{
  "vercy": "1.0-draft",
  "publication": {
    "status": "research-draft",
    "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed",
    "publishableCanonical": false,
    "generatedAt": "2026-09-12T20:28:17Z",
    "providers": [
      "Claude"
    ],
    "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify",
    "pass": 2,
    "wave": 3,
    "engine": "claude",
    "enrichment": {
      "pass": 3,
      "engine": "claude",
      "producedAt": "2026-10-06T10:00:00Z",
      "ingestedAt": "2026-10-06T06:58:29+00:00",
      "fields": [
        "agent_conduct",
        "ethics",
        "owners"
      ]
    },
    "gate": {
      "passed": true,
      "version": "1.0",
      "at": "2026-10-06T19:51:57+00:00",
      "evidence": [
        "completeness 1.00",
        "sense: Wikidata description",
        "2 live sources",
        "review by codex: pass"
      ]
    }
  },
  "metaModel": {
    "id": "THING-Q2339337",
    "registryId": "vr.tr.intensifier",
    "name": "intensifier",
    "version": "0.2.0-wave.3",
    "entryKind": "thing",
    "family": "Thing Registry",
    "domain": [
      "XCT.REL"
    ],
    "status": "research-draft"
  },
  "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q2339337/",
  "model": {
    "registry_id": "vr.tr.intensifier",
    "name": "intensifier",
    "purpose": "Let an agent recognise intensifiers and explain their grammar and function, relay descriptions from grammars of particular languages, discuss register and change with attribution, and support editing, learning and translation.",
    "definition": "A word or affix that strengthens or emphasises the meaning of another word without changing its basic sense, such as very, really, extremely, so and absolutely in English; intensifiers are studied in grammar and pragmatics, change rapidly across generations and registers, and are handled carefully in translation and in plain-language writing.",
    "what_it_is_for": "Emphasising degree or force in language.",
    "affordances": [
      "identify intensifiers in text",
      "explain their grammar and scope",
      "describe register and change",
      "support editing and translation"
    ],
    "distinguishing_features": [
      "Degree or emphasis modification",
      "Grammatically often adverbs or affixes",
      "Fast lexical turnover and register sensitivity",
      "Present in most languages in varied forms"
    ],
    "appearance": "Not visible; words such as very, really, so, extremely, or affixes and reduplication in other languages.",
    "visual_identification": [
      "Modifies degree or emphasis without changing the core meaning",
      "Often adverbs of degree, also prefixes and reduplication",
      "Downtoners weaken; emphatic pronouns and particles are related but distinct"
    ],
    "physical_properties": [],
    "families_and_kinds": [
      "adverbial intensifiers such as very and extremely",
      "expletive and taboo intensifiers",
      "affixal intensifiers and reduplication",
      "emphatic reflexives such as myself",
      "intensifying particles in specific languages",
      "downtoners as the opposite class"
    ],
    "related_models": [
      {
        "relation": "is a kind of",
        "target": "grammatical particle",
        "why": "in many analyses"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is a kind of",
        "target": "attributive",
        "why": "modifies another word"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is contrasted with",
        "target": "downtoner",
        "why": "weakens rather than strengthens"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is studied by",
        "target": "pragmatics",
        "why": "and grammar"
      }
    ],
    "identifiers": [],
    "standards_and_regulation": [
      "No regulation; style guides advise on use in formal writing"
    ],
    "failure_modes_and_hazards": [
      "Overuse weakening writing",
      "Mistranslation of register",
      "Confusing intensifiers with emphatic reflexives"
    ],
    "in_scope": [],
    "out_of_scope": [],
    "characteristics": [],
    "agent_conduct": {
      "may": [
        "Identify intensifiers in a text and explain their effect.",
        "Suggest plainer wording where intensifiers weaken a text."
      ],
      "must_not": [
        "Mistranslate an intensifier so that the register or strength of the original changes.",
        "Mark speakers' dialect or generational use of intensifiers as wrong.",
        "Confuse intensifiers with emphatic reflexives or other forms.",
        "Strengthen or soften quoted speech by changing its intensifiers."
      ],
      "requires_human": [
        "Editing the wording of statements whose strength matters, such as legal or medical text."
      ]
    },
    "ethics": {
      "considerations": [
        "Judgments about how people intensify speech often mask judgments about age, gender or class."
      ],
      "affected_parties": [
        "Speakers of varieties judged nonstandard",
        "Writers and translators"
      ]
    },
    "owners": {
      "steward": "Nobody owns the concept; it belongs to the speakers of each language.",
      "master_systems": []
    }
  },
  "sources": [
    {
      "id": "wikidata",
      "title": "Wikidata item Q2339337: intensifier",
      "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2339337",
      "url_status": "live",
      "what_it_supports": "identity and sense of the item",
      "checked_by": "wikidata-api"
    },
    {
      "id": "wikipedia-en",
      "title": "Wikipedia: Intensifier",
      "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intensifier",
      "url_status": "live",
      "what_it_supports": "general description of the item",
      "checked_by": "wikidata-api sitelink"
    }
  ],
  "structure": {
    "bundles": [
      {
        "id": "concept",
        "name": "Concept",
        "description": "What an intensifier is.",
        "rationale": "Definition.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "definition",
            "name": "Definition",
            "description": "Definition.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "definition-finding",
                "name": "Definition",
                "description": "Definition.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What is an intensifier, and how does it differ from other modifiers?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Is the word an intensifier, a downtoner or an emphatic reflexive?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "forms",
            "name": "Forms",
            "description": "Forms across languages.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "forms-finding",
                "name": "Forms",
                "description": "Forms.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What forms do intensifiers take in different languages, from adverbs to reduplication?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits the specific language?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "use",
        "name": "Use",
        "description": "Use and register.",
        "rationale": "Practice.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "register",
            "name": "Register",
            "description": "Register.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "register-finding",
                "name": "Register",
                "description": "Register.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How do intensifiers vary by register, age and gender, with findings attributed?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Is the presentation free of stereotypes?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "editing",
            "name": "Editing",
            "description": "Editing and style.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "editing-finding",
                "name": "Editing",
                "description": "Editing.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What do style guides advise about intensifiers in formal and plain writing?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits plain language?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "change",
        "name": "Change",
        "description": "Change over time.",
        "rationale": "Change.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "turnover",
            "name": "Turnover",
            "description": "Lexical turnover.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "turnover-finding",
                "name": "Turnover",
                "description": "Turnover.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How do intensifiers rise and fall over time, and why?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which references are standard?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "grammaticalisation",
            "name": "Grammaticalisation",
            "description": "Origins.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "grammaticalisation-finding",
                "name": "Grammaticalisation",
                "description": "Grammaticalisation.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How do words become intensifiers through grammaticalisation?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits language change?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "apply",
        "name": "Apply",
        "description": "Translation and teaching.",
        "rationale": "Application.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "translation",
            "name": "Translation",
            "description": "Translation.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "translation-finding",
                "name": "Translation",
                "description": "Translation.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How are intensifiers handled in translation between languages and registers?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits translation?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "teach",
            "name": "Teach",
            "description": "Teaching.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "teach-finding",
                "name": "Teach",
                "description": "Teaching.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How are intensifiers taught to learners, and which errors are common?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which misconceptions arise?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  },
  "openQuestions": [
    "Should intensifiers in specific languages be separate entries?",
    "How should corpus studies be linked?",
    "How should register guidance be represented?"
  ],
  "statistics": {
    "bundles": 4,
    "layers": 8,
    "findings": 8,
    "questions": 16
  }
}