{
  "vercy": "1.0-draft",
  "publication": {
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    "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed",
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    "generatedAt": "2026-09-11T16:05:28Z",
    "providers": [
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    "engine": "claude",
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      "engine": "claude",
      "producedAt": "2026-10-05T18:30:00Z",
      "ingestedAt": "2026-10-05T13:33:08+00:00",
      "fields": [
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        "ethics",
        "owners"
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  "metaModel": {
    "id": "THING-Q41719",
    "registryId": "vr.tr.hypothesis",
    "name": "hypothesis",
    "version": "0.2.0-wave.1",
    "entryKind": "thing",
    "family": "Thing Registry",
    "domain": [
      "INF.KNW"
    ],
    "status": "research-draft"
  },
  "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q41719/",
  "model": {
    "registry_id": "vr.tr.hypothesis",
    "name": "hypothesis",
    "purpose": "Let an agent help formulate, evaluate and test hypotheses, distinguish hypotheses from theories and speculation, and present unconfirmed hypotheses with appropriate uncertainty and attribution.",
    "definition": "A proposed explanation or testable statement made on the basis of limited evidence as a starting point for investigation, such as a research hypothesis in science, a taxon hypothesis in biology, or speculative proposals like panspermia; a good hypothesis is falsifiable, and testing can support, challenge or refine it, while theories serve as broader explanatory frameworks rather than a status that hypotheses attain through accumulated testing.",
    "what_it_is_for": "Scientific reasoning and research design.",
    "affordances": [
      "formulate a testable hypothesis",
      "design tests and identify predictions",
      "distinguish hypothesis, theory and speculation",
      "present hypotheses with attribution and uncertainty"
    ],
    "distinguishing_features": [
      "Proposed explanation",
      "Testable and falsifiable",
      "Provisional",
      "Basis of investigation"
    ],
    "appearance": "Not physical; statements in research and reasoning.",
    "visual_identification": [
      "Testable statements",
      "Null and alternative forms in statistics",
      "A theory is a well-supported explanatory framework"
    ],
    "physical_properties": [],
    "families_and_kinds": [
      "research hypotheses",
      "statistical null and alternative hypotheses",
      "taxonomic hypotheses",
      "speculative scientific hypotheses",
      "working hypotheses in everyday reasoning"
    ],
    "related_models": [
      {
        "relation": "is a kind of",
        "target": "proposition",
        "why": "category"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is a kind of",
        "target": "premise",
        "why": "category"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is tested by",
        "target": "experiment",
        "why": "method"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is related to",
        "target": "logic",
        "why": "reasoning"
      }
    ],
    "identifiers": [],
    "standards_and_regulation": [
      "Research integrity and preregistration norms",
      "Statistical reporting guidelines"
    ],
    "failure_modes_and_hazards": [
      "Presenting hypotheses as facts",
      "Unfalsifiable claims",
      "HARKing and p-hacking"
    ],
    "in_scope": [],
    "out_of_scope": [],
    "characteristics": [],
    "agent_conduct": {
      "may": [
        "Help state a hypothesis clearly and identify how it could be tested.",
        "Report a hypothesis with its author, evidence and current status."
      ],
      "must_not": [
        "Present a hypothesis as an established finding.",
        "Change a hypothesis after seeing the data and present it as if stated beforehand.",
        "Attribute a hypothesis to someone who did not propose it."
      ],
      "requires_human": [
        "Publishing or registering a hypothesis on behalf of researchers."
      ]
    },
    "ethics": {
      "considerations": [
        "Overstated hypotheses mislead the public, especially in health.",
        "Credit for ideas belongs to those who proposed them."
      ],
      "affected_parties": [
        "Researchers",
        "People affected by decisions based on research"
      ]
    },
    "owners": {
      "steward": "The researcher who proposes it; the scientific community tests it.",
      "master_systems": [
        "Study preregistration registries"
      ]
    }
  },
  "sources": [
    {
      "id": "wikidata",
      "title": "Wikidata item Q41719: hypothesis",
      "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41719",
      "url_status": "live",
      "what_it_supports": "identity and sense of the item",
      "checked_by": "wikidata-api"
    },
    {
      "id": "wikipedia-en",
      "title": "Wikipedia: Hypothesis",
      "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypothesis",
      "url_status": "live",
      "what_it_supports": "general description of the item",
      "checked_by": "wikidata-api sitelink"
    }
  ],
  "structure": {
    "bundles": [
      {
        "id": "formulate",
        "name": "Formulate",
        "description": "Making a hypothesis.",
        "rationale": "Testable and clear.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "state",
            "name": "State",
            "description": "Stating it.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "state-finding",
                "name": "State",
                "description": "Stating.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What is the hypothesis, stated precisely and testably?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "What would falsify it?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "predictions",
            "name": "Predictions",
            "description": "Deriving predictions.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "predictions-finding",
                "name": "Predictions",
                "description": "Predictions.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Which observable predictions follow from the hypothesis?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which alternatives predict differently?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "test",
        "name": "Test",
        "description": "Testing.",
        "rationale": "Design matters.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "design",
            "name": "Design",
            "description": "Study design.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "design-finding",
                "name": "Design",
                "description": "Design.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How can the hypothesis be tested, and what design controls confounds?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Should the study be preregistered?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "statistics",
            "name": "Statistics",
            "description": "Null hypotheses.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "statistics-finding",
                "name": "Statistics",
                "description": "Statistics.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What are the null and alternative hypotheses, and which test applies?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "What do p-values and effect sizes mean here?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "status",
        "name": "Status",
        "description": "Hypothesis or theory.",
        "rationale": "Words matter.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "terms",
            "name": "Terms",
            "description": "Terminology.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "terms-finding",
                "name": "Terms",
                "description": "Terminology.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Is this a hypothesis, a theory or speculation, and how is the term used in this field?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Is uncertainty communicated clearly?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "speculative",
            "name": "Speculative",
            "description": "Famous hypotheses.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "speculative-finding",
                "name": "Speculative",
                "description": "Famous hypotheses.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What is the status of hypotheses such as panspermia, according to the scientific community?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Who proposed them, and what evidence exists?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "practice",
        "name": "Practice",
        "description": "Everyday and research use.",
        "rationale": "Reasoning skill.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "everyday",
            "name": "Everyday",
            "description": "Working hypotheses.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "everyday-finding",
                "name": "Everyday",
                "description": "Working hypotheses.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How can hypothesis thinking help solve this practical problem?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "How can confirmation bias be avoided?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "integrity",
            "name": "Integrity",
            "description": "Research integrity.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "integrity-finding",
                "name": "Integrity",
                "description": "Integrity.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Which practices such as preregistration guard against HARKing and p-hacking?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "How should negative results be reported?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  },
  "openQuestions": [
    "Should statistical hypothesis testing be a separate entry?",
    "How should preregistration resources be linked?",
    "How should speculative hypotheses be labelled?"
  ],
  "statistics": {
    "bundles": 4,
    "layers": 8,
    "findings": 8,
    "questions": 16
  }
}