{ "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-12T08:46:56Z", "providers": [ "Codex" ], "breadth": "recalled by Codex without web access - no source was read", "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "seconds": 22.2, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a094cb-4bc1-7b43-9f97-6cf624de7c6b\n--------\nuser\nDescribe what is already known about one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: collective ownership\nSense to describe: (none recorded)\nDomain code: SOC.ORG\nAlso known as: (none)\n\n\nContext for this batch of 1001 things:\n# Batch 043:", "usd": 0.0, "recall": true }, "codex": { "seconds": 70.3, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a094cb-4bb7-7101-9a27-56012e3f4652\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: collective ownership\nRegistry id: vr.tr.collective-ownership\nPlane / domain: SOC / SOC.ORG\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into thi" } }, "enrichment": { "pass": 3, "engine": "claude", "producedAt": "2026-10-06T12:00:00Z", "ingestedAt": "2026-10-06T08:54:00+00:00", "fields": [ "agent_conduct", "ethics", "failure_modes_and_hazards", "owners" ] }, "gate": { "passed": true, "version": "1.0", "at": "2026-10-07T10:10:30+00:00", "evidence": [ "completeness 1.00", "sense: Wikidata description", "2 live sources", "review by codex: pass" ] } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q4227971", "registryId": "vr.tr.collective-ownership", "name": "collective ownership", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "SOC.ORG" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q4227971/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.collective-ownership", "name": "collective ownership", "purpose": "Enable an agent to recognise collective ownership arrangements, assess how ownership rights are held and exercised, and determine which actions require collective authority.", "definition": "Collective ownership is an arrangement in which ownership rights over assets are vested in a group or in an entity constituted to hold them for that group, with rules governing control, use, benefits and transfer.", "scope_statement": "This model owns collective ownership as an arrangement through which a defined group holds ownership rights over specified assets, directly or through an entity accountable to that group, including membership, control, benefits, obligations and continuity.", "in_scope": [ "Assets and ownership rights held collectively", "Identification of the owning collective and its membership boundaries", "Relationship between legal title, collective control and beneficial interests", "Rules for authorising use, exclusion, transfer and encumbrance", "Allocation of benefits, contributions, liabilities and stewardship duties", "Changes to membership, ownership rules and the collective estate" ], "out_of_scope": [ "Technical properties and operating condition of the owned assets", "The full institutional model of a cooperative, association, trust or other holding entity", "Shared access, rental or collaboration arrangements without ownership rights", "Public ownership unless the relationship to a defined owning collective is established", "General political theories advocating collective ownership" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "An identifiable group holds ownership interests; multiple people merely using an asset does not establish collective ownership.", "The arrangement specifies how ownership powers belong to or are exercised for the group, rather than relying solely on informal cooperation.", "Where an entity holds title, evidence connects its ownership powers and benefits to the collective; the entity's name or legal form alone is insufficient.", "The model distinguishes separately disposable individual shares from an indivisible collective estate and records mixed arrangements explicitly.", "Collective ownership does not by itself establish equal benefits, equal voting power, open membership or unrestricted public access." ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Owning collective", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Group identity, membership criteria and recognised member classes", "why_it_matters": "Establishes whose ownership interests and authority the arrangement represents." }, { "name": "Collectively owned estate", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Assets, asset portions and included or excluded ownership rights", "why_it_matters": "Prevents collective authority from being assumed over assets or rights outside the arrangement." }, { "name": "Title-holding arrangement", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Direct group holding; entity holding for the collective; mixed; disputed; unresolved", "why_it_matters": "Separates the recorded titleholder from the group whose interests it is expected to serve." }, { "name": "Ownership basis", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Formal instrument; customary arrangement; combined basis; contested basis; unknown", "why_it_matters": "Identifies the evidence needed to establish and interpret ownership." }, { "name": "Interest divisibility", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Indivisible estate; quantified member interests; mixed; unresolved", "why_it_matters": "Determines whether individual shares can be identified and what an individual may claim." }, { "name": "Decision authority", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Ownership action mapped to deciding body, decision rule and delegation limits", "why_it_matters": "Allows an agent to distinguish a valid collective decision from an unauthorised individual instruction." }, { "name": "Benefit allocation rule", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Equal; contribution-based; use-based; needs-based; collective retention; mixed; other documented rule", "why_it_matters": "Records how ownership produces benefits without presuming equal individual payouts." }, { "name": "Member interest transferability", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Prohibited; conditional; permitted; disputed; unknown, with applicable conditions", "why_it_matters": "Determines whether membership or economic interests may pass to another person." }, { "name": "Collective ownership integrity", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Supported by current evidence; partly documented; contested; undergoing transition; ended", "why_it_matters": "Makes uncertainty and changes in the arrangement visible before actions are authorised." } ], "affordances": [ "Identify the collective, titleholders and assets connected by an ownership arrangement.", "Trace a proposed asset use, sale or pledge to the required collective decision and evidence of authority.", "Assess whether admitting, excluding or replacing a member changes ownership interests.", "Explain benefit entitlements and contribution duties under the recorded rules.", "Detect gaps between formal ownership, actual control and member benefits.", "Evaluate how withdrawal, partition or dissolution would affect the collective estate." ], "agent_conduct": { "may": [ "Explain the forms of collective ownership, such as cooperatives and communal land, from reliable sources.", "Report the rules and records of a collectively owned asset from its official documents." ], "must_not": [ "Present one member's view as the decision of the whole group.", "Help a member or outsider take collective assets in breach of the group's rules.", "Misrepresent who holds rights in collectively owned land or property.", "Ignore customary or Indigenous rights in descriptions of land ownership." ], "requires_human": [ "Transferring, selling or encumbering collectively owned assets." ] }, "ethics": { "considerations": [ "Collective ownership protects shared resources and livelihoods of communities.", "Disputes over collective land have led to dispossession of Indigenous and rural people." ], "affected_parties": [ "Members of the group", "Indigenous and rural communities", "Future members" ] }, "owners": { "steward": "The group or the entity it constitutes to hold the assets.", "master_systems": [ "Land registries", "Registers of cooperatives and companies" ] }, "failure_modes_and_hazards": [ "Unclear rules can lead to capture of the assets by a few members.", "Poor records leave collective land vulnerable to seizure." ], "what_it_is_for": [ "Collective ownership is encountered in cooperatives, community enterprises and arrangements for holding shared productive assets.", "It establishes how members share control, access, benefits and responsibilities.", "Agents use the governing ownership rules to identify who can authorize asset use or transfer." ], "standards_and_regulation": [ "The International Labour Organization Promotion of Cooperatives Recommendation, 2002 (No. 193), provides policy guidance for collective ownership organized through jointly owned and democratically controlled cooperatives." ], "facets_not_applicable": { "recognition": "Collective ownership is a legal and social arrangement whose existence cannot be established from visual appearance." } }, "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata item Q4227971: collective ownership", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4227971", "url_status": "live", "what_it_supports": "identity and sense of the item", "checked_by": "wikidata-api" }, { "id": "wikipedia-en", "title": "Wikipedia: Collective ownership", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collective_ownership", "url_status": "live", "what_it_supports": "general description of the item", "checked_by": "wikidata-api sitelink" } ], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "collective-and-estate", "name": "Collective and estate", "description": "Establishes who owns together and precisely what is owned.", "rationale": "Shared use and group identity can exist without collective ownership; the ownership relationship must be established.", "layers": [ { "id": "owning-group-boundary", "name": "Owning group boundary", "description": "Identifies the people or groups whose membership carries ownership interests.", "findings": [ { "id": "membership-as-ownership", "name": "Membership as ownership", "description": "Record which membership statuses carry ownership rights and distinguish members from users, workers, beneficiaries and administrators.", "questions": [ { "text": "What makes a person or subgroup part of the owning collective?", "kind": "definition", "id": "membership-as-ownership-q01" }, { "text": "Which users, workers or beneficiaries lack ownership interests, and which owners do not use the assets?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "membership-as-ownership-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "estate-boundary", "name": "Estate boundary", "description": "Separates collectively owned assets and rights from members' personal property and third-party property.", "findings": [ { "id": "owned-assets-and-rights", "name": "Owned assets and rights", "description": "Identify the estate and any partial, layered or excluded rights rather than treating physical possession as ownership.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which assets and ownership rights are included in the collective estate?", "kind": "definition", "id": "owned-assets-and-rights-q01" }, { "text": "Which apparently shared assets are leased, borrowed or individually owned?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "owned-assets-and-rights-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "ownership-basis-and-rights", "name": "Ownership basis and rights", "description": "Connects documentary or customary ownership claims to the rights held by the collective and its members.", "rationale": "Title, beneficial interest and practical control may sit with different parties and must be traced separately.", "layers": [ { "id": "title-and-recognition", "name": "Title and recognition", "description": "Records how the arrangement is established and who recognises or contests it.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-of-collective-holding", "name": "Evidence of collective holding", "description": "Link ownership claims to instruments, records or documented customary practices, including the relationship between any titleholding entity and the collective.", "questions": [ { "text": "What evidence establishes collective ownership, and whose recognition does that evidence support?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "evidence-of-collective-holding-q01" }, { "text": "If another entity holds title, what binds its exercise of ownership to the collective?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "evidence-of-collective-holding-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "collective-and-individual-rights", "name": "Collective and individual rights", "description": "Separates powers held by the group from entitlements exercisable by individual members.", "findings": [ { "id": "division-of-ownership-powers", "name": "Division of ownership powers", "description": "Record who may use, exclude, manage, obtain income, transfer or encumber the estate and whether members hold separable interests.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which ownership powers belong to the collective, individual members or outside parties?", "kind": "definition", "id": "division-of-ownership-powers-q01" }, { "text": "Can a member sell, pledge or demand partition of an individual interest, and under what conditions?", "kind": "action", "id": "division-of-ownership-powers-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "collective-control", "name": "Collective control", "description": "Models how collective ownership powers become valid decisions and how delegated power is checked.", "rationale": "An agent needs action-specific authority rules to avoid mistaking one member's preference or a manager's access for collective consent.", "layers": [ { "id": "ownership-decisions", "name": "Ownership decisions", "description": "Distinguishes routine asset decisions from decisions that alter or dispose of the collective estate.", "findings": [ { "id": "decision-rules-by-action", "name": "Decision rules by action", "description": "Record the electorate, voting weights, quorum, consent threshold and reserved approvals applicable to each ownership action.", "questions": [ { "text": "Who may authorise use, major investment, sale or encumbrance, and what decision rule applies to each?", "kind": "action", "id": "decision-rules-by-action-q01" }, { "text": "What evidence demonstrates that the required participation and approval conditions were met?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "decision-rules-by-action-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "delegation-and-accountability", "name": "Delegation and accountability", "description": "Tracks the limits and review of ownership powers exercised by representatives or managers.", "findings": [ { "id": "accountable-exercise-of-control", "name": "Accountable exercise of control", "description": "Identify delegated powers, member oversight and remedies when actual control diverges from the collective's rules.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which powers are delegated, and how can the collective revise or revoke that delegation?", "kind": "action", "id": "accountable-exercise-of-control-q01" }, { "text": "How can members inspect decisions, challenge conflicts of interest or contest unauthorised dealings?", "kind": "action", "id": "accountable-exercise-of-control-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "benefits-and-burdens", "name": "Benefits and burdens", "description": "Models how the value and costs of collective ownership are shared.", "rationale": "Ownership may deliver access, income or collective reserves while imposing unequal duties; neither equality nor proportionality should be assumed.", "layers": [ { "id": "benefit-entitlements", "name": "Benefit entitlements", "description": "Records member entitlements and benefits retained for collective purposes.", "findings": [ { "id": "allocation-of-ownership-benefits", "name": "Allocation of ownership benefits", "description": "Distinguish access and use benefits, distributable returns and value retained in the collective estate.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which benefits can members claim, and which must remain available to the collective?", "kind": "definition", "id": "allocation-of-ownership-benefits-q01" }, { "text": "How are member entitlements calculated when contributions, use or membership duration differ?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "allocation-of-ownership-benefits-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "contributions-and-exposure", "name": "Contributions and exposure", "description": "Records obligations to maintain the estate and bear its costs or losses.", "findings": [ { "id": "allocation-of-ownership-burdens", "name": "Allocation of ownership burdens", "description": "Separate required contributions, stewardship work, internal loss allocation and externally enforceable liabilities.", "questions": [ { "text": "What money, labour or maintenance must members contribute, and how are those obligations allocated?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "allocation-of-ownership-burdens-q01" }, { "text": "What evidence establishes who bears losses or liabilities, including any exposure beyond the collective estate?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "allocation-of-ownership-burdens-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "membership-and-estate-continuity", "name": "Membership and estate continuity", "description": "Models how collective ownership persists or ends as members and governing rules change.", "rationale": "Entry, exit and dissolution can redistribute or fragment ownership even when everyday asset use remains unchanged.", "layers": [ { "id": "member-transitions", "name": "Member transitions", "description": "Connects admission, withdrawal, exclusion and succession to ownership interests.", "findings": [ { "id": "ownership-effects-of-membership-change", "name": "Ownership effects of membership change", "description": "Record whether membership changes create, extinguish, transfer or redeem an ownership interest.", "questions": [ { "text": "What ownership rights and contribution obligations arise when a member joins?", "kind": "action", "id": "ownership-effects-of-membership-change-q01" }, { "text": "On withdrawal, exclusion or death, what happens to voting rights, asset claims and any redeemable interest?", "kind": "action", "id": "ownership-effects-of-membership-change-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "estate-transformation-and-ending", "name": "Estate transformation and ending", "description": "Records constraints on changing the ownership arrangement or distributing its remaining assets.", "findings": [ { "id": "collective-estate-disposition", "name": "Collective estate disposition", "description": "Identify the authority and allocation rules for conversion, partition, merger or dissolution, including any restrictions on private distribution.", "questions": [ { "text": "What approvals and restrictions govern conversion, partition, merger or dissolution of the ownership arrangement?", "kind": "action", "id": "collective-estate-disposition-q01" }, { "text": "Who receives remaining assets or proceeds, and what rules preserve any indivisible reserve or collective purpose?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "collective-estate-disposition-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes", "name": "Check these first", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "No sense is recorded; this describes an ownership arrangement rather than a particular organisation or a specifically socialist doctrine.", "The listed kinds overlap, and legal title, beneficiary rights and actual control should be checked separately for any example.", "This is recall without source consultation; the instruments named apply to cooperatives, not to every form of collective ownership." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes-q01", "text": "Which of these check these first hold for the sense of collective ownership this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Cooperative ownership", "Community ownership", "Communal ownership under customary tenure", "Employee ownership through a collective trust" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of collective ownership this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation", "name": "Standards and regulation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "International Labour Organization Recommendation No. 193, Promotion of Cooperatives Recommendation, 2002, provides guidance relevant to cooperative forms of collective ownership.", "International Cooperative Alliance Statement on the Cooperative Identity sets out principles for cooperatives; it is not legislation." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation-q01", "text": "Which of these standards and regulation hold for the sense of collective ownership this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Members jointly owning and governing enterprises through cooperatives", "Communities holding and managing land, forests or grazing areas", "Housing cooperatives owning residential property for members", "Employee trusts holding company shares for participating employees", "Communities owning energy generation assets" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of collective ownership this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Unclear membership or ownership boundaries creating disputes over access and benefits", "Control becoming concentrated among managers or influential members", "Decision deadlock where voting and dispute resolution rules are inadequate", "Underinvestment or excessive resource use where incentives and responsibilities are poorly defined", "Loss of collective assets through insolvency, conversion or inadequately controlled transfers" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of collective ownership this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-regional-variation", "name": "Regional variation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Jurisdictions differ in whether title can vest directly in a community or must be held through a corporation, cooperative, trust or other legal vehicle.", "Recognition and protection of customary and Indigenous collective tenure vary across jurisdictions.", "The term may include state ownership in some political traditions, while other usages distinguish state ownership from ownership by a defined membership or community." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-regional-variation-q01", "text": "Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of collective ownership this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "name": "Cooperative", "difference": "A cooperative is an organisational form; collective ownership is an ownership arrangement that can use several organisational forms." }, { "name": "Co-ownership", "difference": "Co-ownership can consist of separate individual interests in one asset; collective ownership typically emphasises holding and governing assets for a group." }, { "name": "Common-property regime", "difference": "A common-property regime specifies a group's resource access and management rights, which need not amount to full legal ownership." }, { "name": "Open access", "difference": "Open access lacks effective exclusion of users; collective ownership can restrict access to a defined group." }, { "name": "State ownership", "difference": "State ownership places title with a public authority; collective ownership need not involve the state." }, { "name": "Collective management", "difference": "Collective management concerns shared decision-making and can occur without shared ownership." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of collective ownership this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Does the registry intend collective ownership to include all joint ownership with individually transferable shares, or only arrangements with meaningful group control?", "How should state or municipal ownership be distinguished from collective ownership when the claimed owning group is the public?", "What evidence is sufficient to recognise customary collective ownership where formal title records identify a different holder or no holder?", "Under what conditions should ownership through a corporation, cooperative or trust count as collective ownership rather than an aggregation of individual investments?", "How should the model represent arrangements whose formal collective rights persist while effective control or benefits have shifted to a small subset of members?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 11, "findings": 17, "questions": 27 } }