{
  "vercy": "1.0-draft",
  "publication": {
    "status": "research-draft",
    "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed",
    "publishableCanonical": false,
    "generatedAt": "2026-10-22T12:45:01Z",
    "providers": [
      "Claude"
    ],
    "breadth": "researched by Claude against the sources listed below",
    "pass": 2,
    "wave": 5,
    "engine": "claude",
    "gate": {
      "passed": true,
      "version": "1.0",
      "at": "2026-10-22T12:54:35+00:00",
      "evidence": [
        "completeness 1.00",
        "sense: Wikidata description",
        "8 live sources",
        "review by codex: pass"
      ]
    }
  },
  "metaModel": {
    "id": "THING-Q12090",
    "registryId": "vr.tr.cholera",
    "name": "cholera",
    "version": "0.2.0-wave.5",
    "entryKind": "thing",
    "family": "Thing Registry",
    "domain": [
      "ACT.ACT"
    ],
    "status": "research-draft"
  },
  "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q12090/",
  "model": {
    "registry_id": "vr.tr.cholera",
    "name": "cholera",
    "purpose": "Let an agent explain cholera, transmission, prevention and treatment in general terms, and point to WHO and public health guidance, without diagnosing.",
    "definition": "An acute diarrhoeal infection of the small intestine caused by toxigenic strains of the bacterium Vibrio cholerae (serogroups O1 and O139), spread through contaminated water and food; severe cases cause rapid dehydration and can be fatal within hours without treatment, which is mainly oral or intravenous rehydration.",
    "what_it_is_for": null,
    "affordances": [
      "explain causes and transmission",
      "explain prevention (water, sanitation, vaccines)",
      "explain treatment principles (rehydration)",
      "point to outbreak information from WHO"
    ],
    "distinguishing_features": [
      "Most infected people have mild or no symptoms but can spread the bacteria.",
      "Oral rehydration solution can treat most cases; antibiotics are added for severe cases.",
      "Oral cholera vaccines are WHO-prequalified and used in outbreaks through a global stockpile."
    ],
    "appearance": null,
    "visual_identification": [
      "Profuse watery 'rice-water' diarrhoea; diagnosis by clinicians and laboratories"
    ],
    "physical_properties": [
      {
        "quantity": "incubation period",
        "typical_range": "about 12 hours to 5 days",
        "unit": "",
        "note": "per WHO"
      }
    ],
    "families_and_kinds": [
      "Vibrio cholerae O1 (classical and El Tor biotypes)",
      "Vibrio cholerae O139",
      "endemic cholera",
      "epidemic cholera"
    ],
    "related_models": [
      {
        "relation": "is caused by",
        "target": "Vibrio cholerae",
        "why": "bacterium"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is prevented by",
        "target": "water, sanitation and hygiene",
        "why": "measures"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is treated by",
        "target": "oral rehydration therapy",
        "why": "treatment"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is related to",
        "target": "Global Task Force on Cholera Control",
        "why": "coordination"
      }
    ],
    "identifiers": [
      {
        "scheme": "ICD-10",
        "value_or_pattern": "A00",
        "note": "cholera"
      },
      {
        "scheme": "ICD-11",
        "value_or_pattern": "1A00",
        "note": "cholera"
      }
    ],
    "standards_and_regulation": [
      "International Health Regulations (2005), with notification decided through the Annex 2 assessment",
      "WHO cholera guidelines and Ending Cholera roadmap 2030"
    ],
    "failure_modes_and_hazards": [
      "Rapid death from dehydration",
      "Large outbreaks after disasters and conflict"
    ],
    "agent_conduct": {
      "may": [
        "give general information and point to WHO guidance"
      ],
      "must_not": [
        "diagnose or prescribe"
      ],
      "requires_human": [
        "suspected cases to health services urgently"
      ]
    },
    "ethics": {
      "considerations": [
        "health equity",
        "access to clean water"
      ],
      "affected_parties": [
        "affected communities"
      ]
    },
    "owners": {
      "steward": "nobody; a disease",
      "master_systems": [
        "WHO",
        "ICD (WHO)"
      ]
    },
    "facets_not_applicable": {},
    "in_scope": [],
    "out_of_scope": [],
    "characteristics": []
  },
  "sources": [
    {
      "id": "SRC-001",
      "title": "Q12090",
      "publisher": "Wikidata",
      "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12090",
      "what_it_supports": "identity of the registry item, labels and sitelinks",
      "url_status": "live"
    },
    {
      "id": "SRC-002",
      "title": "Cholera",
      "publisher": "Wikipedia",
      "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cholera",
      "what_it_supports": "general description of the subject",
      "url_status": "live"
    },
    {
      "id": "SRC-003",
      "title": "Cholera",
      "publisher": "World Health Organization",
      "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/cholera",
      "what_it_supports": "Transmission, incubation, symptoms, dehydration, general treatment principles, prevention, vaccination and the 2030 roadmap.",
      "url_status": "live"
    },
    {
      "id": "SRC-004",
      "title": "Cholera - CDC Yellow Book",
      "publisher": "Centers for Disease Control and Prevention",
      "url": "https://www.cdc.gov/yellow-book/hcp/travel-associated-infections-diseases/cholera.html",
      "what_it_supports": "Toxigenic O1 and O139, classical and El Tor biotypes, and distinction from other cholera-like infections.",
      "url_status": "live"
    },
    {
      "id": "SRC-005",
      "title": "WHO guidance for the use of Annex 2",
      "publisher": "World Health Organization",
      "url": "https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/documents/emergencies/who-guidance-for-use-of-annex-2.pdf",
      "what_it_supports": "Conditional IHR notification; includes a cholera outbreak example that does not meet notification criteria.",
      "url_status": "live"
    },
    {
      "id": "SRC-006",
      "title": "National case definition: Cholera",
      "publisher": "Public Health Agency of Canada",
      "url": "https://www.canada.ca/en/public-health/services/diseases/cholera/professionals/national-case-definition.html",
      "what_it_supports": "Clinical and laboratory distinctions; ICD-11 1A00 and ICD-10 A00 subcategories.",
      "url_status": "live"
    },
    {
      "id": "SRC-007",
      "title": "Cholera Outbreak Toolbox",
      "publisher": "World Health Organization",
      "url": "https://www.who.int/emergencies/outbreak-toolkit/disease-outbreak-toolboxes/cholera-outbreak-toolbox",
      "what_it_supports": "Suspected, probable and confirmed outbreak definitions.",
      "url_status": "live"
    },
    {
      "id": "SRC-008",
      "title": "Cholera Infantum",
      "publisher": "National Center for Biotechnology Information, MedGen",
      "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/medgen/327988",
      "what_it_supports": "Separate concept for cholera infantum; supports retaining the draft's merge-review question.",
      "url_status": "live"
    }
  ],
  "structure": {
    "bundles": [
      {
        "id": "disease",
        "name": "Disease",
        "description": "Which form.",
        "rationale": "Strain and setting.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "agent",
            "name": "Agent",
            "description": "Serogroup.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "agent",
                "name": "Agent",
                "description": "Serogroup and biotype.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Which serogroup?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Per which laboratory?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "setting",
            "name": "Setting",
            "description": "Endemic or outbreak.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "setting",
                "name": "Setting",
                "description": "Type.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Endemic or outbreak?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Per which agency?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "transmission",
        "name": "Transmission",
        "description": "Spread.",
        "rationale": "Water and food spread it.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "sources",
            "name": "Sources",
            "description": "Contamination.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "source",
                "name": "Source",
                "description": "Description.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What is the likely source?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Per which investigation?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "prevention",
            "name": "Prevention",
            "description": "Measures.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "prevention",
                "name": "Prevention",
                "description": "Measure.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Which prevention measures?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Per WHO guidance?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "care",
        "name": "Care",
        "description": "Treatment.",
        "rationale": "Rehydration saves lives.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "rehydration",
            "name": "Rehydration",
            "description": "Fluids.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "rehydration",
                "name": "Rehydration",
                "description": "Approach.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Which rehydration approach?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Per which guideline?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "vaccines",
            "name": "Vaccines",
            "description": "Prevention.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "vaccine",
                "name": "Vaccine",
                "description": "Name.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Which vaccines are available?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Per WHO prequalification?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "surveillance",
        "name": "Surveillance",
        "description": "Data.",
        "rationale": "Data come from WHO.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "cases",
            "name": "Cases",
            "description": "Counts.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "cases",
                "name": "Cases",
                "description": "Suspected, probable and confirmed cases, with reporting authority, case definition and period.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How many cases?",
                    "kind": "measurement"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Per which report?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "response",
            "name": "Response",
            "description": "Actions.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "response",
                "name": "Response",
                "description": "Action.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What response is under way?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "By which agency?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  },
  "openQuestions": [
    "The registry merges cholera infantum, a historical term for infant diarrhoea not caused by Vibrio cholerae; it needs review."
  ],
  "statistics": {
    "bundles": 4,
    "layers": 8,
    "findings": 8,
    "questions": 16
  }
}