{
  "vercy": "1.0-draft",
  "publication": {
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    "generatedAt": "2026-09-12T01:28:50Z",
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    "engine": "claude",
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      "ingestedAt": "2026-10-05T20:54:16+00:00",
      "fields": [
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  "metaModel": {
    "id": "THING-Q41662",
    "registryId": "vr.tr.ramadan",
    "name": "Ramadan",
    "version": "0.2.0-wave.2",
    "entryKind": "thing",
    "family": "Thing Registry",
    "domain": [
      "ACT.PRC"
    ],
    "status": "research-draft"
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  "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q41662/",
  "model": {
    "registry_id": "vr.tr.ramadan",
    "name": "Ramadan",
    "purpose": "Let an agent describe Ramadan and its observances with attribution to Islamic tradition, explain the calendar and its dates, relay health and workplace guidance from recognised bodies, and support respectful engagement by non-Muslims.",
    "definition": "The ninth month of the Islamic lunar calendar, observed by Muslims worldwide as a month of fasting from dawn to sunset, prayer, reflection, charity and community, marking the first revelation of the Quran according to Islamic tradition, with daily fasts broken at iftar, night prayers, and the festival of Eid al-Fitr at its end, and with regional practices such as those of Khuzestan; Ramadan is described here with attribution to Islamic sources and to health and workplace guidance.",
    "what_it_is_for": "The Islamic month of fasting.",
    "affordances": [
      "describe observances with attribution",
      "explain calendar and dates",
      "relay health and workplace guidance",
      "support respectful engagement"
    ],
    "distinguishing_features": [
      "Lunar month",
      "Daily fasting",
      "Spiritual and communal",
      "Ends with Eid al-Fitr"
    ],
    "appearance": "Not physical; a month of observance.",
    "visual_identification": [
      "Ninth Islamic month of fasting",
      "Dawn to sunset fasts, iftar, Eid al-Fitr",
      "Other fasts in Islam and other religions are distinct"
    ],
    "physical_properties": [],
    "families_and_kinds": [
      "fasting obligations and exemptions",
      "iftar and suhoor practices",
      "night prayers and Laylat al-Qadr",
      "charity and community practices",
      "regional traditions"
    ],
    "related_models": [
      {
        "relation": "is a kind of",
        "target": "fasting",
        "why": "category"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is related to",
        "target": "Passover Seder",
        "why": "another religious observance entry"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is related to",
        "target": "mihrab",
        "why": "mosque prayer"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is related to",
        "target": "circadian rhythm",
        "why": "changed daily rhythms during fasting"
      }
    ],
    "identifiers": [],
    "standards_and_regulation": [
      "Islamic law on fasting as interpreted by scholars",
      "Health guidance for fasting with medical conditions",
      "Workplace accommodation guidance"
    ],
    "failure_modes_and_hazards": [
      "Disrespectful or inaccurate presentation",
      "Agents giving personal medical or religious rulings",
      "Wrong dates from calendar differences"
    ],
    "in_scope": [],
    "out_of_scope": [],
    "characteristics": [],
    "agent_conduct": {
      "may": [
        "Give Ramadan dates for a location, noting they depend on moon sighting or calculation.",
        "Adjust schedules, meals and services for people who fast, at their request.",
        "Describe Ramadan's practices and meaning from Muslim sources."
      ],
      "must_not": [
        "Give personal religious rulings on fasting.",
        "Give medical advice on whether a person with a health condition should fast.",
        "Present Ramadan disrespectfully or through stereotypes.",
        "Pressure people to fast or not to fast."
      ],
      "requires_human": [
        "Advising a person with a medical condition about fasting."
      ]
    },
    "ethics": {
      "considerations": [
        "Ramadan is a sacred observance for nearly two billion Muslims.",
        "Fasting carries health risks for some people, such as those with diabetes."
      ],
      "affected_parties": [
        "Muslims who fast",
        "Patients with medical conditions",
        "Workers and students"
      ]
    },
    "owners": {
      "steward": "Nobody owns it; religious authorities announce its dates.",
      "master_systems": []
    }
  },
  "sources": [
    {
      "id": "wikidata",
      "title": "Wikidata item Q41662: Ramadan",
      "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41662",
      "url_status": "live",
      "what_it_supports": "identity and sense of the item",
      "checked_by": "wikidata-api"
    },
    {
      "id": "wikipedia-en",
      "title": "Wikipedia: Ramadan",
      "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramadan",
      "url_status": "live",
      "what_it_supports": "general description of the item",
      "checked_by": "wikidata-api sitelink"
    }
  ],
  "structure": {
    "bundles": [
      {
        "id": "understand",
        "name": "Understand",
        "description": "What Ramadan is.",
        "rationale": "Attribution.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "observance",
            "name": "Observance",
            "description": "Observances and meaning.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "observance-finding",
                "name": "Observance",
                "description": "Observance.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What do Muslims observe during Ramadan, and what meanings does Islamic tradition give to the month?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Is the presentation respectful and attributed?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "rules",
            "name": "Rules",
            "description": "Fasting rules and exemptions.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "rules-finding",
                "name": "Rules",
                "description": "Rules.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Who fasts, who is exempt, and how do scholars of different schools describe the rules?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Is the agent being asked for a religious ruling, which belongs to a scholar?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "calendar",
        "name": "Calendar",
        "description": "Dates and calendar.",
        "rationale": "Practice.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "dates",
            "name": "Dates",
            "description": "When Ramadan falls.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "dates-finding",
                "name": "Dates",
                "description": "Dates.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "When does Ramadan fall this year, and why do dates differ by moonsighting and location?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits the Islamic calendar?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "daily",
            "name": "Daily",
            "description": "Daily rhythm.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "daily-finding",
                "name": "Daily",
                "description": "Daily.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How do suhoor, iftar, prayers and work schedules shape the day during Ramadan?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits a specific practice?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "practical",
        "name": "Practical",
        "description": "Health, work and engagement.",
        "rationale": "Guidance.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "health",
            "name": "Health",
            "description": "Fasting and health.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "health-finding",
                "name": "Health",
                "description": "Health.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What do health bodies advise about fasting with conditions such as diabetes or pregnancy, and about hydration and medicines?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Is the user asking about their own health, which needs a clinician?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "workplace",
            "name": "Workplace",
            "description": "Workplaces and schools.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "workplace-finding",
                "name": "Workplace",
                "description": "Workplace.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How can workplaces and schools accommodate Ramadan, and how can non-Muslims engage respectfully?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits religious accommodation?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "learn",
        "name": "Learn",
        "description": "Culture and history.",
        "rationale": "Context.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "culture",
            "name": "Culture",
            "description": "Regional traditions.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "culture-finding",
                "name": "Culture",
                "description": "Culture.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How do Ramadan traditions vary across regions, such as Khuzestan and elsewhere, as described by communities?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits a specific tradition?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "history",
            "name": "History",
            "description": "History.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "history-finding",
                "name": "History",
                "description": "History.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How has Ramadan been observed historically, according to historians and Islamic sources?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which references are standard?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  },
  "openQuestions": [
    "Should Eid al-Fitr be a separate entry?",
    "How should moonsighting and dates be linked?",
    "How should health guidance be linked?"
  ],
  "statistics": {
    "bundles": 4,
    "layers": 8,
    "findings": 8,
    "questions": 16
  }
}