{
  "vercy": "1.0-draft",
  "publication": {
    "status": "research-draft",
    "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed",
    "publishableCanonical": false,
    "generatedAt": "2026-09-11T11:14:07Z",
    "providers": [
      "Claude"
    ],
    "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify",
    "pass": 2,
    "wave": 1,
    "engine": "claude",
    "enrichment": {
      "pass": 3,
      "engine": "claude",
      "producedAt": "2026-10-05T16:30:00Z",
      "ingestedAt": "2026-10-05T13:28:16+00:00",
      "fields": [
        "agent_conduct",
        "ethics",
        "owners"
      ]
    },
    "revisions": [
      {
        "at": "2026-10-06T22:36:29+00:00",
        "engine": "codex",
        "fields": [
          "agent_conduct",
          "definition",
          "distinguishing_features",
          "ethics",
          "owners",
          "purpose"
        ],
        "answering_review": "3df14bce347b79f219b7292910a4f1d84a4ffaea07dbb503fb77a60130d53a92"
      }
    ],
    "gate": {
      "passed": true,
      "version": "1.0",
      "at": "2026-10-07T10:10:26+00:00",
      "evidence": [
        "completeness 1.00",
        "sense: Wikidata description",
        "2 live sources",
        "review by codex: pass"
      ]
    }
  },
  "metaModel": {
    "id": "THING-Q1613416",
    "registryId": "vr.tr.population-size",
    "name": "population size",
    "version": "0.2.0-wave.1",
    "entryKind": "thing",
    "family": "Thing Registry",
    "domain": [
      "XCT.QTY"
    ],
    "status": "research-draft"
  },
  "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q1613416/",
  "model": {
    "registry_id": "vr.tr.population-size",
    "name": "population size",
    "purpose": "Let an agent handle counts of inhabitants by place, geographic boundaries, residence definition, data source, date and uncertainty, avoiding comparisons across incompatible definitions.",
    "definition": "The number of inhabitants of a given place at a specified reference date, determined by a census or estimated using surveys, administrative records or modelling, with the place's boundaries and the definition of inhabitant stated.",
    "what_it_is_for": "Planning, research, conservation and democracy.",
    "affordances": [
      "find population figures with sources and dates",
      "understand estimation methods",
      "compare populations consistently",
      "report uncertainty"
    ],
    "distinguishing_features": [
      "Population size counts the inhabitants of a given place.",
      "The count depends on geographic boundaries and the definition of inhabitant.",
      "Population size changes over time.",
      "Population size is often estimated."
    ],
    "appearance": "Not physical; numbers in censuses, surveys and reports.",
    "visual_identification": [
      "Counts with reference dates",
      "Census and estimates",
      "Population density is a different measure"
    ],
    "physical_properties": [],
    "families_and_kinds": [
      "human population sizes",
      "speaker populations of languages",
      "electorates",
      "study sample sizes",
      "wildlife population sizes"
    ],
    "related_models": [
      {
        "relation": "is a kind of",
        "target": "number of entities",
        "why": "category"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is measured by",
        "target": "census and survey",
        "why": "methods"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is related to",
        "target": "population density",
        "why": "measure"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is used in",
        "target": "statistics",
        "why": "field"
      }
    ],
    "identifiers": [],
    "standards_and_regulation": [
      "UN Principles and Recommendations for Population and Housing Censuses",
      "National statistics law"
    ],
    "failure_modes_and_hazards": [
      "Outdated figures",
      "Comparing different definitions",
      "False precision"
    ],
    "in_scope": [],
    "out_of_scope": [],
    "characteristics": [],
    "agent_conduct": {
      "may": [
        "Report population figures with their source, date and method of estimation.",
        "Explain uncertainty in census counts and estimates of a place's inhabitants."
      ],
      "must_not": [
        "Present an estimate as an exact count or mix figures from incompatible sources.",
        "Use small-population data in a way that identifies individuals.",
        "Inflate or deflate population figures to support a claim."
      ],
      "requires_human": [
        "Using population figures to allocate seats or funds requires human review."
      ]
    },
    "ethics": {
      "considerations": [
        "Counts decide representation and resources; undercounts harm already marginalised groups.",
        "Data on small groups can expose them to discrimination."
      ],
      "affected_parties": [
        "Undercounted communities are affected.",
        "Residents whose information contributes to counts or estimates are affected.",
        "Communities whose representation or resources depend on population figures are affected."
      ]
    },
    "owners": {
      "steward": "The body responsible for counting or estimating inhabitants, such as a national statistical office.",
      "master_systems": [
        "Censuses and population registers maintain records of inhabitants."
      ]
    }
  },
  "sources": [
    {
      "id": "wikidata",
      "title": "Wikidata item Q1613416: population size",
      "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1613416",
      "url_status": "live",
      "what_it_supports": "identity and sense of the item",
      "checked_by": "wikidata-api"
    },
    {
      "id": "wikipedia-en",
      "title": "Wikipedia: Population size",
      "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Population_size",
      "url_status": "live",
      "what_it_supports": "general description of the item",
      "checked_by": "wikidata-api sitelink"
    }
  ],
  "structure": {
    "bundles": [
      {
        "id": "population",
        "name": "Population",
        "description": "Which population.",
        "rationale": "Definitions decide counts.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "definition",
            "name": "Definition",
            "description": "Who counts.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "definition-finding",
                "name": "Definition",
                "description": "Population definition.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Which population is being counted, and how is membership defined?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "For which area and date?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "figure",
            "name": "Figure",
            "description": "Count.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "figure-finding",
                "name": "Figure",
                "description": "Population figure.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What is the population size, according to which source?",
                    "kind": "measurement"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Is it a count or an estimate?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "methods",
        "name": "Methods",
        "description": "Estimation.",
        "rationale": "Methods affect accuracy.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "census",
            "name": "Census",
            "description": "Full counts.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "census-finding",
                "name": "Census",
                "description": "Census.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "When was the last census, and how complete was it?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "How are undercounts handled?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "estimate",
            "name": "Estimate",
            "description": "Surveys and models.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "estimate-finding",
                "name": "Estimate",
                "description": "Estimates.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How was the estimate produced, and what is its uncertainty?",
                    "kind": "measurement"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which model was used?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "comparison",
        "name": "Comparison",
        "description": "Consistency.",
        "rationale": "Comparisons need care.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "compare",
            "name": "Compare",
            "description": "Like with like.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "compare-finding",
                "name": "Compare",
                "description": "Comparisons.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Are the populations defined the same way?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Are the dates comparable?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "trends",
            "name": "Trends",
            "description": "Change.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "trends-finding",
                "name": "Trends",
                "description": "Trends.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How has the population changed over time?",
                    "kind": "measurement"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "What drives the change?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "applications",
        "name": "Applications",
        "description": "Uses.",
        "rationale": "Population sizes inform decisions.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "research",
            "name": "Research",
            "description": "Sample size.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "research-finding",
                "name": "Research",
                "description": "Sample size.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Is the study sample size adequate for its conclusions?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "How was it calculated?",
                    "kind": "measurement"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "wildlife",
            "name": "Wildlife",
            "description": "Species counts.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "wildlife-finding",
                "name": "Wildlife",
                "description": "Wildlife populations.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What is the estimated population of this species, and how was it surveyed?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "What does it mean for its conservation status?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  },
  "openQuestions": [
    "Should population kinds be separate entries?",
    "How should reference dates be recorded?",
    "How should uncertainty be shown?"
  ],
  "statistics": {
    "bundles": 4,
    "layers": 8,
    "findings": 8,
    "questions": 16
  }
}