{
  "vercy": "1.0-draft",
  "publication": {
    "status": "research-draft",
    "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed",
    "publishableCanonical": false,
    "generatedAt": "2026-09-11T12:34:42Z",
    "providers": [
      "Claude"
    ],
    "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify",
    "pass": 2,
    "wave": 1,
    "engine": "claude",
    "enrichment": {
      "pass": 3,
      "engine": "claude",
      "producedAt": "2026-10-05T17:00:00Z",
      "ingestedAt": "2026-10-05T13:29:21+00:00",
      "fields": [
        "agent_conduct",
        "ethics",
        "owners"
      ]
    },
    "gate": {
      "passed": true,
      "version": "1.0",
      "at": "2026-10-06T19:51:57+00:00",
      "evidence": [
        "completeness 1.00",
        "sense: Wikidata description",
        "2 live sources",
        "review by codex: pass"
      ]
    }
  },
  "metaModel": {
    "id": "THING-Q25428",
    "registryId": "vr.tr.voltage",
    "name": "voltage",
    "version": "0.2.0-wave.1",
    "entryKind": "thing",
    "family": "Thing Registry",
    "domain": [
      "XCT.QLT"
    ],
    "status": "research-draft"
  },
  "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q25428/",
  "model": {
    "registry_id": "vr.tr.voltage",
    "name": "voltage",
    "purpose": "Let an agent explain voltage by definition, measurement and everyday values, and route electric shock and electrical hazards to emergency help and qualified electricians.",
    "definition": "The difference in electric potential between two points, which drives electric current through a circuit, measured in volts (V); examples include battery voltages, mains supply of about 230 V in Europe and 120 V in North America, and high-voltage transmission lines.",
    "what_it_is_for": "Electrical engineering, electronics and everyday power use.",
    "affordances": [
      "explain voltage, current and resistance",
      "measure voltage safely with a meter",
      "check mains voltage and plug compatibility when travelling",
      "recognise electrical hazards"
    ],
    "distinguishing_features": [
      "Potential difference",
      "Measured in volts",
      "AC or DC",
      "Higher voltages are more hazardous"
    ],
    "appearance": "Not visible; shown on meters, labels and warning signs.",
    "visual_identification": [
      "Values in volts on labels",
      "High voltage warning signs",
      "Current is measured in amperes"
    ],
    "physical_properties": [
      {
        "quantity": "nominal mains voltage",
        "typical_range": "230 (Europe) or 120 (North America)",
        "unit": "V",
        "note": "AC supply"
      }
    ],
    "families_and_kinds": [
      "DC voltage",
      "AC voltage and RMS values",
      "low, extra-low and high voltage",
      "open-circuit voltage",
      "thermoelectric voltage"
    ],
    "related_models": [
      {
        "relation": "is a kind of",
        "target": "scalar quantity",
        "why": "category"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is measured in",
        "target": "volt",
        "why": "unit"
      },
      {
        "relation": "drives",
        "target": "electric current",
        "why": "effect"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is measured by",
        "target": "voltmeter",
        "why": "instrument"
      }
    ],
    "identifiers": [
      {
        "scheme": "SI unit",
        "value_or_pattern": "volt (V)",
        "note": "derived unit"
      }
    ],
    "standards_and_regulation": [
      "IEC 60038 standard voltages",
      "EU Low Voltage Directive",
      "National wiring regulations"
    ],
    "failure_modes_and_hazards": [
      "Electric shock and burns",
      "Using devices on the wrong voltage",
      "Untrained work on mains wiring"
    ],
    "in_scope": [],
    "out_of_scope": [],
    "characteristics": [],
    "agent_conduct": {
      "may": [
        "Measure and report voltage on equipment it is authorized to work with, using rated instruments.",
        "Explain supply voltages in different countries and when a converter is needed."
      ],
      "must_not": [
        "Work on or advise untrained people to work on live mains or high-voltage equipment.",
        "Bypass isolation, earthing or protective devices.",
        "Connect devices to a supply voltage they are not rated for.",
        "Approach high-voltage lines or equipment closer than safe distances."
      ],
      "requires_human": [
        "Energising or isolating a circuit that others may be working on."
      ]
    },
    "ethics": {
      "considerations": [
        "Electric shock kills; voltage safety rules protect workers and households.",
        "Unsafe wiring causes fires that harm neighbours too."
      ],
      "affected_parties": [
        "Electricians and maintenance workers",
        "Households",
        "Children near electrical equipment"
      ]
    },
    "owners": {
      "steward": "Nobody owns the quantity; the network operator answers for the supply and electrical safety regulators set the rules.",
      "master_systems": []
    }
  },
  "sources": [
    {
      "id": "wikidata",
      "title": "Wikidata item Q25428: voltage",
      "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428",
      "url_status": "live",
      "what_it_supports": "identity and sense of the item",
      "checked_by": "wikidata-api"
    },
    {
      "id": "wikipedia-en",
      "title": "Wikipedia: Voltage",
      "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voltage",
      "url_status": "live",
      "what_it_supports": "general description of the item",
      "checked_by": "wikidata-api sitelink"
    }
  ],
  "structure": {
    "bundles": [
      {
        "id": "concept",
        "name": "Concept",
        "description": "What it is.",
        "rationale": "Potential difference drives current.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "define",
            "name": "Define",
            "description": "Definition.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "define-finding",
                "name": "Define",
                "description": "Definition.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What is voltage, and how does it relate to current and resistance by Ohm law?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "What is the voltage in this circuit?",
                    "kind": "measurement"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "acdc",
            "name": "AC and DC",
            "description": "Types.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "acdc-finding",
                "name": "AC and DC",
                "description": "AC and DC.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How do AC and DC voltage differ?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "What does RMS mean?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "measurement",
        "name": "Measurement",
        "description": "Meters.",
        "rationale": "Measure safely.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "meter",
            "name": "Meter",
            "description": "Using a multimeter.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "meter-finding",
                "name": "Meter",
                "description": "Measuring voltage.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How is voltage measured safely with a multimeter?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which meter category rating is needed?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "travel",
            "name": "Travel",
            "description": "Mains abroad.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "travel-finding",
                "name": "Travel",
                "description": "Mains abroad.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What mains voltage and plug type are used in this country?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Does the device accept that voltage?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "safety",
        "name": "Safety",
        "description": "Hazards.",
        "rationale": "Safety comes first.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "shock",
            "name": "Shock",
            "description": "Electric shock.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "shock-finding",
                "name": "Shock",
                "description": "Electric shock.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Has someone had an electric shock or is still in contact with a live source?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Should the power be switched off without touching them and emergency services called?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "wiring",
            "name": "Wiring",
            "description": "Mains work.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "wiring-finding",
                "name": "Wiring",
                "description": "Mains work.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Is the user planning work on mains wiring?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Should a qualified electrician be used, according to local rules?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "engineering",
        "name": "Engineering",
        "description": "Design.",
        "rationale": "Design needs correct voltage.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "design",
            "name": "Design",
            "description": "Circuit design.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "design-finding",
                "name": "Design",
                "description": "Circuit design.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Which voltage regulator or supply suits this circuit?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "What tolerance is acceptable?",
                    "kind": "measurement"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "grid",
            "name": "Grid",
            "description": "Transmission.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "grid-finding",
                "name": "Grid",
                "description": "Transmission voltages.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Why is electricity transmitted at high voltage?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "What voltages are used here?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  },
  "openQuestions": [
    "Should voltage categories be separate entries?",
    "How should national mains data be linked?",
    "How should safety guidance be localised?"
  ],
  "statistics": {
    "bundles": 4,
    "layers": 8,
    "findings": 8,
    "questions": 16
  }
}