{
  "vercy": "1.0-draft",
  "publication": {
    "status": "research-draft",
    "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed",
    "publishableCanonical": false,
    "generatedAt": "2026-09-12T11:21:54Z",
    "providers": [
      "Codex"
    ],
    "breadth": "recalled by Codex without web access - no source was read",
    "missingProviders": [],
    "pass": 2,
    "cost": {
      "grok": {
        "seconds": 17.6,
        "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a09559-2753-7850-a738-0b04f664b961\n--------\nuser\nDescribe what is already known about one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: Mnong people\nSense to describe: (none recorded)\nDomain code: SOC.PER\nAlso known as: (none)\n\n\nContext for this batch of 1001 things:\n# Batch 044: 1001 re",
        "usd": 0.0,
        "recall": true
      },
      "codex": {
        "seconds": 71.7,
        "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a09559-2749-7121-9929-8be609dc878c\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: Mnong people\nRegistry id: vr.tr.mnong-people\nPlane / domain: SOC / SOC.PER\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this entry: (none)\n"
      }
    },
    "enrichment": {
      "pass": 3,
      "engine": "claude",
      "producedAt": "2026-10-06T12:00:00Z",
      "ingestedAt": "2026-10-06T08:42:30+00:00",
      "fields": [
        "agent_conduct",
        "ethics",
        "owners"
      ]
    },
    "gate": {
      "passed": true,
      "version": "1.0",
      "at": "2026-10-07T10:10:29+00:00",
      "evidence": [
        "completeness 1.00",
        "sense: Wikidata description",
        "2 live sources",
        "review by codex: pass"
      ]
    }
  },
  "metaModel": {
    "id": "THING-Q2518802",
    "registryId": "vr.tr.mnong-people",
    "name": "Mnong people",
    "version": "0.1.0-research.1",
    "entryKind": "thing",
    "family": "Thing Registry",
    "domain": [
      "SOC.PER"
    ],
    "status": "research-draft"
  },
  "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q2518802/",
  "model": {
    "registry_id": "vr.tr.mnong-people",
    "name": "Mnong people",
    "purpose": "Enable an agent to recognise references to the Mnong people, assess evidence about particular Mnong communities, and determine appropriate representation, consultation and information use.",
    "definition": "The Mnong are an Indigenous ethnic group of Vietnam's Central Highlands and adjacent northeastern Cambodia whose traditional languages belong to the Bahnaric branch of the Austroasiatic language family.",
    "scope_statement": "This model owns the collective identity recorded as vr.tr.mnong-people and the evidence needed to describe its communities, internal diversity and circumstances without treating ethnicity as a uniform culture or an individual diagnostic.",
    "in_scope": [
      "Mnong collective identification, names and attributed classifications",
      "Relationships among communities identified as Mnong, including contested subgroup boundaries",
      "Community locations, historical connections and population estimates with explicit dates and coverage",
      "Language relationships, cultural practices and social institutions documented for particular Mnong communities",
      "Community representation, consent and authority over information attributed to Mnong people"
    ],
    "out_of_scope": [
      "Individual biographies or assignment of ethnicity to particular people",
      "Full linguistic descriptions of languages associated with Mnong communities",
      "Administrative models of countries, provinces, settlements or territories",
      "Independent models of neighbouring peoples or wider ethnolinguistic classifications",
      "Complete models of particular organisations, cultural objects, ceremonies or legal instruments"
    ],
    "distinguishing_features": [
      "The referent must be the Mnong people or a documented constituent community, rather than a language, locality or organisation sharing a related name.",
      "A proposed name variant must have evidence connecting it to Mnong collective identity; similar spelling alone does not establish equivalence.",
      "A proposed subgroup must have a documented relationship to Mnong identity, with community identification distinguished from external classification.",
      "Language, residence, surname or cultural practice alone must not be treated as sufficient evidence of a person's Mnong identity.",
      "A claim about one Mnong community must retain its locality, period and source rather than becoming a claim about all Mnong people."
    ],
    "characteristics": [
      {
        "name": "Collective name and naming context",
        "kind": "category",
        "unit_or_values": "Recorded name, script, language, self-designation or external designation, source and period of use",
        "why_it_matters": "Supports matching references while preserving differences between community names and administrative or scholarly labels."
      },
      {
        "name": "Community identification",
        "kind": "relation",
        "unit_or_values": "Named community to Mnong collective identity; self-identified, externally classified, disputed or unresolved",
        "why_it_matters": "Records the basis for inclusion without imposing a single classification."
      },
      {
        "name": "Geographic association",
        "kind": "relation",
        "unit_or_values": "Community to place; current residence, historical residence, cultural connection or reported movement, with date and evidence",
        "why_it_matters": "Separates different forms of connection to place and prevents residence from being equated with territorial entitlement."
      },
      {
        "name": "Population estimate",
        "kind": "measurement",
        "unit_or_values": "Persons, with reference year, geographic coverage, identification criteria, collection method and uncertainty",
        "why_it_matters": "Makes counts interpretable and prevents incompatible classifications or overlapping populations from being combined."
      },
      {
        "name": "Language relationship",
        "kind": "relation",
        "unit_or_values": "Community to named language or variety; reported use, heritage association or educational use, with source and date",
        "why_it_matters": "Keeps Mnong identity distinct from language classification and individual proficiency."
      },
      {
        "name": "Practice or institution attribution",
        "kind": "relation",
        "unit_or_values": "Named practice or institution to a specified community, locality and period; reported, observed, contested or historical",
        "why_it_matters": "Prevents local or historical descriptions from becoming timeless ethnic stereotypes."
      },
      {
        "name": "Representative mandate",
        "kind": "state",
        "unit_or_values": "Documented, limited, disputed, expired or unknown; specifying constituency, subject and duration",
        "why_it_matters": "Allows an agent to distinguish an authorised community representative from a person merely describing Mnong people."
      },
      {
        "name": "Information-use conditions",
        "kind": "state",
        "unit_or_values": "Public, permission required, restricted or unknown; with the relevant authority and permitted uses",
        "why_it_matters": "Supports decisions about quoting, translating, publishing or reusing community knowledge."
      }
    ],
    "affordances": [
      "Resolve a reference to Mnong people while preserving the original name and its source.",
      "Compare accounts of Mnong communities with differences in locality, date and classification made explicit.",
      "Assess whether population figures describe comparable or overlapping populations.",
      "Locate documented community representatives and determine the scope of their mandate before consultation.",
      "Prepare descriptions of Mnong cultural or linguistic relationships that retain community-specific attribution.",
      "Determine whether proposed reuse of community knowledge requires permission or further clarification."
    ],
    "agent_conduct": {
      "may": [
        "Describe the Mnong people, language and culture, citing community and scholarly sources.",
        "Note their presence in both Vietnam and Cambodia."
      ],
      "must_not": [
        "Stereotype the Mnong as primitive.",
        "Share recordings of sacred practices without consent.",
        "Ignore land rights disputes affecting them.",
        "Present elephant-related traditions in ways that harm the animals."
      ],
      "requires_human": [
        "Publishing material on land, forest or political issues."
      ]
    },
    "ethics": {
      "considerations": [
        "Highland minorities face land loss and pressure on their culture.",
        "Captive elephants deserve welfare."
      ],
      "affected_parties": [
        "Mnong communities",
        "Elephants in captivity"
      ]
    },
    "owners": {
      "steward": "The Mnong communities themselves.",
      "master_systems": []
    },
    "what_it_is_for": [
      "References to the Mnong people occur in accounts of communities in Vietnam's Central Highlands and northeastern Cambodia.",
      "The term is used in cultural heritage, language documentation and community consultation, where local identities and community preferences provide essential context."
    ],
    "standards_and_regulation": [
      "Vietnam's official classification of 54 ethnic groups, issued by the General Statistics Office, includes the Mnong under the name M'nong."
    ],
    "failure_modes_and_hazards": [
      "Treating distinct Mnong communities as culturally uniform can misrepresent their languages, histories and priorities.",
      "Inferring ethnicity from appearance or location can produce discriminatory classification and mistaken identification.",
      "Disclosing personal information or culturally restricted knowledge without appropriate consent can harm privacy and community interests."
    ],
    "facets_not_applicable": {
      "recognition": "Mnong identity cannot be reliably determined from visual appearance, clothing or physical features."
    }
  },
  "sources": [
    {
      "id": "wikidata",
      "title": "Wikidata item Q2518802: Mnong people",
      "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2518802",
      "url_status": "live",
      "what_it_supports": "identity and sense of the item",
      "checked_by": "wikidata-api"
    },
    {
      "id": "wikipedia-en",
      "title": "Wikipedia: Mnong people",
      "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mnong_people",
      "url_status": "live",
      "what_it_supports": "general description of the item",
      "checked_by": "wikidata-api sitelink"
    }
  ],
  "structure": {
    "bundles": [
      {
        "id": "mnong-identity-and-boundaries",
        "name": "Mnong identity and boundaries",
        "description": "Establishes what references to Mnong denote and how community membership and collective boundaries are described.",
        "rationale": "The registry supplies a collective name without a definition, so the model must make identity evidence and competing classifications explicit.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "names-and-reference",
            "name": "Names and reference",
            "description": "Connects documented names to the collective without assuming every related label is interchangeable.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "mnong-name-equivalence",
                "name": "Evidence for name equivalence",
                "description": "Record each designation with its users, referent and evidence linking it to this registry entry.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Which names do the communities concerned use for themselves, and in which languages and scripts?",
                    "kind": "definition",
                    "id": "mnong-name-equivalence-q01"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which sources establish whether another designation means all Mnong people, a particular community or a different referent?",
                    "kind": "provenance",
                    "id": "mnong-name-equivalence-q02"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "community-and-subgroup-boundaries",
            "name": "Community and subgroup boundaries",
            "description": "Preserves differences between self-identification and classifications imposed by other institutions.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "mnong-internal-classifications",
                "name": "Internal classifications and their authority",
                "description": "Treat proposed subgroup relationships as attributed claims rather than a settled universal hierarchy.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Which communities are described as Mnong, and how does their self-identification relate to that description?",
                    "kind": "boundary",
                    "id": "mnong-internal-classifications-q01"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Where do community, administrative and scholarly accounts disagree about the boundaries of Mnong identity?",
                    "kind": "provenance",
                    "id": "mnong-internal-classifications-q02"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "mnong-places-and-populations",
        "name": "Mnong places and populations",
        "description": "Organises evidence about where particular Mnong communities live or have lived and whom population figures count.",
        "rationale": "Collective geography and demographic totals are only useful when their time, coverage and identification rules remain visible.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "community-place-histories",
            "name": "Community place histories",
            "description": "Distinguishes present settlement from historical association and accounts of movement.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "mnong-place-connections",
                "name": "Documented connections to place",
                "description": "Record place relationships at the community level without inferring ownership or continuous occupation.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Which places are associated with named Mnong communities, and does each account concern present residence or historical connection?",
                    "kind": "provenance",
                    "id": "mnong-place-connections-q01"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "What evidence establishes the timing and circumstances of reported movement, resettlement or dispersal?",
                    "kind": "provenance",
                    "id": "mnong-place-connections-q02"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "population-counting",
            "name": "Population counting",
            "description": "Makes the categories and limitations behind Mnong population estimates inspectable.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "comparable-mnong-counts",
                "name": "Comparable population estimates",
                "description": "Retain the original enumeration category, reference date and coverage for every count.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How many people does each source count as Mnong, for which year and geographic area?",
                    "kind": "measurement",
                    "id": "comparable-mnong-counts-q01"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Does the count use self-identification, language, household classification or another criterion, and can it be compared with other counts?",
                    "kind": "boundary",
                    "id": "comparable-mnong-counts-q02"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "mnong-language-and-transmission",
        "name": "Mnong language and transmission",
        "description": "Records community relationships to languages and the circumstances in which language and knowledge are transmitted.",
        "rationale": "An ethnic collective, a language label and a speaker population can overlap without denoting the same thing.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "language-identity-relationships",
            "name": "Language and identity relationships",
            "description": "Links Mnong communities to documented language use while leaving linguistic taxonomy to language models.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "mnong-language-referents",
                "name": "Language labels and their referents",
                "description": "Distinguish the people named by the registry from languages or varieties associated with them.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Which languages or varieties are associated with each documented Mnong community, and who supplies their names?",
                    "kind": "provenance",
                    "id": "mnong-language-referents-q01"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "When a source uses Mnong as a language label, what population or variety does it actually describe?",
                    "kind": "boundary",
                    "id": "mnong-language-referents-q02"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "intergenerational-transmission",
            "name": "Intergenerational transmission",
            "description": "Captures community-specific evidence about learning, use and transmission across generations.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "mnong-transmission-contexts",
                "name": "Contexts of transmission",
                "description": "Record reported language and knowledge transmission with its participants, setting and date.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What evidence describes language use across generations and settings within the particular Mnong community?",
                    "kind": "measurement",
                    "id": "mnong-transmission-contexts-q01"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which community-led educational or documentation activities are recorded, and what participation or reuse do they permit?",
                    "kind": "action",
                    "id": "mnong-transmission-contexts-q02"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "mnong-social-and-cultural-life",
        "name": "Mnong social and cultural life",
        "description": "Represents documented institutions, livelihoods and cultural practices as situated and changing.",
        "rationale": "Useful descriptions must account for internal variation rather than making a list of customs into a test of Mnong authenticity.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "community-institutions-and-livelihoods",
            "name": "Community institutions and livelihoods",
            "description": "Attributes accounts of social organisation and livelihood to the communities and periods actually studied.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "situated-mnong-social-accounts",
                "name": "Situated social accounts",
                "description": "Record evidence about household organisation, community institutions and livelihoods without assuming collective uniformity.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Which institutions and livelihood arrangements are documented for a named Mnong community and period?",
                    "kind": "provenance",
                    "id": "situated-mnong-social-accounts-q01"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "What evidence limits the applicability of that account to other Mnong communities or to the present?",
                    "kind": "boundary",
                    "id": "situated-mnong-social-accounts-q02"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "cultural-practice-and-change",
            "name": "Cultural practice and change",
            "description": "Captures community-attributed practices, meanings and changes without treating them as universal requirements of identity.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "mnong-practice-attribution",
                "name": "Practice attribution and interpretation",
                "description": "Keep practitioners' interpretations distinct from outside descriptions and heritage classifications.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Which practices do particular Mnong communities identify as meaningful, and how do participants explain them?",
                    "kind": "definition",
                    "id": "mnong-practice-attribution-q01"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Is the description contemporary, historical, disputed or limited to particular participants and occasions?",
                    "kind": "boundary",
                    "id": "mnong-practice-attribution-q02"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "mnong-representation-and-information-use",
        "name": "Mnong representation and information use",
        "description": "Determines whose account is being used, who may speak for a constituency and what uses of information are authorised.",
        "rationale": "A model supporting action must distinguish knowledge about Mnong people from authority granted by particular Mnong communities.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "representative-authority",
            "name": "Representative authority",
            "description": "Connects representatives and organisations to the constituencies and matters they are authorised to represent.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "mnong-representative-mandates",
                "name": "Representative mandates",
                "description": "Require evidence of mandate before treating a statement or approval as collective.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Which Mnong constituency does this person or organisation represent, and what evidence establishes that mandate?",
                    "kind": "provenance",
                    "id": "mnong-representative-mandates-q01"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Does the proposed consultation or approval fall within that mandate, or require additional community participation?",
                    "kind": "action",
                    "id": "mnong-representative-mandates-q02"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "knowledge-access-and-reuse",
            "name": "Knowledge access and reuse",
            "description": "Records applicable permissions and restrictions for community-attributed accounts, recordings and knowledge.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "mnong-knowledge-use-conditions",
                "name": "Conditions for knowledge use",
                "description": "Distinguish access to material from permission to translate, republish, commercialise or otherwise reuse it.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What consent, attribution or access conditions accompany this material, and whose authority supports them?",
                    "kind": "provenance",
                    "id": "mnong-knowledge-use-conditions-q01"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Is the proposed use covered by those conditions, and who can resolve any uncertainty?",
                    "kind": "action",
                    "id": "mnong-knowledge-use-conditions-q02"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment",
        "name": "Evidence and external alignment",
        "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.",
        "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "reported-evidence",
            "name": "Reported evidence",
            "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "evidence-confidence-notes",
                "name": "Check these first",
                "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.",
                "evidence": [
                  "This account is recalled knowledge, not a source-verified description.",
                  "Check local self-designations and the precise correspondence between Mnong, M'nong, Bunong and Phnong before merging records.",
                  "Subgroup names, language identifiers and population figures require verification against sources that specify location, date and classification."
                ],
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "id": "evidence-confidence-notes-q01",
                    "text": "Which of these check these first hold for the sense of Mnong people this model covers, and on what evidence?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              },
              {
                "id": "evidence-real-world-use",
                "name": "Real-world use",
                "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.",
                "evidence": [
                  "Ethnic self-identification and community affiliation.",
                  "Ethnic classification in Vietnamese population statistics.",
                  "Documentation and transmission of languages, oral traditions and cultural practices."
                ],
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01",
                    "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of Mnong people this model covers, and on what evidence?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              },
              {
                "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards",
                "name": "Failure modes and hazards",
                "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.",
                "evidence": [
                  "Treating ethnic identity, language spoken and nationality as interchangeable.",
                  "Assuming that all Mnong communities share identical customs or a single mutually intelligible language.",
                  "Combining population counts recorded under different names without checking their coverage."
                ],
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01",
                    "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of Mnong people this model covers, and on what evidence?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              },
              {
                "id": "evidence-regional-variation",
                "name": "Regional variation",
                "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.",
                "evidence": [
                  "In Vietnam, Mnong communities are associated with the southern Central Highlands.",
                  "In Cambodia, related communities are concentrated in the northeast, especially Mondulkiri, and are commonly called Bunong or Phnong.",
                  "Names, linguistic varieties and cultural practices vary across communities and national classification systems."
                ],
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "id": "evidence-regional-variation-q01",
                    "text": "Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of Mnong people this model covers, and on what evidence?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              },
              {
                "id": "evidence-neighbours",
                "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart",
                "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.",
                "evidence": [
                  {
                    "name": "Mnong languages",
                    "difference": "These are linguistic varieties; the Mnong people are communities whose ethnic membership does not depend solely on language use."
                  },
                  {
                    "name": "Bunong people",
                    "difference": "This designation substantially overlaps with Mnong, especially in Cambodian usage; it should not automatically be treated as a separate ethnic group."
                  },
                  {
                    "name": "Montagnards",
                    "difference": "Montagnard is a broader collective designation for several highland peoples of Vietnam, including the Mnong."
                  },
                  {
                    "name": "Bahnar people",
                    "difference": "The Bahnar are a distinct ethnic group; linguistic affiliation with the Bahnaric branch does not make Mnong people Bahnar."
                  }
                ],
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01",
                    "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of Mnong people this model covers, and on what evidence?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  },
  "openQuestions": [
    "Which community-authored or community-validated sources establish preferred Mnong names and the scope of their equivalence?",
    "How do community self-identifications relate to subgroup boundaries and classifications used by administrative and scholarly sources?",
    "Which geographic accounts and population estimates are sufficiently current and comparable to support a collective overview?",
    "Which accounts of language, institutions and cultural practices remain representative of the specific communities they describe?",
    "Which representatives and information-use protocols can be verified for particular Mnong communities and proposed activities?"
  ],
  "statistics": {
    "bundles": 6,
    "layers": 11,
    "findings": 15,
    "questions": 25
  }
}
