{
  "vercy": "1.0-draft",
  "publication": {
    "status": "research-draft",
    "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed",
    "publishableCanonical": false,
    "generatedAt": "2026-09-11T11:14:07Z",
    "providers": [
      "Claude"
    ],
    "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify",
    "pass": 2,
    "wave": 1,
    "engine": "claude",
    "enrichment": {
      "pass": 3,
      "engine": "claude",
      "producedAt": "2026-10-05T16:30:00Z",
      "ingestedAt": "2026-10-05T13:28:16+00:00",
      "fields": [
        "agent_conduct",
        "ethics",
        "owners"
      ]
    },
    "revisions": [
      {
        "at": "2026-10-06T22:31:22+00:00",
        "engine": "codex",
        "fields": [
          "definition",
          "distinguishing_features",
          "visual_identification"
        ],
        "answering_review": "003cfddea507dcedf57030b4ed648aadba34a38a0e5fd186a046505057493a70"
      }
    ],
    "gate": {
      "passed": true,
      "version": "1.0",
      "at": "2026-10-07T10:10:25+00:00",
      "evidence": [
        "completeness 1.00",
        "sense: Wikidata description",
        "2 live sources",
        "review by codex: pass"
      ]
    }
  },
  "metaModel": {
    "id": "THING-Q1172466",
    "registryId": "vr.tr.data-link",
    "name": "data link",
    "version": "0.2.0-wave.1",
    "entryKind": "thing",
    "family": "Thing Registry",
    "domain": [
      "XCT.REL"
    ],
    "status": "research-draft"
  },
  "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q1172466/",
  "model": {
    "registry_id": "vr.tr.data-link",
    "name": "data link",
    "purpose": "Let an agent handle data links by type, protocol, layer and performance in general civil networking terms, without operational or military detail.",
    "definition": "A telecommunications connection between devices for transmitting digital information over wired or wireless media; specialised forms include airborne and military data links, described here only in general terms. A data link is distinct from the data link layer, a networking layer whose protocols can provide functions such as framing, addressing and error detection over a connection.",
    "what_it_is_for": "Reliable data transfer between connected nodes.",
    "affordances": [
      "explain the data link layer",
      "identify link protocols such as Ethernet and Wi-Fi",
      "troubleshoot link problems",
      "describe aviation data links in general terms"
    ],
    "distinguishing_features": [
      "A data link provides a connection for digital information transfer between devices.",
      "Framing and error detection depend on the protocols used.",
      "The connection can use wired or wireless media.",
      "Data links can use standardised protocols."
    ],
    "appearance": "Cables, radio links and network interfaces; not visible as data.",
    "visual_identification": [
      "A data link connects devices for the transmission of digital information.",
      "Connections can use technologies or protocols such as Ethernet, Wi-Fi and PPP.",
      "Layer 2 frames and MAC addresses are protocol-dependent features rather than the connection itself.",
      "Hyperlinks are a different sense."
    ],
    "physical_properties": [],
    "families_and_kinds": [
      "Ethernet links",
      "wireless links",
      "point-to-point links",
      "satellite links",
      "aviation data links (general)"
    ],
    "related_models": [
      {
        "relation": "is a kind of",
        "target": "telecommunications link",
        "why": "category"
      },
      {
        "relation": "uses",
        "target": "communication protocol",
        "why": "rules"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is part of",
        "target": "OSI model layer 2",
        "why": "model"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is confused with",
        "target": "hyperlink",
        "why": "another sense"
      }
    ],
    "identifiers": [],
    "standards_and_regulation": [
      "IEEE 802 standards",
      "ITU-T recommendations",
      "Aviation communication standards"
    ],
    "failure_modes_and_hazards": [
      "Link failures and errors",
      "Providing military operational detail",
      "Insecure wireless links"
    ],
    "in_scope": [],
    "out_of_scope": [],
    "characteristics": [],
    "agent_conduct": {
      "may": [
        "Monitor data links and report errors and outages on networks it is authorized to manage.",
        "Configure links on equipment it administers according to the operator's policy."
      ],
      "must_not": [
        "Intercept, inject or alter traffic on a link it does not own or administer.",
        "Jam or disrupt data links, especially those used by aircraft, ships or emergency services.",
        "Hide faults on links that carry safety-critical data.",
        "Bypass link-layer security controls such as authentication."
      ],
      "requires_human": [
        "Taking down or reconfiguring a link that others depend on.",
        "Changing links used for safety-critical or military communications."
      ]
    },
    "ethics": {
      "considerations": [
        "Data links carry private communications that must stay confidential.",
        "Links in aviation and emergency services support lives."
      ],
      "affected_parties": [
        "Network users",
        "People relying on safety services",
        "Network operators"
      ]
    },
    "owners": {
      "steward": "The network operator that owns the link; spectrum regulators license radio links.",
      "master_systems": [
        "Radio spectrum licence registers"
      ]
    }
  },
  "sources": [
    {
      "id": "wikidata",
      "title": "Wikidata item Q1172466: data link",
      "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1172466",
      "url_status": "live",
      "what_it_supports": "identity and sense of the item",
      "checked_by": "wikidata-api"
    },
    {
      "id": "wikipedia-en",
      "title": "Wikipedia: Data link",
      "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_link",
      "url_status": "live",
      "what_it_supports": "general description of the item",
      "checked_by": "wikidata-api sitelink"
    }
  ],
  "structure": {
    "bundles": [
      {
        "id": "concept",
        "name": "Concept",
        "description": "What it is.",
        "rationale": "Layers clarify roles.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "layer",
            "name": "Layer",
            "description": "OSI layer 2.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "layer-finding",
                "name": "Layer",
                "description": "Data link layer.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What does the data link layer do?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "How does it differ from the physical and network layers?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "protocols",
            "name": "Protocols",
            "description": "Examples.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "protocols-finding",
                "name": "Protocols",
                "description": "Link protocols.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Which data link protocol is used here?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which standard defines it?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "performance",
        "name": "Performance",
        "description": "Speed and errors.",
        "rationale": "Links have limits.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "capacity",
            "name": "Capacity",
            "description": "Throughput.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "capacity-finding",
                "name": "Capacity",
                "description": "Capacity.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What throughput and latency does the link provide?",
                    "kind": "measurement"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "What limits it?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "errors",
            "name": "Errors",
            "description": "Detection.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "errors-finding",
                "name": "Errors",
                "description": "Error handling.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How are errors detected or corrected on this link?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Are error rates high?",
                    "kind": "measurement"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "operations",
        "name": "Operations",
        "description": "Troubleshooting.",
        "rationale": "Links fail.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "diagnose",
            "name": "Diagnose",
            "description": "Faults.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "diagnose-finding",
                "name": "Diagnose",
                "description": "Troubleshooting.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How can a link fault be diagnosed?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which tools help?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "security",
            "name": "Security",
            "description": "Protection.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "security-finding",
                "name": "Security",
                "description": "Link security.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Is the link encrypted and authenticated?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which standard applies, such as WPA3 or MACsec?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "limits",
        "name": "Limits",
        "description": "Agent conduct.",
        "rationale": "No military detail.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "military",
            "name": "Military",
            "description": "Tactical links.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "military-finding",
                "name": "Military",
                "description": "Military limits.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Does the request seek operational or tactical military data link detail?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "How should the agent decline?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "senses",
            "name": "Senses",
            "description": "Disambiguation.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "senses-finding",
                "name": "Senses",
                "description": "Other senses.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Is a hyperlink or a data connection in general meant?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  },
  "openQuestions": [
    "Should link technologies be separate entries?",
    "How should standards be linked?",
    "How should military content be excluded?"
  ],
  "statistics": {
    "bundles": 4,
    "layers": 8,
    "findings": 8,
    "questions": 16
  }
}