{
  "vercy": "1.0-draft",
  "publication": {
    "status": "research-draft",
    "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed",
    "publishableCanonical": false,
    "generatedAt": "2026-09-13T00:40:15Z",
    "providers": [
      "Claude"
    ],
    "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify",
    "pass": 2,
    "wave": 3,
    "engine": "claude",
    "enrichment": {
      "pass": 3,
      "engine": "claude",
      "producedAt": "2026-10-06T10:00:00Z",
      "ingestedAt": "2026-10-06T07:05:55+00:00",
      "fields": [
        "agent_conduct",
        "ethics",
        "owners"
      ]
    },
    "gate": {
      "passed": true,
      "version": "1.0",
      "at": "2026-10-06T19:51:56+00:00",
      "evidence": [
        "completeness 1.00",
        "sense: Wikidata description",
        "2 live sources",
        "review by codex: pass"
      ]
    }
  },
  "metaModel": {
    "id": "THING-Q19577",
    "registryId": "vr.tr.actinide",
    "name": "actinide",
    "version": "0.2.0-wave.3",
    "entryKind": "thing",
    "family": "Thing Registry",
    "domain": [
      "PHY.MAT"
    ],
    "status": "research-draft"
  },
  "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q19577/",
  "model": {
    "registry_id": "vr.tr.actinide",
    "name": "actinide",
    "purpose": "Let an agent explain the actinide series and its members, relay properties, occurrence and nuclear roles from reference sources, distinguish major from minor actinides in waste management, and present policy questions neutrally without operational nuclear detail.",
    "definition": "The series of fifteen metallic chemical elements with atomic numbers 89 to 103, from actinium to lawrencium, all radioactive, including the naturally occurring thorium and uranium, the fissile plutonium produced in reactors, and the transuranic elements made artificially; in nuclear fuel cycle terms the major actinides are uranium and plutonium and the minor actinides neptunium, americium and curium, which dominate the long-term radiotoxicity of spent fuel.",
    "what_it_is_for": "Not applicable; a series of elements.",
    "affordances": [
      "explain the series and members",
      "relay properties and occurrence",
      "distinguish major and minor actinides",
      "present nuclear policy neutrally"
    ],
    "distinguishing_features": [
      "All radioactive",
      "5f electron filling",
      "Nuclear fuel and waste relevance",
      "Artificial transuranics"
    ],
    "appearance": "Silvery radioactive metals, most handled only in shielded facilities.",
    "visual_identification": [
      "Elements 89 to 103",
      "Thorium, uranium, plutonium and transuranics",
      "Lanthanides are the analogous series of elements 57 to 71"
    ],
    "physical_properties": [
      {
        "quantity": "members",
        "typical_range": "15",
        "unit": "elements",
        "note": "actinium to lawrencium"
      },
      {
        "quantity": "naturally abundant members",
        "typical_range": "2",
        "unit": "elements",
        "note": "thorium and uranium"
      },
      {
        "quantity": "uranium-238 half-life",
        "typical_range": "4.47 billion",
        "unit": "years",
        "note": ""
      }
    ],
    "families_and_kinds": [
      "naturally occurring actinides: actinium, thorium, protactinium, uranium",
      "transuranic actinides: neptunium, plutonium, americium, curium and beyond",
      "major actinides uranium and plutonium",
      "minor actinides neptunium, americium and curium",
      "late actinides berkelium to lawrencium"
    ],
    "related_models": [
      {
        "relation": "is a kind of",
        "target": "chemical element",
        "why": "in registry terms, as a series"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is analogous to",
        "target": "lanthanide",
        "why": "the 4f series"
      },
      {
        "relation": "includes",
        "target": "uranium",
        "why": "the main nuclear fuel"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is relevant to",
        "target": "radioactive waste",
        "why": "through minor actinides"
      }
    ],
    "identifiers": [
      {
        "scheme": "atomic numbers",
        "value_or_pattern": "89 to 103",
        "note": ""
      },
      {
        "scheme": "IUPAC",
        "value_or_pattern": "actinoids",
        "note": "recommended name"
      }
    ],
    "standards_and_regulation": [
      "IAEA safeguards on fissile actinides",
      "Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty",
      "Radioactive waste management regulations",
      "Radiation protection standards"
    ],
    "failure_modes_and_hazards": [
      "Radiotoxicity and criticality",
      "Proliferation concerns",
      "Agents providing sensitive nuclear detail",
      "Confusing actinides with lanthanides"
    ],
    "in_scope": [],
    "out_of_scope": [],
    "characteristics": [],
    "agent_conduct": {
      "may": [
        "Report the actinide series, its elements and their general properties from reliable references.",
        "Explain why all of them are radioactive and what that means for handling."
      ],
      "must_not": [
        "Treat actinide material as ordinary metal in any description or instruction.",
        "Handle, store or transport radioactive material without the licence and controls required.",
        "Assist any attempt to obtain or divert such material.",
        "Advise on disposal of radioactive waste outside the licensed system."
      ],
      "requires_human": [
        "All handling, transport and disposal, which belongs to licensed operators and regulators."
      ]
    },
    "ethics": {
      "considerations": [
        "Actinide contamination harms people and land for generations and cannot be undone.",
        "Communities near mining, processing and waste sites carry risks they did not choose."
      ],
      "affected_parties": [
        "Workers at licensed sites",
        "Communities near such sites",
        "Future generations"
      ]
    },
    "owners": {
      "steward": "The licensed operator, under the national nuclear regulator and safeguards authorities.",
      "master_systems": [
        "National nuclear material accounting and licensing registers"
      ]
    }
  },
  "sources": [
    {
      "id": "wikidata",
      "title": "Wikidata item Q19577: actinide",
      "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19577",
      "url_status": "live",
      "what_it_supports": "identity and sense of the item",
      "checked_by": "wikidata-api"
    },
    {
      "id": "wikipedia-en",
      "title": "Wikipedia: Actinide",
      "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actinide",
      "url_status": "live",
      "what_it_supports": "general description of the item",
      "checked_by": "wikidata-api sitelink"
    }
  ],
  "structure": {
    "bundles": [
      {
        "id": "understand",
        "name": "Understand",
        "description": "What actinides are.",
        "rationale": "Science.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "series",
            "name": "Series",
            "description": "The series.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "series-finding",
                "name": "Series",
                "description": "Series.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What elements make up the actinide series, and what do they share?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Is the question about the series, a specific element or the lanthanides?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "chemistry",
            "name": "Chemistry",
            "description": "Chemistry.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "chemistry-finding",
                "name": "Chemistry",
                "description": "Chemistry.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What are the chemical properties and oxidation states of the actinides?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits the specific element?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "nuclear",
        "name": "Nuclear",
        "description": "Nuclear roles.",
        "rationale": "Regulation.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "fuel",
            "name": "Fuel",
            "description": "Fuel and waste.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "fuel-finding",
                "name": "Fuel",
                "description": "Fuel.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What roles do major and minor actinides play in nuclear fuel and spent fuel, in general terms?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Is the question seeking sensitive nuclear detail, which the model does not give?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "transmutation",
            "name": "Transmutation",
            "description": "Partitioning and transmutation.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "transmutation-finding",
                "name": "Transmutation",
                "description": "Transmutation.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What research exists on partitioning and transmutation of minor actinides, as reported?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which references are standard?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "occurrence",
        "name": "Occurrence",
        "description": "Occurrence and production.",
        "rationale": "Science.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "natural",
            "name": "Natural",
            "description": "Natural occurrence.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "natural-finding",
                "name": "Natural",
                "description": "Natural.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Where do thorium and uranium occur, and how are they mined?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits uranium mining?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "synthesis",
            "name": "Synthesis",
            "description": "Synthetic actinides.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "synthesis-finding",
                "name": "Synthesis",
                "description": "Synthesis.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How were the transuranic actinides discovered and synthesised, as historians describe?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which sources are cited?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "context",
        "name": "Context",
        "description": "Policy and history.",
        "rationale": "Attribution.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "policy",
            "name": "Policy",
            "description": "Policy.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "policy-finding",
                "name": "Policy",
                "description": "Policy.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What debates exist about nuclear power, waste and proliferation, with positions attributed?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Is the presentation neutral?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "history",
            "name": "History",
            "description": "History.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "history-finding",
                "name": "History",
                "description": "History.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How did Seaborg actinide concept reshape the periodic table?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits the history of the periodic table?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  },
  "openQuestions": [
    "Should minor actinides be a separate entry?",
    "How should reference data be linked?",
    "The registry entry has merged aliases naming fuel cycle groupings; should they be split off?"
  ],
  "statistics": {
    "bundles": 4,
    "layers": 8,
    "findings": 8,
    "questions": 16
  }
}