{ "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-13T14:33:27Z", "providers": [ "Claude" ], "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify", "pass": 2, "wave": 4, "engine": "claude", "enrichment": { "pass": 3, "engine": "claude", "producedAt": "2026-10-06T11:00:00Z", "ingestedAt": "2026-10-06T07:37:56+00:00", "fields": [ "agent_conduct", "ethics", "owners" ] }, "gate": { "passed": true, "version": "1.0", "at": "2026-10-06T19:51:59+00:00", "evidence": [ "completeness 1.00", "sense: Wikidata description", "2 live sources", "review by codex: pass" ] } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q40171", "registryId": "vr.tr.neanderthal", "name": "Neanderthal", "version": "0.2.0-wave.4", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "PHY.LIV" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q40171/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.neanderthal", "name": "Neanderthal", "purpose": "Let an agent explain Neanderthals and their biology, relay evidence on behaviour, distribution, extinction and genetics from palaeoanthropology sources with attribution, describe the Gibraltar and Southwest Asian populations, and distinguish Neanderthals from Homo sapiens, Denisovans and earlier Homo species.", "definition": "An extinct species or subspecies of archaic human, Homo neanderthalensis, that lived in Europe and Southwest Asia from about 400000 to 40000 years ago, with robust bodies, large brains and a record of tool making, fire use, burial and symbolic behaviour, known from sites including Gibraltar, where late populations survived, and Southwest Asia, where they overlapped with modern humans; Neanderthals interbred with Homo sapiens, leaving genetic traces in living people outside Africa.", "what_it_is_for": "Not applicable; an extinct human species.", "affordances": [ "explain biology and behaviour", "relay evidence and debates", "describe regional populations", "distinguish related humans" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Robust build", "Cold adaptation", "Symbolic behaviour", "Interbreeding with sapiens" ], "appearance": "Robust archaic humans with prominent brow ridges and large noses, known from fossils.", "visual_identification": [ "Archaic human of Eurasia", "Neanderthals of Gibraltar, Neanderthals in Southwest Asia", "Homo sapiens are modern humans; Denisovans are a sister group; Homo heidelbergensis is ancestral" ], "physical_properties": [ { "quantity": "time range", "typical_range": "about 400000 to 40000 years ago", "unit": "period", "note": "" }, { "quantity": "brain volume", "typical_range": "about 1400-1600", "unit": "cubic cm", "note": "average" }, { "quantity": "Neanderthal ancestry in non-Africans", "typical_range": "about 1-2", "unit": "percent", "note": "" }, { "quantity": "first fossil recognised", "typical_range": "1856", "unit": "year", "note": "Neander Valley" } ], "families_and_kinds": [ "early Neanderthals", "classic European Neanderthals", "Neanderthals in Southwest Asia", "late Neanderthals of Gibraltar and Iberia", "Neanderthal genomes and hybrid individuals" ], "related_models": [ { "relation": "is a kind of", "target": "archaic human", "why": "in registry terms" }, { "relation": "belongs to", "target": "Homo", "why": "the genus" }, { "relation": "interbred with", "target": "Homo sapiens", "why": "leaving genetic traces" }, { "relation": "is a sister group of", "target": "Denisovan", "why": "" } ], "identifiers": [], "standards_and_regulation": [ "Heritage protection of fossil sites such as Gorham s Cave", "Ethics rules for ancient DNA research" ], "failure_modes_and_hazards": [ "Outdated stereotypes of brutishness", "Presenting debated claims as settled", "Registry aliases naming regional populations" ], "in_scope": [], "out_of_scope": [], "characteristics": [], "agent_conduct": { "may": [ "Explain what is known of Neanderthals from archaeology and ancient DNA, with attribution.", "Separate well-supported findings from debated claims about their behaviour and extinction." ], "must_not": [ "Repeat the stereotype of Neanderthals as brutish and unintelligent.", "Use Neanderthal ancestry to rank human populations or support racial claims.", "Present debated claims about symbolic behaviour or interbreeding as settled.", "Excavate, sample or move hominin remains without authorization." ], "requires_human": [ "Any sampling or excavation of hominin remains.", "Publishing ancestry results that concern living populations." ] }, "ethics": { "considerations": [ "Human-origins claims are readily twisted into racist arguments.", "Hominin remains and their sites are heritage that cannot be replaced." ], "affected_parties": [ "Living populations compared on ancestry", "Researchers", "Communities near excavation sites" ] }, "owners": { "steward": "Nobody; remains and sites are held by states and museums under heritage law.", "master_systems": [ "National heritage and museum collection records", "Ancient DNA databases" ] } }, "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata item Q40171: Neanderthal", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40171", "url_status": "live", "what_it_supports": "identity and sense of the item", "checked_by": "wikidata-api" }, { "id": "wikipedia-en", "title": "Wikipedia: Neanderthal", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neanderthal", "url_status": "live", "what_it_supports": "general description of the item", "checked_by": "wikidata-api sitelink" } ], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "understand", "name": "Understand", "description": "Who Neanderthals were.", "rationale": "Science.", "layers": [ { "id": "definition", "name": "Definition", "description": "Definition and biology.", "findings": [ { "id": "definition-finding", "name": "Definition", "description": "Definition.", "questions": [ { "text": "Who were the Neanderthals, and how do they differ from Homo sapiens, Denisovans and earlier Homo?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "Is the question about biology, behaviour, genetics, a region or extinction?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "regions", "name": "Regions", "description": "Regional populations.", "findings": [ { "id": "regions-finding", "name": "Regions", "description": "Regions.", "questions": [ { "text": "What is known about the Neanderthals of Gibraltar and of Southwest Asia?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "Which entry fits the specific site or region?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence", "name": "Evidence", "description": "Behaviour and evidence.", "rationale": "Attribution.", "layers": [ { "id": "behaviour", "name": "Behaviour", "description": "Behaviour.", "findings": [ { "id": "behaviour-finding", "name": "Behaviour", "description": "Behaviour.", "questions": [ { "text": "What does evidence show about tools, fire, burial, art and language, with debates attributed?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which references are standard?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "genetics", "name": "Genetics", "description": "Genetics.", "findings": [ { "id": "genetics-finding", "name": "Genetics", "description": "Genetics.", "questions": [ { "text": "What have Neanderthal genomes revealed about interbreeding and inheritance in living people?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which sources are cited?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "extinction", "name": "Extinction", "description": "Extinction.", "rationale": "Attribution.", "layers": [ { "id": "causes", "name": "Causes", "description": "Causes.", "findings": [ { "id": "causes-finding", "name": "Causes", "description": "Causes.", "questions": [ { "text": "Why did Neanderthals disappear, with climate, competition and assimilation hypotheses attributed?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Is the presentation attributed?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "timing", "name": "Timing", "description": "Timing.", "findings": [ { "id": "timing-finding", "name": "Timing", "description": "Timing.", "questions": [ { "text": "When and where did the last Neanderthals live, as dating evidence suggests?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits Gorham s Cave?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "context", "name": "Context", "description": "History and culture.", "rationale": "Context.", "layers": [ { "id": "history", "name": "History", "description": "History of research.", "findings": [ { "id": "history-finding", "name": "History", "description": "History.", "questions": [ { "text": "How has the image of Neanderthals changed since 1856?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits the history of palaeoanthropology?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "culture", "name": "Culture", "description": "Culture.", "findings": [ { "id": "culture-finding", "name": "Culture", "description": "Culture.", "questions": [ { "text": "How are Neanderthals portrayed in fiction and media?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits Neanderthals in popular culture?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Should Neanderthal genetics and Gorham s Cave be separate primary entries?", "How should palaeoanthropology sources be linked?", "The registry entry has merged aliases naming regional populations; should they be split off?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 4, "layers": 8, "findings": 8, "questions": 16 } }