{
  "vercy": "1.0-draft",
  "publication": {
    "status": "research-draft",
    "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed",
    "publishableCanonical": false,
    "generatedAt": "2026-09-13T00:04:25Z",
    "providers": [
      "Claude"
    ],
    "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify",
    "pass": 2,
    "wave": 3,
    "engine": "claude",
    "enrichment": {
      "pass": 3,
      "engine": "claude",
      "producedAt": "2026-10-06T10:00:00Z",
      "ingestedAt": "2026-10-06T07:02:59+00:00",
      "fields": [
        "agent_conduct",
        "ethics",
        "owners"
      ]
    },
    "gate": {
      "passed": true,
      "version": "1.0",
      "at": "2026-10-06T19:51:55+00:00",
      "evidence": [
        "completeness 1.00",
        "sense: Wikidata description",
        "2 live sources",
        "review by codex: pass"
      ]
    }
  },
  "metaModel": {
    "id": "THING-Q1819",
    "registryId": "vr.tr.samarium",
    "name": "samarium",
    "version": "0.2.0-wave.3",
    "entryKind": "thing",
    "family": "Thing Registry",
    "domain": [
      "PHY.MAT"
    ],
    "status": "research-draft"
  },
  "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q1819/",
  "model": {
    "registry_id": "vr.tr.samarium",
    "name": "samarium",
    "purpose": "Let an agent identify samarium and its properties, relay isotopes, production and uses from reference sources, explain its medical and dating roles, and distinguish it from neighbouring lanthanides.",
    "definition": "A chemical element with symbol Sm and atomic number 62, a moderately hard silvery lanthanide that oxidises in air and occurs in monazite and bastnasite; samarium is used in samarium-cobalt permanent magnets that resist high temperatures, in neutron absorbers for reactors, in catalysts and in the medical isotope samarium-153 for bone pain from cancer, and it has seven natural isotopes, several very weakly radioactive, including samarium-147 used in geological dating.",
    "what_it_is_for": "Magnets, reactor control, catalysts and medical isotopes.",
    "affordances": [
      "relay properties and isotopes",
      "explain production and uses",
      "explain medical and dating roles",
      "distinguish from other lanthanides"
    ],
    "distinguishing_features": [
      "Samarium-cobalt magnets",
      "Neutron absorption",
      "Sm-153 in medicine",
      "Sm-Nd dating"
    ],
    "appearance": "A silvery metal that tarnishes to a grey oxide in air.",
    "visual_identification": [
      "Element 62, symbol Sm",
      "Lanthanide with magnet and isotope uses",
      "Promethium and europium are the neighbouring lanthanides"
    ],
    "physical_properties": [
      {
        "quantity": "atomic number",
        "typical_range": "62",
        "unit": "Z",
        "note": ""
      },
      {
        "quantity": "standard atomic weight",
        "typical_range": "150.36",
        "unit": "u",
        "note": ""
      },
      {
        "quantity": "melting point",
        "typical_range": "1072",
        "unit": "degrees C",
        "note": ""
      },
      {
        "quantity": "samarium-147 half-life",
        "typical_range": "about 106 billion",
        "unit": "years",
        "note": ""
      }
    ],
    "families_and_kinds": [
      "samarium metal and alloys",
      "samarium compounds such as the oxide and iodide",
      "isotopes from samarium-128 to samarium-165, with seven natural and Sm-153 medical",
      "samarium in magnets, reactors and catalysts"
    ],
    "related_models": [
      {
        "relation": "is a kind of",
        "target": "lanthanide",
        "why": "in registry terms"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is a kind of",
        "target": "rare earth element",
        "why": "in general terms"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is used in",
        "target": "samarium-cobalt magnet",
        "why": "a permanent magnet type"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is adjacent to",
        "target": "europium",
        "why": "element 63"
      }
    ],
    "identifiers": [
      {
        "scheme": "symbol",
        "value_or_pattern": "Sm",
        "note": ""
      },
      {
        "scheme": "CAS",
        "value_or_pattern": "7440-19-9",
        "note": ""
      }
    ],
    "standards_and_regulation": [
      "Chemical safety data sheets",
      "Radiopharmaceutical regulation for samarium-153",
      "Rare earth trade and export rules"
    ],
    "failure_modes_and_hazards": [
      "Flammability of fine metal",
      "Radiation safety for medical isotopes",
      "Supply concentration"
    ],
    "in_scope": [],
    "out_of_scope": [],
    "characteristics": [],
    "agent_conduct": {
      "may": [
        "Explain samarium's properties and uses in magnets and medicine.",
        "Report on supply with sources and dates."
      ],
      "must_not": [
        "Advise handling fine samarium powder without fire precautions.",
        "Advise handling medical radioisotopes outside licensed use.",
        "Present supply figures without sources.",
        "Recommend disposal of samarium magnets or compounds as ordinary waste."
      ],
      "requires_human": [
        "Medical use of radioactive samarium for a patient."
      ]
    },
    "ethics": {
      "considerations": [
        "Rare earth mining harms workers and environments in producing regions.",
        "Medical isotopes help patients with bone pain but need careful use."
      ],
      "affected_parties": [
        "Mining communities",
        "Patients",
        "Workers"
      ]
    },
    "owners": {
      "steward": "Nobody owns the element; producers and licensed holders answer for their stock.",
      "master_systems": []
    }
  },
  "sources": [
    {
      "id": "wikidata",
      "title": "Wikidata item Q1819: samarium",
      "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1819",
      "url_status": "live",
      "what_it_supports": "identity and sense of the item",
      "checked_by": "wikidata-api"
    },
    {
      "id": "wikipedia-en",
      "title": "Wikipedia: Samarium",
      "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samarium",
      "url_status": "live",
      "what_it_supports": "general description of the item",
      "checked_by": "wikidata-api sitelink"
    }
  ],
  "structure": {
    "bundles": [
      {
        "id": "identify",
        "name": "Identify",
        "description": "What samarium is.",
        "rationale": "Identity.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "properties",
            "name": "Properties",
            "description": "Properties.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "properties-finding",
                "name": "Properties",
                "description": "Properties.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What are the physical and chemical properties of samarium?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Is the question about samarium or a neighbouring lanthanide?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "isotopes",
            "name": "Isotopes",
            "description": "Isotopes.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "isotopes-finding",
                "name": "Isotopes",
                "description": "Isotopes.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Which isotopes exist, and how are samarium-147 and samarium-153 used?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits the specific isotope?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "source",
        "name": "Source",
        "description": "Occurrence and production.",
        "rationale": "Supply.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "occurrence",
            "name": "Occurrence",
            "description": "Occurrence.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "occurrence-finding",
                "name": "Occurrence",
                "description": "Occurrence.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Where does samarium occur, and how is it separated from other rare earths?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits rare earth mining?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "supply",
            "name": "Supply",
            "description": "Supply.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "supply-finding",
                "name": "Supply",
                "description": "Supply.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Who produces samarium, and how is it traded, with sources?",
                    "kind": "measurement"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which sources are cited?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "use",
        "name": "Use",
        "description": "Uses.",
        "rationale": "Application.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "magnets",
            "name": "Magnets",
            "description": "Magnets and reactors.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "magnets-finding",
                "name": "Magnets",
                "description": "Magnets.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How is samarium used in high-temperature magnets and reactor control?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits samarium-cobalt magnet?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "medical",
            "name": "Medical",
            "description": "Medical use.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "medical-finding",
                "name": "Medical",
                "description": "Medical.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How is samarium-153 used to treat bone pain in cancer, in general terms?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Is the user asking about their own treatment, which needs a clinician?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "context",
        "name": "Context",
        "description": "History and dating.",
        "rationale": "Context.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "discovery",
            "name": "Discovery",
            "description": "Discovery.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "discovery-finding",
                "name": "Discovery",
                "description": "Discovery.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How was samarium discovered in 1879 and named after the mineral samarskite?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which references are standard?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "dating",
            "name": "Dating",
            "description": "Samarium-neodymium dating.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "dating-finding",
                "name": "Dating",
                "description": "Dating.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How does samarium-neodymium dating work in geology?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits radiometric dating?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  },
  "openQuestions": [
    "Should samarium-cobalt magnet and Sm-153 be separate entries?",
    "How should reference data be linked?",
    "The registry entry has merged aliases naming isotopes; should they be split off?"
  ],
  "statistics": {
    "bundles": 4,
    "layers": 8,
    "findings": 8,
    "questions": 16
  }
}