{
  "vercy": "1.0-draft",
  "publication": {
    "status": "research-draft",
    "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed",
    "publishableCanonical": false,
    "generatedAt": "2026-09-12T19:59:28Z",
    "providers": [
      "Claude"
    ],
    "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify",
    "pass": 2,
    "wave": 3,
    "engine": "claude",
    "enrichment": {
      "pass": 3,
      "engine": "claude",
      "producedAt": "2026-10-06T10:00:00Z",
      "ingestedAt": "2026-10-06T06:58:34+00:00",
      "fields": [
        "agent_conduct",
        "ethics",
        "owners"
      ]
    },
    "gate": {
      "passed": true,
      "version": "1.0",
      "at": "2026-10-06T19:51:59+00:00",
      "evidence": [
        "completeness 1.00",
        "sense: Wikidata description",
        "2 live sources",
        "review by codex: pass"
      ]
    }
  },
  "metaModel": {
    "id": "THING-Q33215",
    "registryId": "vr.tr.constructed-language",
    "name": "constructed language",
    "version": "0.2.0-wave.3",
    "entryKind": "thing",
    "family": "Thing Registry",
    "domain": [
      "INF.MED"
    ],
    "status": "research-draft"
  },
  "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q33215/",
  "model": {
    "registry_id": "vr.tr.constructed-language",
    "name": "constructed language",
    "purpose": "Let an agent explain constructed languages and their purposes, identify a conlang and its resources, distinguish auxiliary, engineered and artistic languages, relay codes and community information, and separate conlangs from natural languages, pidgins and programming languages.",
    "definition": "A language whose grammar and vocabulary were deliberately designed by a person or group rather than having developed naturally, for purposes such as international communication, philosophical experiment, artistic world-building or controlled technical use; examples include Esperanto, Volapuk, Lojban, Klingon and Toki Pona.",
    "what_it_is_for": "Communication, experiment or art by design.",
    "affordances": [
      "identify a constructed language and its purpose",
      "explain its design and resources",
      "distinguish kinds of conlang",
      "relay codes and communities"
    ],
    "distinguishing_features": [
      "Deliberately designed",
      "Purpose defines the kind",
      "Documented from creation",
      "Community and use may follow or not"
    ],
    "appearance": "Not visible; seen in texts, grammars and communities using the language.",
    "visual_identification": [
      "Known creator or design group and date",
      "Documented grammar and vocabulary from the start",
      "Pidgins and creoles arise naturally; programming languages are formal, not human languages"
    ],
    "physical_properties": [
      {
        "quantity": "Esperanto speakers",
        "typical_range": "estimates vary widely",
        "unit": "people",
        "note": "from tens of thousands of fluent speakers to millions with some knowledge"
      }
    ],
    "families_and_kinds": [
      "international auxiliary languages such as Esperanto and Interlingua",
      "philosophical and engineered languages such as Lojban",
      "artistic languages such as Klingon and Quenya",
      "controlled natural languages for technical writing",
      "derived languages from earlier conlangs, such as Ido",
      "minimalist languages such as Toki Pona"
    ],
    "related_models": [
      {
        "relation": "is a kind of",
        "target": "language",
        "why": "a designed language"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is contrasted with",
        "target": "natural language",
        "why": "developed without deliberate design"
      },
      {
        "relation": "includes",
        "target": "Esperanto",
        "why": "the most widely used example"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is confused with",
        "target": "programming language",
        "why": "a formal notation, not a human language"
      }
    ],
    "identifiers": [
      {
        "scheme": "ISO 639-3",
        "value_or_pattern": "per language, such as epo for Esperanto",
        "note": "assigned to some conlangs"
      },
      {
        "scheme": "ConLang Code Registry",
        "value_or_pattern": "per language",
        "note": "community registry for others"
      }
    ],
    "standards_and_regulation": [
      "ISO 639 language code assignment rules",
      "Copyright treatment of constructed languages, which varies",
      "Academies or bodies for some languages, such as the Akademio de Esperanto"
    ],
    "failure_modes_and_hazards": [
      "Overstated speaker numbers",
      "Confusing conlangs with pidgins or codes",
      "Ownership disputes over languages"
    ],
    "in_scope": [],
    "out_of_scope": [],
    "characteristics": [],
    "agent_conduct": {
      "may": [
        "Describe constructed languages, their creators and purposes from reliable sources.",
        "Teach, translate and generate text in a constructed language with documented grammar."
      ],
      "must_not": [
        "Present invented vocabulary or rules as part of a documented constructed language.",
        "Dismiss a constructed language's speaker community as not real.",
        "Reproduce a language owned as part of a fictional work beyond what its rights holder allows."
      ],
      "requires_human": [
        "Publishing new words or rules as official for a language with a governing body or creator."
      ]
    },
    "ethics": {
      "considerations": [
        "Some constructed languages carry ideals and communities that deserve respect.",
        "Creators of artistic languages may hold rights over their published material."
      ],
      "affected_parties": [
        "Speakers and learners",
        "Language creators"
      ]
    },
    "owners": {
      "steward": "The creator or the community or academy that maintains it; nobody for languages released freely.",
      "master_systems": []
    }
  },
  "sources": [
    {
      "id": "wikidata",
      "title": "Wikidata item Q33215: constructed language",
      "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33215",
      "url_status": "live",
      "what_it_supports": "identity and sense of the item",
      "checked_by": "wikidata-api"
    },
    {
      "id": "wikipedia-en",
      "title": "Wikipedia: Constructed language",
      "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constructed_language",
      "url_status": "live",
      "what_it_supports": "general description of the item",
      "checked_by": "wikidata-api sitelink"
    }
  ],
  "structure": {
    "bundles": [
      {
        "id": "identify",
        "name": "Identify",
        "description": "Which language and kind.",
        "rationale": "Identity.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "which",
            "name": "Which",
            "description": "Name and purpose.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "which-finding",
                "name": "Which",
                "description": "Which.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Which constructed language is meant, who designed it, when, and for what purpose?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Is it a constructed language, a natural language, a pidgin or a formal notation?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "kind",
            "name": "Kind",
            "description": "Kind.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "kind-finding",
                "name": "Kind",
                "description": "Kind.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Is it auxiliary, engineered, artistic or controlled, and what follows from that?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits the specific language?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "design",
        "name": "Design",
        "description": "How it is built.",
        "rationale": "Design.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "grammar",
            "name": "Grammar",
            "description": "Grammar and vocabulary.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "grammar-finding",
                "name": "Grammar",
                "description": "Grammar.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What are the design principles of its grammar, phonology and vocabulary?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which grammar or reference documents it?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "evolution",
            "name": "Evolution",
            "description": "Change after creation.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "evolution-finding",
                "name": "Evolution",
                "description": "Evolution.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How has the language changed through use, and who governs it?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits language change?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "use",
        "name": "Use",
        "description": "Community and resources.",
        "rationale": "Use.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "community",
            "name": "Community",
            "description": "Speakers and community.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "community-finding",
                "name": "Community",
                "description": "Community.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Who uses the language, where, and how are speaker numbers estimated?",
                    "kind": "measurement"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which sources give estimates?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "resources",
            "name": "Resources",
            "description": "Learning and codes.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "resources-finding",
                "name": "Resources",
                "description": "Resources.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What learning resources, codes and registries exist?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits language codes?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "context",
        "name": "Context",
        "description": "History and study.",
        "rationale": "Context.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "history",
            "name": "History",
            "description": "History of conlangs.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "history-finding",
                "name": "History",
                "description": "History.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How did constructed languages develop from philosophical languages to modern auxiliary and artistic languages?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which references are standard?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "study",
            "name": "Study",
            "description": "Scholarship.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "study-finding",
                "name": "Study",
                "description": "Study.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How do interlinguistics and linguistics study constructed languages?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Is the presentation neutral about the merits of particular languages?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  },
  "openQuestions": [
    "Should each major conlang be a separate entry?",
    "How should speaker estimates be sourced?",
    "The registry entry has merged aliases naming derived languages and mixed languages; should they be split off?"
  ],
  "statistics": {
    "bundles": 4,
    "layers": 8,
    "findings": 8,
    "questions": 16
  }
}