{
  "vercy": "1.0-draft",
  "publication": {
    "status": "research-draft",
    "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed",
    "publishableCanonical": false,
    "generatedAt": "2026-09-13T21:02:59Z",
    "providers": [
      "Claude"
    ],
    "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify",
    "pass": 2,
    "wave": 4,
    "engine": "claude",
    "enrichment": {
      "pass": 3,
      "engine": "claude",
      "producedAt": "2026-10-06T11:00:00Z",
      "ingestedAt": "2026-10-06T07:34:24+00:00",
      "fields": [
        "agent_conduct",
        "ethics",
        "owners"
      ]
    },
    "gate": {
      "passed": true,
      "version": "1.0",
      "at": "2026-10-06T19:51:54+00:00",
      "evidence": [
        "completeness 1.00",
        "sense: Wikidata description",
        "2 live sources",
        "review by codex: pass"
      ]
    }
  },
  "metaModel": {
    "id": "THING-Q161380",
    "registryId": "vr.tr.credit-card",
    "name": "credit card",
    "version": "0.2.0-wave.4",
    "entryKind": "thing",
    "family": "Thing Registry",
    "domain": [
      "INF.MED"
    ],
    "status": "research-draft"
  },
  "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q161380/",
  "model": {
    "registry_id": "vr.tr.credit-card",
    "name": "credit card",
    "purpose": "Let an agent explain credit cards, relay how credit, interest, fees, protections and networks work from consumer finance and regulator sources in general terms, describe the named card products and markets, advise on security and fraud reporting, point people struggling with debt to free debt advice, and distinguish credit cards from debit, charge and prepaid cards, without personal financial advice.",
    "definition": "A payment card issued by a bank or other provider that lets the holder borrow funds up to a credit limit to pay for goods and services, repaying later with interest on unpaid balances, processed through networks such as Visa, Mastercard, American Express, JCB and Diners Club, the first multipurpose charge card launched in 1950; the registry aliases name Japanese card products and markets such as JR railway cards, airport and store-branded cards like the KANKU CLUB Card and in-house or house cards, the OMC card and the Diners Club Premium Card. Card details must never be shared with unverified parties, and suspected fraud should be reported to the issuer immediately.",
    "what_it_is_for": "Paying with borrowed funds.",
    "affordances": [
      "explain how credit cards work",
      "relay protections and fees in general terms",
      "describe named products",
      "advise on fraud reporting and debt help"
    ],
    "distinguishing_features": [
      "Revolving credit",
      "Interest on balances",
      "Consumer protections",
      "Fraud risks"
    ],
    "appearance": "A plastic or metal card with a chip, card number and network logo, or a digital card in a wallet app.",
    "visual_identification": [
      "Card for purchases on revolving credit",
      "KANKU CLUB Card, JR card, OMC card, credit card in Japan, Diners Club Premium Card, house card",
      "Debit cards draw on bank balances; charge cards require full monthly repayment; prepaid cards use loaded funds"
    ],
    "physical_properties": [
      {
        "quantity": "Diners Club launched",
        "typical_range": "1950",
        "unit": "year",
        "note": ""
      },
      {
        "quantity": "card security standard",
        "typical_range": "PCI DSS",
        "unit": "note",
        "note": ""
      },
      {
        "quantity": "card number length",
        "typical_range": "typically 16 digits",
        "unit": "note",
        "note": "varies"
      }
    ],
    "families_and_kinds": [
      "general-purpose credit cards",
      "store and house cards",
      "co-branded cards such as railway and airport cards",
      "premium and charge cards",
      "secured credit cards"
    ],
    "related_models": [
      {
        "relation": "is a kind of",
        "target": "payment card",
        "why": "in registry terms"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is processed by",
        "target": "Visa Inc.",
        "why": "among other networks"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is contrasted with",
        "target": "debit card",
        "why": ""
      },
      {
        "relation": "includes",
        "target": "store card",
        "why": ""
      }
    ],
    "identifiers": [],
    "standards_and_regulation": [
      "PCI DSS",
      "Consumer credit laws such as the UK Consumer Credit Act section 75 and the US Truth in Lending Act",
      "Japan Installment Sales Act"
    ],
    "failure_modes_and_hazards": [
      "Sharing card details with scammers",
      "High-interest debt spirals",
      "Giving personal financial advice"
    ],
    "in_scope": [],
    "out_of_scope": [],
    "characteristics": [],
    "agent_conduct": {
      "may": [
        "Explain how credit cards, interest and fees work in general terms.",
        "Remind a cardholder of due dates and balances they have chosen to share."
      ],
      "must_not": [
        "Store, display or transmit a card number, security code or PIN outside a compliant payment system.",
        "Make purchases or payments with a card without the holder's explicit approval.",
        "Help commit card fraud or test stolen card details.",
        "Push people into borrowing they cannot repay or hide interest and fees.",
        "Give personalised credit or investment advice as if it were a licensed adviser."
      ],
      "requires_human": [
        "Any payment, cash advance or balance transfer on a card.",
        "Reporting a card lost, stolen or compromised."
      ]
    },
    "ethics": {
      "considerations": [
        "Card debt at high interest can trap people in poverty.",
        "Card data is a target for fraud; leaking it harms the holder directly."
      ],
      "affected_parties": [
        "Cardholders",
        "Merchants",
        "People in debt"
      ]
    },
    "owners": {
      "steward": "The issuing bank or provider; the holder controls its use.",
      "master_systems": [
        "Issuer account records",
        "Credit reference agency files"
      ]
    }
  },
  "sources": [
    {
      "id": "wikidata",
      "title": "Wikidata item Q161380: credit card",
      "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161380",
      "url_status": "live",
      "what_it_supports": "identity and sense of the item",
      "checked_by": "wikidata-api"
    },
    {
      "id": "wikipedia-en",
      "title": "Wikipedia: Credit card",
      "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Credit_card",
      "url_status": "live",
      "what_it_supports": "general description of the item",
      "checked_by": "wikidata-api sitelink"
    }
  ],
  "structure": {
    "bundles": [
      {
        "id": "understand",
        "name": "Understand",
        "description": "What a credit card is.",
        "rationale": "Definition.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "definition",
            "name": "Definition",
            "description": "Definition.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "definition-finding",
                "name": "Definition",
                "description": "Definition.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What is a credit card, and how does it differ from debit, charge and prepaid cards?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Has a card been lost, stolen or used fraudulently, in which case contact the issuer immediately, and never share card details with unverified callers or sites?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "products",
            "name": "Products",
            "description": "Named products.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "products-finding",
                "name": "Products",
                "description": "Products.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What are JR cards, KANKU CLUB and OMC cards, house cards and the Diners Club Premium Card?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits the specific product?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "finance",
        "name": "Finance",
        "description": "How it works.",
        "rationale": "Regulation.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "interest",
            "name": "Interest",
            "description": "Interest and fees.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "interest-finding",
                "name": "Interest",
                "description": "Interest.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How do APR, minimum payments and fees work, in general terms?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which references are standard?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "protections",
            "name": "Protections",
            "description": "Consumer protections.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "protections-finding",
                "name": "Protections",
                "description": "Protections.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What protections such as chargebacks and section 75 exist?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which sources are cited?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "safety",
        "name": "Safety",
        "description": "Security and debt.",
        "rationale": "Regulation.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "fraud",
            "name": "Fraud",
            "description": "Fraud prevention.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "fraud-finding",
                "name": "Fraud",
                "description": "Fraud.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How do chips, tokenisation and 3-D Secure reduce fraud?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits 3-D Secure?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "debt",
            "name": "Debt",
            "description": "Debt help.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "debt-finding",
                "name": "Debt",
                "description": "Debt.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Where can people struggling with card debt get free, independent advice?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits debt counseling?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "context",
        "name": "Context",
        "description": "Markets and history.",
        "rationale": "Context.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "japan",
            "name": "Japan",
            "description": "Japanese market.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "japan-finding",
                "name": "Japan",
                "description": "Japan.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How does the Japanese credit card market differ, including one-time payment culture?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits JCB?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "history",
            "name": "History",
            "description": "History.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "history-finding",
                "name": "History",
                "description": "History.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How did Diners Club and BankAmericard lead to modern networks?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits BankAmericard?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  },
  "openQuestions": [
    "Should the Japanese card products be split off as instances?",
    "How should regulator sources be linked by country?",
    "How should network market shares be kept current?"
  ],
  "statistics": {
    "bundles": 4,
    "layers": 8,
    "findings": 8,
    "questions": 16
  }
}