{ "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-13T00:04:25Z", "providers": [ "Claude" ], "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify", "pass": 2, "wave": 3, "engine": "claude", "enrichment": { "pass": 3, "engine": "claude", "producedAt": "2026-10-06T10:00:00Z", "ingestedAt": "2026-10-06T06:57:02+00:00", "fields": [ "agent_conduct", "ethics", "owners" ] }, "gate": { "passed": true, "version": "1.0", "at": "2026-10-06T19:51:54+00:00", "evidence": [ "completeness 1.00", "sense: Wikidata description", "2 live sources", "review by codex: pass" ] } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q1388", "registryId": "vr.tr.neodymium", "name": "neodymium", "version": "0.2.0-wave.3", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "PHY.MAT" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q1388/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.neodymium", "name": "neodymium", "purpose": "Let an agent identify neodymium and its properties, relay production, uses, isotopes and supply issues from reference sources, explain its role in magnets and the energy transition, and distinguish it from neighbouring lanthanides.", "definition": "A chemical element with symbol Nd and atomic number 60, a soft, silvery lanthanide that tarnishes in air and is among the more abundant rare earths; neodymium is best known for neodymium-iron-boron magnets, the strongest permanent magnets, used in motors, wind turbines, hard drives and speakers, and is also used in lasers, glass colouring and catalysts, with seven natural isotopes including the long-lived neodymium-144.", "what_it_is_for": "Permanent magnets, lasers, glass and catalysts.", "affordances": [ "relay properties and isotopes", "explain production and uses", "relay supply and policy issues", "distinguish from other lanthanides" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Strongest permanent magnets", "Critical material status", "Laser and glass uses", "Coloured salts" ], "appearance": "A silvery metal that develops an oxide layer in air; its salts are violet to pink.", "visual_identification": [ "Element 60, symbol Nd", "Lanthanide of strong magnets", "Praseodymium and promethium are the neighbouring lanthanides" ], "physical_properties": [ { "quantity": "atomic number", "typical_range": "60", "unit": "Z", "note": "" }, { "quantity": "standard atomic weight", "typical_range": "144.242", "unit": "u", "note": "" }, { "quantity": "melting point", "typical_range": "1024", "unit": "degrees C", "note": "" }, { "quantity": "density", "typical_range": "7.01", "unit": "g/cm3", "note": "" } ], "families_and_kinds": [ "neodymium metal and alloys", "neodymium compounds such as the oxide and glass dopants", "isotopes from neodymium-124 to neodymium-161, with seven natural and Nd-144 and Nd-150 very weakly radioactive", "neodymium in magnets, lasers and catalysts" ], "related_models": [ { "relation": "is a kind of", "target": "lanthanide", "why": "in registry terms" }, { "relation": "is a kind of", "target": "rare earth element", "why": "in general terms" }, { "relation": "is used in", "target": "neodymium magnet", "why": "the main application" }, { "relation": "is adjacent to", "target": "praseodymium", "why": "element 59" } ], "identifiers": [ { "scheme": "symbol", "value_or_pattern": "Nd", "note": "" }, { "scheme": "CAS", "value_or_pattern": "7440-00-8", "note": "" } ], "standards_and_regulation": [ "Critical raw material listings in the EU, US and elsewhere", "Rare earth export controls", "Chemical safety data sheets", "Magnet recycling rules under development" ], "failure_modes_and_hazards": [ "Supply concentration and export restrictions", "Environmental impact of mining", "Strong magnet hazards such as pinching and pacemaker interference" ], "in_scope": [], "out_of_scope": [], "characteristics": [], "agent_conduct": { "may": [ "Report neodymium's properties, sources and uses from reliable references.", "Track neodymium content in magnets and devices for recycling where it is authorized to manage them." ], "must_not": [ "Handle neodymium powder or dust without the controls that prevent fire and inhalation.", "Misstate the origin of neodymium to hide sourcing from conflict areas or abusive mining.", "Dispose of rare earth processing waste in ways that contaminate land or water.", "Treat strong neodymium magnets as harmless toys near children." ], "requires_human": [ "Sourcing decisions that depend on the labour and environmental record of a mine or refinery." ] }, "ethics": { "considerations": [ "Rare earth mining and refining leave toxic and sometimes radioactive waste near poor communities.", "Concentrated supply makes neodymium a lever in trade and political disputes." ], "affected_parties": [ "Mining and refinery communities", "Children who swallow loose magnets", "Recycling workers" ] }, "owners": { "steward": "Nobody owns the element; the holder of a mine, stock or product answers for that material.", "master_systems": [] } }, "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata item Q1388: neodymium", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1388", "url_status": "live", "what_it_supports": "identity and sense of the item", "checked_by": "wikidata-api" }, { "id": "wikipedia-en", "title": "Wikipedia: Neodymium", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neodymium", "url_status": "live", "what_it_supports": "general description of the item", "checked_by": "wikidata-api sitelink" } ], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identify", "name": "Identify", "description": "What neodymium is.", "rationale": "Identity.", "layers": [ { "id": "properties", "name": "Properties", "description": "Properties.", "findings": [ { "id": "properties-finding", "name": "Properties", "description": "Properties.", "questions": [ { "text": "What are the physical and chemical properties of neodymium?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "Is the question about neodymium or a neighbouring lanthanide?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "isotopes", "name": "Isotopes", "description": "Isotopes.", "findings": [ { "id": "isotopes-finding", "name": "Isotopes", "description": "Isotopes.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which isotopes exist, and which are used in dating and research?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "Which entry fits the specific isotope?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "source", "name": "Source", "description": "Supply.", "rationale": "Supply.", "layers": [ { "id": "production", "name": "Production", "description": "Mining and separation.", "findings": [ { "id": "production-finding", "name": "Production", "description": "Production.", "questions": [ { "text": "Where is neodymium mined and separated, and who produces it, with sources?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which sources are cited?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "policy", "name": "Policy", "description": "Critical material policy.", "findings": [ { "id": "policy-finding", "name": "Policy", "description": "Policy.", "questions": [ { "text": "Why is neodymium listed as critical, and what policies address supply, with positions attributed?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Is the presentation neutral?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "use", "name": "Use", "description": "Uses and safety.", "rationale": "Application.", "layers": [ { "id": "magnets", "name": "Magnets", "description": "Magnets.", "findings": [ { "id": "magnets-finding", "name": "Magnets", "description": "Magnets.", "questions": [ { "text": "How are neodymium magnets made and used in motors, turbines and electronics?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits neodymium magnet?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "other", "name": "Other", "description": "Lasers, glass and safety.", "findings": [ { "id": "other-finding", "name": "Other", "description": "Other.", "questions": [ { "text": "How is neodymium used in lasers and glass, and what hazards do strong magnets present?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which references are standard?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "context", "name": "Context", "description": "History and recycling.", "rationale": "Context.", "layers": [ { "id": "discovery", "name": "Discovery", "description": "Discovery.", "findings": [ { "id": "discovery-finding", "name": "Discovery", "description": "Discovery.", "questions": [ { "text": "How was neodymium separated from didymium by Auer von Welsbach in 1885?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits the history of the rare earths?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "recycling", "name": "Recycling", "description": "Recycling.", "findings": [ { "id": "recycling-finding", "name": "Recycling", "description": "Recycling.", "questions": [ { "text": "How are neodymium magnets recycled, and what progress has been made?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits rare earth recycling?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Should neodymium magnet be the primary linked entry?", "How should supply data be linked?", "The registry entry has merged aliases naming isotopes; should they be split off?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 4, "layers": 8, "findings": 8, "questions": 16 } }