "How frequency is measured.", "rationale": "Accuracy depends on the reference and the method.", "layers": [ { "id": "method", "name": "Method", "description": "Counting, spectrum, timing.", "findings": [ { "id": "method-finding", "name": "Method used", "description": "The instrument and method.", "questions": [ { "text": "How was the frequency measured?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "What reference oscillator or standard was used?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "stability", "name": "Stability", "description": "Drift and jitter.", "findings": [ { "id": "stability-finding", "name": "Stability data", "description": "How stable the frequency is.", "questions": [ { "text": "How stable is the frequency over time?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "text": "What causes it to drift?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "spectrum", "name": "Spectrum", "description": "Radio frequencies and their use.", "rationale": "Radio frequencies are a regulated, shared resource.", "layers": [ { "id": "allocation", "name": "Allocation", "description": "Bands and services.", "findings": [ { "id": "allocation-finding", "name": "Band allocation", "description": "The band and allocated service.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which band and service does this frequency belong to?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "Is a licence required to transmit on it?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "interference", "name": "Interference", "description": "Harmful interference.", "findings": [ { "id": "interference-finding", "name": "Interference risk", "description": "Risks of interference.", "questions": [ { "text": "What could this transmission interfere with?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "text": "How is interference reported and resolved?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "applications", "name": "Applications", "description": "Where frequency matters.", "rationale": "Frequency appears in medicine, power, audio and communications with different conventions.", "layers": [ { "id": "physiological", "name": "Physiological rates", "description": "Heart and breathing rates.", "findings": [ { "id": "physiological-finding", "name": "Rate context", "description": "The rate and its normal range.", "questions": [ { "text": "What is this rate, and what is the normal range for this person group?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "text": "When must a clinician interpret it?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "power-and-audio", "name": "Power and audio", "description": "Mains and sound.", "findings": [ { "id": "power-and-audio-finding", "name": "Engineering context", "description": "The engineering context.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which mains frequency applies here?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "What frequency range does this audio device handle?", "kind": "measurement" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Should physiological rates be linked to this entry or kept separate?", "How should spectrum allocations be represented per country?", "Should angular frequency be its own entry?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 4, "layers": 8, "findings": 8, "questions": 16 } }