{
  "vercy": "1.0-draft",
  "publication": {
    "status": "research-draft",
    "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed",
    "publishableCanonical": false,
    "generatedAt": "2026-09-12T05:28:14Z",
    "providers": [
      "Claude"
    ],
    "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify",
    "pass": 2,
    "wave": 2,
    "engine": "claude",
    "enrichment": {
      "pass": 3,
      "engine": "claude",
      "producedAt": "2026-10-05T23:59:00Z",
      "ingestedAt": "2026-10-05T20:56:54+00:00",
      "fields": [
        "agent_conduct",
        "ethics",
        "owners"
      ]
    },
    "gate": {
      "passed": true,
      "version": "1.0",
      "at": "2026-10-06T19:51:59+00:00",
      "evidence": [
        "completeness 1.00",
        "sense: Wikidata description",
        "2 live sources",
        "review by codex: pass"
      ]
    }
  },
  "metaModel": {
    "id": "THING-Q3320608",
    "registryId": "vr.tr.kilowatt",
    "name": "kilowatt",
    "version": "0.2.0-wave.2",
    "entryKind": "thing",
    "family": "Thing Registry",
    "domain": [
      "XCT.QTY"
    ],
    "status": "research-draft"
  },
  "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q3320608/",
  "model": {
    "registry_id": "vr.tr.kilowatt",
    "name": "kilowatt",
    "purpose": "Let an agent explain the kilowatt and its relation to the watt, kilowatt-hour and other power units, support conversions and calculations, describe its use in ratings and energy billing, and address common confusions between power and energy.",
    "definition": "A unit of power equal to one thousand watts, an SI derived unit used to rate electric motors, generators, heaters, vehicles and appliances, to express the output of power plants together with the megawatt, and, as kilowatt thermal, to distinguish heat output from electrical output; the kilowatt-hour, the energy delivered by one kilowatt over one hour, is the unit in which electricity is metered and sold.",
    "what_it_is_for": "One thousand watts of power.",
    "affordances": [
      "explain the unit",
      "support conversions",
      "describe ratings and billing",
      "address confusions"
    ],
    "distinguishing_features": [
      "SI derived",
      "Decimal multiple",
      "Power not energy",
      "Thermal and electrical variants"
    ],
    "appearance": "Not physical; a unit.",
    "visual_identification": [
      "One thousand watts",
      "Power rating of machines and plants",
      "The kilowatt-hour is energy; horsepower is a non-SI power unit"
    ],
    "physical_properties": [],
    "families_and_kinds": [
      "kilowatt electrical",
      "kilowatt thermal",
      "kilowatt peak for solar panels",
      "kilowatt in vehicle ratings",
      "kilowatt in relation to the kilowatt-hour"
    ],
    "related_models": [
      {
        "relation": "is a kind of",
        "target": "unit of power",
        "why": "category"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is a kind of",
        "target": "SI derived unit",
        "why": "category"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is related to",
        "target": "mechanical efficiency",
        "why": "input and output power"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is related to",
        "target": "heat",
        "why": "thermal power output"
      }
    ],
    "identifiers": [],
    "standards_and_regulation": [
      "SI definitions",
      "Appliance and vehicle rating standards",
      "Electricity metering regulations"
    ],
    "failure_modes_and_hazards": [
      "Confusing kilowatt with kilowatt-hour",
      "Confusing peak and continuous ratings",
      "Unit conversion errors"
    ],
    "in_scope": [],
    "out_of_scope": [],
    "characteristics": [],
    "agent_conduct": {
      "may": [
        "Convert kilowatts to other power units and explain kilowatts versus kilowatt-hours.",
        "Report the power rating or draw of equipment it is authorized to monitor."
      ],
      "must_not": [
        "Confuse kilowatts with kilowatt-hours in bills or energy reports.",
        "Run equipment above its rated power or overload circuits.",
        "Misstate a product's rated power in labels or listings.",
        "Present peak power as continuous rating."
      ],
      "requires_human": [
        "Changing loads on an electrical installation near its capacity."
      ]
    },
    "ethics": {
      "considerations": [
        "Misunderstood power ratings lead to overloaded circuits and fires.",
        "Energy bills based on confused units can mislead households."
      ],
      "affected_parties": [
        "Households and bill payers",
        "Electricians",
        "Equipment users"
      ]
    },
    "owners": {
      "steward": "Nobody: an SI derived unit maintained by the international metrology system.",
      "master_systems": []
    }
  },
  "sources": [
    {
      "id": "wikidata",
      "title": "Wikidata item Q3320608: kilowatt",
      "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3320608",
      "url_status": "live",
      "what_it_supports": "identity and sense of the item",
      "checked_by": "wikidata-api"
    },
    {
      "id": "wikipedia-en",
      "title": "Wikipedia: Kilowatt",
      "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kilowatt",
      "url_status": "live",
      "what_it_supports": "general description of the item",
      "checked_by": "wikidata-api sitelink"
    }
  ],
  "structure": {
    "bundles": [
      {
        "id": "understand",
        "name": "Understand",
        "description": "What a kilowatt is.",
        "rationale": "Metrology.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "concept",
            "name": "Concept",
            "description": "Concept and relations.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "concept-finding",
                "name": "Concept",
                "description": "Concept.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What is a kilowatt, and how does it relate to the watt, the kilowatt-hour and horsepower?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Is power or energy meant?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "variants",
            "name": "Variants",
            "description": "Variants.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "variants-finding",
                "name": "Variants",
                "description": "Variants.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What do kilowatt electrical, kilowatt thermal and kilowatt peak mean?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits a specific variant?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "calculate",
        "name": "Calculate",
        "description": "Calculation and conversion.",
        "rationale": "Practice.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "convert",
            "name": "Convert",
            "description": "Converting.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "convert-finding",
                "name": "Convert",
                "description": "Conversion.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How can this value be converted between kilowatts, horsepower and other units?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which units apply?",
                    "kind": "measurement"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "energy",
            "name": "Energy",
            "description": "Power to energy.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "energy-finding",
                "name": "Energy",
                "description": "Energy.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How is energy use in kilowatt-hours calculated from power and time for this appliance?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits electricity billing?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "apply",
        "name": "Apply",
        "description": "Ratings and applications.",
        "rationale": "Applications.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "ratings",
            "name": "Ratings",
            "description": "Ratings.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "ratings-finding",
                "name": "Ratings",
                "description": "Ratings.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How are appliances, motors, vehicles and power plants rated in kilowatts and megawatts?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits a specific application?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "billing",
            "name": "Billing",
            "description": "Metering and billing.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "billing-finding",
                "name": "Billing",
                "description": "Billing.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How do meters and tariffs use kilowatts and kilowatt-hours?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits electricity tariffs?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "learn",
        "name": "Learn",
        "description": "History and teaching.",
        "rationale": "Education.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "history",
            "name": "History",
            "description": "History.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "history-finding",
                "name": "History",
                "description": "History.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How did the watt and kilowatt come to be defined and adopted?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which references are standard?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "teach",
            "name": "Teach",
            "description": "Teaching.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "teach-finding",
                "name": "Teach",
                "description": "Teaching.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How can the difference between power and energy be taught?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which misconceptions arise?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  },
  "openQuestions": [
    "Should the kilowatt-hour be a separate entry?",
    "How should SI documentation be linked?",
    "How should rating standards be linked?"
  ],
  "statistics": {
    "bundles": 4,
    "layers": 8,
    "findings": 8,
    "questions": 16
  }
}