{
  "vercy": "1.0-draft",
  "publication": {
    "status": "research-draft",
    "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed",
    "publishableCanonical": false,
    "generatedAt": "2026-09-11T05:00:00Z",
    "providers": [
      "Claude"
    ],
    "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify",
    "pass": 2,
    "wave": 1,
    "engine": "claude",
    "enrichment": {
      "pass": 3,
      "engine": "claude",
      "producedAt": "2026-10-05T16:30:00Z",
      "ingestedAt": "2026-10-05T13:21:22+00:00",
      "fields": [
        "agent_conduct",
        "ethics",
        "owners"
      ]
    },
    "gate": {
      "passed": true,
      "version": "1.0",
      "at": "2026-10-06T19:51:53+00:00",
      "evidence": [
        "completeness 1.00",
        "sense: Wikidata description",
        "2 live sources",
        "review by codex: pass"
      ]
    }
  },
  "metaModel": {
    "id": "THING-Q12503",
    "registryId": "vr.tr.integer",
    "name": "integer",
    "version": "0.2.0-wave.1",
    "entryKind": "thing",
    "family": "Thing Registry",
    "domain": [
      "XCT.QTY"
    ],
    "status": "research-draft"
  },
  "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q12503/",
  "model": {
    "registry_id": "vr.tr.integer",
    "name": "integer",
    "purpose": "Let an agent reason about integers mathematically and in computing, where fixed-width representations add overflow and signedness issues.",
    "definition": "A number that is zero, a positive whole number or the negative of one: ..., -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, ...; the set Z.",
    "what_it_is_for": "Counting, indexing, identifiers and exact arithmetic.",
    "affordances": [
      "add, subtract and multiply, staying within the integers",
      "divide with remainder",
      "store it, in fixed or arbitrary precision",
      "use it as an identifier, such as a process id or block address"
    ],
    "distinguishing_features": [
      "Whole numbers, positive, negative and zero",
      "Closed under addition, subtraction and multiplication, not division",
      "Computer integers have fixed ranges unless arbitrary precision",
      "Numeric identifiers are not quantities"
    ],
    "appearance": "Digits without a fractional part, optionally with a minus sign.",
    "visual_identification": [
      "Numerals with no decimal point",
      "Types such as int32, int64, BigInt in code",
      "Identifiers that look like integers are labels, not quantities"
    ],
    "physical_properties": [
      {
        "quantity": "int32 range",
        "typical_range": "-2147483648 to 2147483647",
        "unit": "dimensionless",
        "note": ""
      },
      {
        "quantity": "int64 maximum",
        "typical_range": "9223372036854775807",
        "unit": "dimensionless",
        "note": ""
      }
    ],
    "families_and_kinds": [
      "natural numbers and non-negative integers",
      "even and odd integers",
      "primes",
      "signed and unsigned machine integers"
    ],
    "related_models": [
      {
        "relation": "is a kind of",
        "target": "number",
        "why": "the set Z"
      },
      {
        "relation": "has property",
        "target": "sign",
        "why": "positive, negative or zero"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is used as",
        "target": "identifier",
        "why": "numeric labels"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is confused with",
        "target": "floating-point number",
        "why": "approximate reals"
      }
    ],
    "identifiers": [
      {
        "scheme": "OEIS",
        "value_or_pattern": "A-numbers",
        "note": "integer sequences"
      }
    ],
    "standards_and_regulation": [
      "ISO 80000-2 notation",
      "ISO/IEC 9899 C and other language standards defining integer types"
    ],
    "failure_modes_and_hazards": [
      "Integer overflow and wraparound",
      "Signed and unsigned mismatches",
      "Rounding when integers pass through floating point, such as in JSON beyond 2^53",
      "Doing arithmetic on identifiers"
    ],
    "in_scope": [],
    "out_of_scope": [],
    "characteristics": [],
    "agent_conduct": {
      "may": [
        "Perform integer arithmetic within stated bounds and check for overflow.",
        "Store large integers, such as identifiers, as strings where floating point would round them."
      ],
      "must_not": [
        "Let integers silently overflow or wrap in calculations that matter.",
        "Mix signed and unsigned integers without checking.",
        "Do arithmetic on identifiers that only look like numbers."
      ],
      "requires_human": [
        "Changing integer types in systems that hold money or safety values."
      ]
    },
    "ethics": {
      "considerations": [
        "Integer errors have caused failures in finance, aviation and medicine."
      ],
      "affected_parties": [
        "Users of software",
        "People whose records are counted"
      ]
    },
    "owners": {
      "steward": "Nobody owns the integers; they are held in common.",
      "master_systems": []
    }
  },
  "sources": [
    {
      "id": "wikidata",
      "title": "Wikidata item Q12503: integer",
      "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12503",
      "url_status": "live",
      "what_it_supports": "identity and sense of the item",
      "checked_by": "wikidata-api"
    },
    {
      "id": "wikipedia-en",
      "title": "Wikipedia: Integer",
      "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integer",
      "url_status": "live",
      "what_it_supports": "general description of the item",
      "checked_by": "wikidata-api sitelink"
    }
  ],
  "structure": {
    "bundles": [
      {
        "id": "mathematics",
        "name": "Mathematics",
        "description": "Properties of integers.",
        "rationale": "Mathematical properties underpin all use.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "arithmetic",
            "name": "Arithmetic",
            "description": "Operations and closure.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "arithmetic-finding",
                "name": "Operations",
                "description": "Operations and results.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Does the operation stay within the integers?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "How is division with remainder defined here for negatives?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "properties",
            "name": "Properties",
            "description": "Parity, primality, divisibility.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "properties-finding",
                "name": "Properties",
                "description": "Number-theoretic properties.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Is it even or odd, prime or composite?",
                    "kind": "measurement"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "What are its divisors?",
                    "kind": "measurement"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "representation",
        "name": "Representation",
        "description": "In computers.",
        "rationale": "Fixed-width integers behave differently from mathematical ones.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "width",
            "name": "Width and sign",
            "description": "int32, int64, unsigned.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "width-finding",
                "name": "Type",
                "description": "The type and range.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Which integer type holds this value, and what is its range?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Is it signed or unsigned?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "overflow",
            "name": "Overflow",
            "description": "Wraparound and errors.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "overflow-finding",
                "name": "Overflow handling",
                "description": "How overflow is handled.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Can this calculation overflow?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Is overflow checked, wrapped or saturated?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "interchange",
        "name": "Interchange",
        "description": "Passing integers between systems.",
        "rationale": "Formats can silently lose precision.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "formats",
            "name": "Formats",
            "description": "JSON, CSV, databases.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "formats-finding",
                "name": "Format limits",
                "description": "Limits of formats.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Will this integer survive the format without loss?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Should it be sent as a string?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "parsing",
            "name": "Parsing",
            "description": "Leading zeros and separators.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "parsing-finding",
                "name": "Parsing rules",
                "description": "Parsing rules.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How are leading zeros and separators handled?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Is the value an identifier rather than a number?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "identifiers",
        "name": "Identifiers",
        "description": "Integers as labels.",
        "rationale": "Many integers are labels, not quantities.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "label",
            "name": "Label or quantity",
            "description": "Nature of the value.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "label-finding",
                "name": "Nature",
                "description": "Whether the integer is a label.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Is this integer a quantity or a label?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "What operations make sense on it?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "uniqueness",
            "name": "Uniqueness",
            "description": "Scope of identifiers.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "uniqueness-finding",
                "name": "Scope",
                "description": "Where the identifier is unique.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Within what scope is this identifier unique?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Can it be reused?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  },
  "openQuestions": [
    "Should machine integer types be separate entries?",
    "How should identifiers be marked so they are not treated as quantities?",
    "The registry entry has merged aliases such as house numbers; should they be split off?"
  ],
  "statistics": {
    "bundles": 4,
    "layers": 8,
    "findings": 8,
    "questions": 16
  }
}