{
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  "publication": {
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      "ingestedAt": "2026-10-05T20:51:34+00:00",
      "fields": [
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        "owners"
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  "metaModel": {
    "id": "THING-Q1188698",
    "registryId": "vr.tr.thought-disorder",
    "name": "thought disorder",
    "version": "0.2.0-wave.2",
    "entryKind": "thing",
    "family": "Thing Registry",
    "domain": [
      "XCT.STA"
    ],
    "status": "research-draft"
  },
  "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q1188698/",
  "model": {
    "registry_id": "vr.tr.thought-disorder",
    "name": "thought disorder",
    "purpose": "Let an agent explain thought disorder and its forms in general terms with attribution to clinical sources, describe how it is assessed and the conditions in which it occurs, counter stigma, and route personal questions to mental health professionals.",
    "definition": "A disturbance in the form, organisation, content or stream of thinking, observed in speech and behaviour as features such as loosening of associations, perseveration, paralogical or atactic thinking, and symbolic or pseudophilosophical thinking, occurring in conditions such as schizophrenia, mood disorders and delirium; everyday absent-mindedness alone is not a clinical thought disorder. Thought disorder is assessed clinically as a psychopathological symptom, and this entry gives general information only, not diagnosis or advice.",
    "what_it_is_for": "Disturbances in the form or content of thought.",
    "affordances": [
      "explain forms generally",
      "describe assessment and conditions",
      "counter stigma",
      "route personal questions"
    ],
    "distinguishing_features": [
      "Psychopathological symptom",
      "Formal and content types",
      "Clinical assessment",
      "Associated with several conditions"
    ],
    "appearance": "Not visible; inferred from speech and behaviour.",
    "visual_identification": [
      "Disturbed organisation or content of thinking",
      "Formal and content forms",
      "Delusions are content; disorganised speech reflects formal thought disorder"
    ],
    "physical_properties": [],
    "families_and_kinds": [
      "formal thought disorder such as loosening of associations",
      "perseveration and poverty of thought",
      "paralogical and atactic thinking",
      "symbolic and pseudophilosophical thinking",
      "milder forms such as absent-mindedness"
    ],
    "related_models": [
      {
        "relation": "is a kind of",
        "target": "psychopathological symptom",
        "why": "category"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is related to",
        "target": "psychosis",
        "why": "conditions with thought disorder"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is related to",
        "target": "psychologist",
        "why": "clinicians who assess"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is related to",
        "target": "reason",
        "why": "ordinary reasoning contrast"
      }
    ],
    "identifiers": [],
    "standards_and_regulation": [
      "Diagnostic classifications",
      "Clinical assessment scales",
      "Mental health law"
    ],
    "failure_modes_and_hazards": [
      "Agents diagnosing individuals",
      "Stigmatising language",
      "Confusing everyday absent-mindedness with clinical disorder"
    ],
    "in_scope": [],
    "out_of_scope": [],
    "characteristics": [],
    "agent_conduct": {
      "may": [
        "Explain what thought disorder means clinically, with sources.",
        "Suggest that a person worried about their own or another's thinking speak to a qualified clinician.",
        "Provide immediate supportive guidance and referral to crisis services or emergency help without waiting for human review."
      ],
      "must_not": [
        "Diagnose thought disorder in a specific person from their writing or speech.",
        "Use the term to insult, discredit or dismiss someone's views.",
        "Confuse everyday absent-mindedness with a clinical disorder.",
        "Disclose a person's psychiatric assessment without their consent or lawful basis."
      ],
      "requires_human": [
        "Clinical assessment, treatment decisions and decisions about coercive intervention during a mental health crisis require appropriately qualified human involvement."
      ]
    },
    "ethics": {
      "considerations": [
        "Labelling someone as disordered can strip them of credibility and rights.",
        "People with psychosis already face strong stigma and deserve dignity."
      ],
      "affected_parties": [
        "People with psychiatric conditions",
        "Their families",
        "Patients in care"
      ]
    },
    "owners": {
      "steward": "Nobody owns the concept; clinicians assess it and health records belong to the patient's care provider.",
      "master_systems": []
    }
  },
  "sources": [
    {
      "id": "wikidata",
      "title": "Wikidata item Q1188698: thought disorder",
      "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1188698",
      "url_status": "live",
      "what_it_supports": "identity and sense of the item",
      "checked_by": "wikidata-api"
    },
    {
      "id": "wikipedia-en",
      "title": "Wikipedia: Thought disorder",
      "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thought_disorder",
      "url_status": "live",
      "what_it_supports": "general description of the item",
      "checked_by": "wikidata-api sitelink"
    }
  ],
  "structure": {
    "bundles": [
      {
        "id": "understand",
        "name": "Understand",
        "description": "What thought disorder is.",
        "rationale": "General information.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "forms",
            "name": "Forms",
            "description": "Forms and features.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "forms-finding",
                "name": "Forms",
                "description": "Forms.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What are the forms of thought disorder described in psychopathology, from loosening of associations and perseveration to paralogical and symbolic thinking?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Is the user asking about themselves or someone else, which needs a mental health professional?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "conditions",
            "name": "Conditions",
            "description": "Associated conditions.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "conditions-finding",
                "name": "Conditions",
                "description": "Conditions.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "In which conditions does thought disorder occur, and how does it differ between them, according to clinical sources?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits a specific condition?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "assess",
        "name": "Assess",
        "description": "Assessment and care.",
        "rationale": "Medicine.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "assessment",
            "name": "Assessment",
            "description": "Clinical assessment.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "assessment-finding",
                "name": "Assessment",
                "description": "Assessment.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How do clinicians assess thought disorder through interview and rating scales?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Is someone in crisis now, needing crisis services?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "treatment",
            "name": "Treatment",
            "description": "Treatment and support.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "treatment-finding",
                "name": "Treatment",
                "description": "Treatment.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How is thought disorder addressed through treatment of underlying conditions, according to guidelines?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits mental health services?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "society",
        "name": "Society",
        "description": "Stigma and language.",
        "rationale": "Attribution.",
        "layers": [
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            "id": "stigma",
            "name": "Stigma",
            "description": "Stigma.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "stigma-finding",
                "name": "Stigma",
                "description": "Stigma.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How is stigma around disordered thinking documented, and what language do clinicians and people with lived experience recommend?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Is the presentation non-stigmatising?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "everyday",
            "name": "Everyday",
            "description": "Everyday versus clinical.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "everyday-finding",
                "name": "Everyday",
                "description": "Everyday.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How does everyday absent-mindedness differ from clinical thought disorder?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which misconceptions arise?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "learn",
        "name": "Learn",
        "description": "Research and history.",
        "rationale": "Education.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "research",
            "name": "Research",
            "description": "Research.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "research-finding",
                "name": "Research",
                "description": "Research.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What is known about the cognitive and neural basis of thought disorder, according to research?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which findings are contested?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "history",
            "name": "History",
            "description": "History.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "history-finding",
                "name": "History",
                "description": "History.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How did the concept develop in psychiatry from Bleuler onward?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which references are standard?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  },
  "openQuestions": [
    "Should each form be a separate entry?",
    "How should assessment scales be linked?",
    "How should support resources be linked?"
  ],
  "statistics": {
    "bundles": 4,
    "layers": 8,
    "findings": 8,
    "questions": 16
  }
}
