{ "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-13T21:11:32Z", "providers": [ "Claude" ], "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify", "pass": 2, "wave": 4, "engine": "claude", "enrichment": { "pass": 3, "engine": "claude", "producedAt": "2026-10-06T11:00:00Z", "ingestedAt": "2026-10-06T07:34:24+00:00", "fields": [ "agent_conduct", "ethics", "owners" ] }, "gate": { "passed": true, "version": "1.0", "at": "2026-10-06T19:51:59+00:00", "evidence": [ "completeness 1.00", "sense: Wikidata description", "2 live sources", "review by codex: pass" ] } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q3508789", "registryId": "vr.tr.pseudobulbar-affect", "name": "pseudobulbar affect", "version": "0.2.0-wave.4", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "ACT.EVT" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q3508789/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.pseudobulbar-affect", "name": "pseudobulbar affect", "purpose": "Let an agent explain pseudobulbar affect in general terms, relay causes, recognition and treatments from neurology sources, point people to neurologists, describe the misfiled aliases as distinct concepts, and distinguish pseudobulbar affect from depression, bipolar disorder, flat affect and emotional detachment, without diagnosing individuals.", "definition": "A neurological condition in which a person has sudden, involuntary episodes of crying or laughing that are exaggerated or do not match how they feel, also called pseudobulbar affect or emotional lability, occurring with conditions such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, multiple sclerosis, stroke, traumatic brain injury and dementia, often mistaken for depression; treatments include dextromethorphan with quinidine, approved in the United States in 2010, and some antidepressants. The registry aliases reduced affect display and emotional detachment describe diminished emotional expression, a different phenomenon, and appear misfiled.", "what_it_is_for": "Not applicable; a neurological condition.", "affordances": [ "explain in general terms", "relay causes and treatments", "distinguish related conditions", "point to neurological care" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Involuntary episodes", "Mismatch with mood", "Neurological cause", "Treatable" ], "appearance": "Sudden bursts of crying or laughter disproportionate to the situation.", "visual_identification": [ "Involuntary crying or laughing episodes from neurological disease", "Pseudobulbar affect, emotional lability, involuntary emotional expression disorder", "Depression is a mood disorder; bipolar disorder involves mood episodes; flat affect is reduced expression; emotional detachment is disconnection" ], "physical_properties": [ { "quantity": "FDA approval of dextromethorphan-quinidine", "typical_range": "2010", "unit": "year", "note": "" }, { "quantity": "associated conditions", "typical_range": "ALS, MS, stroke, TBI, dementia", "unit": "list", "note": "" }, { "quantity": "screening tool", "typical_range": "Center for Neurologic Study-Lability Scale", "unit": "note", "note": "" } ], "families_and_kinds": [ "pathological crying", "pathological laughing", "post-stroke emotionalism" ], "related_models": [ { "relation": "is a kind of", "target": "emotional disorder", "why": "in registry terms" }, { "relation": "occurs with", "target": "amyotrophic lateral sclerosis", "why": "among other conditions" }, { "relation": "is contrasted with", "target": "major depressive disorder", "why": "" }, { "relation": "is contrasted with", "target": "reduced affect display", "why": "misfiled alias" } ], "identifiers": [], "standards_and_regulation": [ "Neurology guidelines", "Medicine approvals for PBA treatments" ], "failure_modes_and_hazards": [ "Misdiagnosis as depression", "Social embarrassment and isolation", "Misfiled aliases for opposite phenomena" ], "in_scope": [], "out_of_scope": [], "characteristics": [], "agent_conduct": { "may": [ "Explain the condition in plain terms from medical sources and point people to a clinician.", "Help a person with the condition explain it to others, if they ask." ], "must_not": [ "Diagnose the condition in a person or mistake it for depression or mania without a clinician.", "Mock or film someone during an episode of involuntary crying or laughing.", "Advise starting or stopping medication.", "Disclose a person's neurological diagnosis without consent." ], "requires_human": [ "Any treatment decision for the condition." ] }, "ethics": { "considerations": [ "Involuntary laughing or crying is easily misread, leading to stigma and isolation.", "People with brain injury or neurological disease deserve dignity in public." ], "affected_parties": [ "People with the condition", "Families and carers" ] }, "owners": { "steward": "The person who has it; clinicians answer for diagnosis and treatment.", "master_systems": [] } }, "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata item Q3508789: pseudobulbar affect", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3508789", "url_status": "live", "what_it_supports": "identity and sense of the item", "checked_by": "wikidata-api" }, { "id": "wikipedia-en", "title": "Wikipedia: Pseudobulbar affect", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pseudobulbar_affect", "url_status": "live", "what_it_supports": "general description of the item", "checked_by": "wikidata-api sitelink" } ], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "understand", "name": "Understand", "description": "What pseudobulbar affect is.", "rationale": "Attribution.", "layers": [ { "id": "definition", "name": "Definition", "description": "Definition.", "findings": [ { "id": "definition-finding", "name": "Definition", "description": "Definition.", "questions": [ { "text": "What is pseudobulbar affect, and how does it differ from depression, bipolar disorder, flat affect and emotional detachment?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "Is the question about a person with a neurological condition who needs a neurologist, or about someone feeling persistently low or unsafe, who should seek mental health support?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "aliases", "name": "Aliases", "description": "Misfiled aliases.", "findings": [ { "id": "aliases-finding", "name": "Aliases", "description": "Aliases.", "questions": [ { "text": "What are reduced affect display and emotional detachment, and why are they different?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "Which entry fits the specific concept?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "medical", "name": "Medical", "description": "Causes and recognition.", "rationale": "Attribution.", "layers": [ { "id": "causes", "name": "Causes", "description": "Causes.", "findings": [ { "id": "causes-finding", "name": "Causes", "description": "Causes.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which neurological conditions cause PBA, and what mechanisms are proposed?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which references are standard?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "recognition", "name": "Recognition", "description": "Recognition.", "findings": [ { "id": "recognition-finding", "name": "Recognition", "description": "Recognition.", "questions": [ { "text": "How do clinicians distinguish PBA from depression?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which sources are cited?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "treatment", "name": "Treatment", "description": "Treatment.", "rationale": "Regulation.", "layers": [ { "id": "medicines", "name": "Medicines", "description": "Medicines.", "findings": [ { "id": "medicines-finding", "name": "Medicines", "description": "Medicines.", "questions": [ { "text": "What treatments are used, in general terms?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits dextromethorphan/quinidine?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "coping", "name": "Coping", "description": "Coping strategies.", "findings": [ { "id": "coping-finding", "name": "Coping", "description": "Coping.", "questions": [ { "text": "What coping strategies do patient organisations suggest?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits stroke rehabilitation?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "context", "name": "Context", "description": "Living with PBA.", "rationale": "Context.", "layers": [ { "id": "als", "name": "ALS and MS", "description": "Associated diseases.", "findings": [ { "id": "als-finding", "name": "ALS and MS", "description": "ALS and MS.", "questions": [ { "text": "How common is PBA in ALS and MS?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits multiple sclerosis?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "social", "name": "Social", "description": "Social impact.", "findings": [ { "id": "social-finding", "name": "Social", "description": "Social.", "questions": [ { "text": "How can families and colleagues respond supportively?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits caregiver?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "The registry aliases reduced affect display and emotional detachment should be moved to their own entries", "How should neurology sources be linked?", "Should post-stroke emotionalism be a separate entry?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 4, "layers": 8, "findings": 8, "questions": 16 } }