{ "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-12T08:41:30Z", "providers": [ "Codex" ], "breadth": "recalled by Codex without web access - no source was read", "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "seconds": 20.2, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a094c5-fc4f-7502-872a-847b4f788599\n--------\nuser\nDescribe what is already known about one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: chrome orange\nSense to describe: (none recorded)\nDomain code: PHY.MAT\nAlso known as: (none)\n\n\nContext for this batch of 1001 things:\n# Batch 043: 1001 r", "usd": 0.0, "recall": true }, "codex": { "seconds": 92.4, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a094c5-fc5f-71c1-9fab-a3c0f3013db7\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: chrome orange\nRegistry id: vr.tr.chrome-orange\nPlane / domain: PHY / PHY.MAT\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this entry: (none" } }, "enrichment": { "pass": 3, "engine": "claude", "producedAt": "2026-10-06T12:00:00Z", "ingestedAt": "2026-10-06T08:51:39+00:00", "fields": [ "agent_conduct", "ethics", "failure_modes_and_hazards", "owners", "standards_and_regulation", "visual_identification" ] }, "gate": { "passed": true, "version": "1.0", "at": "2026-10-07T10:10:30+00:00", "evidence": [ "completeness 1.00", "sense: Wikidata description", "2 live sources", "review by codex: pass" ] } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q424012", "registryId": "vr.tr.chrome-orange", "name": "chrome orange", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "PHY.MAT" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q424012/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.chrome-orange", "name": "chrome orange", "purpose": "Enable an agent to recognise chrome orange pigment, assess its composition and condition, and determine whether a proposed handling or material use is supported by evidence.", "definition": "Chrome orange is an orange inorganic pigment traditionally made from basic lead(II) chromate, with shade and properties influenced by composition, particle characteristics and manufacture.", "scope_statement": "This model owns vr.tr.chrome-orange in PHY / PHY.MAT, provisionally interpreted as the basic lead chromate pigment known as chrome orange; it records material identity, grade, performance, deterioration and constraints without assuming that every historical or commercial use of the name denotes identical composition.", "in_scope": [ "Basic lead chromate pigment identity and evidence connecting a specimen or batch to chrome orange", "Composition, constituent phases, impurities, extenders and surface treatments", "Particle properties and measured orange colour in specified test conditions", "Pigment condition and responses to environmental or formulation conditions", "Material-specific hazard evidence and jurisdiction-dependent use constraints" ], "out_of_scope": [ "Orange colour as an abstract colour designation", "Complete paints, inks and coatings containing the pigment", "Industrial pigment manufacturing equipment and operating procedures", "Chrome yellow and chrome red as independently registered concepts, while retaining boundary relationships", "Whole artworks, painted structures and their conservation treatment plans", "Replacement orange pigments with different chemical identities" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Require chemical or phase evidence consistent with basic lead chromate; an orange appearance or trade name alone does not establish identity. The working interpretation follows [CAMEO: Chrome orange](https://cameo.mfa.org/wiki/Chrome_orange).", "Distinguish the candidate from chrome yellow using composition and phase analysis alongside colour measurements; detecting lead and chromium alone does not resolve the boundary.", "Distinguish lead-free orange substitutes through documented composition or analysis rather than a manufacturer's colour-name match.", "Distinguish pigment material from formulated paint by identifying the binder, additives and pigment fraction.", "Treat chrome red as a potentially overlapping historical designation until composition and naming provenance justify a narrower boundary." ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Identity evidence", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "name-only attribution | document-supported | analytically supported | conflicting | unresolved", "why_it_matters": "Prevents an orange label from being treated as proof of a particular lead chromate material." }, { "name": "Chemical and pigment identifiers", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Source-qualified CAS, EC, PubChem and Colour Index identifiers, each linked to its stated composition", "why_it_matters": "Identifier agreement must be checked before transferring properties or restrictions between records." }, { "name": "Constituent phases and composition", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Identified phases; constituent mass percentages; Pb:Cr molar ratio; analytical uncertainty", "why_it_matters": "Separates basic lead chromate identity from mixtures, impurities and neighbouring chromate pigments." }, { "name": "Grade and modification", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Supplier grade; extender identity and fraction; surface treatment; purity basis; unknown", "why_it_matters": "Commercial modifications can change performance and handling requirements." }, { "name": "Physical presentation", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Dry powder | agglomerated powder | wet paste | dispersion | embedded pigment", "why_it_matters": "Determines which sampling, dispersion and exposure assessments apply." }, { "name": "Particle size distribution", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "D10, D50 and D90 in µm, with method and primary-particle or agglomerate basis", "why_it_matters": "Makes particle-dependent colour and processing differences assessable." }, { "name": "Colour and hiding performance", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "CIELAB coordinates, ΔE with named formula, reflectance spectrum and contrast ratio under stated preparation and viewing conditions", "why_it_matters": "Supports reproducible shade comparison without making hue a chemical identity test." }, { "name": "Physical and thermal constants", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Density in g/cm³; thermal events in °C; water solubility in mg/L, with composition, method and conditions", "why_it_matters": "Prevents values reported for a related lead chromate from being assigned to every chrome orange grade." }, { "name": "Condition and exposure history", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Baseline documented | colour changed | agglomerated | contaminated | chemically altered | unassessed", "why_it_matters": "Separates the original material from its present fitness for use." }, { "name": "Hazard and restriction evidence", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Applicable SDS, lead and chromium speciation evidence, GHS classification, exposure limits and use restrictions with jurisdiction and date", "why_it_matters": "Connects a specific material and intended action to current supporting evidence." } ], "affordances": [ "Assess whether a labelled sample has sufficient evidence to be identified as chrome orange.", "Compare two grades for shade, composition and particle properties under equivalent test conditions.", "Identify missing analyses before accepting pigment for a specified formulation or conservation investigation.", "Evaluate documented condition changes against storage and exposure history.", "Determine whether handling, transfer, use or disposal requires further material-specific evidence." ], "agent_conduct": { "may": [ "Describe chrome orange's composition, history in art and industry, and its toxicity.", "Help conservators and collectors identify where it may be present in historic works." ], "must_not": [ "Recommend it for uses where lead or chromate pigments are banned or restricted.", "Advise sanding, burning or scraping paint that may contain it without protection and containment.", "Present it as safe for toys, food contact items or children's use.", "Dispose of it with ordinary waste." ], "requires_human": [ "Approving removal of old paint containing it from buildings or works of art." ] }, "ethics": { "considerations": [ "Lead chromate pigments harm workers and children, especially where cheap paints still contain them.", "Historic artworks containing it deserve careful conservation, not careless removal." ], "affected_parties": [ "Children", "Painters and paint workers", "Conservators" ] }, "owners": { "steward": "The person or business that holds it; chemicals and product safety regulators control its use.", "master_systems": [ "Chemical substance inventories such as the EU REACH registration database" ] }, "visual_identification": [ "A bright, opaque orange to orange-red powder or paint.", "Its presence needs confirmation by analysis such as X-ray fluorescence showing lead and chromium." ], "failure_modes_and_hazards": [ "Lead poisoning from dust or ingestion, especially in children.", "Hexavalent chromium compounds are carcinogenic.", "Can darken or change colour over time in paintings." ], "standards_and_regulation": [ "Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS), United Nations.", "Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 on the Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH), European Union." ], "what_it_is_for": [ "Chrome orange is encountered in historical paints, coatings and pigment collections as an orange colorant.", "It is examined in conservation and materials analysis to identify pigments and understand the composition of older painted objects.", "Its lead and chromium content makes composition evidence important when assessing handling, restoration or disposal." ] }, "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata item Q424012: chrome orange", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q424012", "url_status": "live", "what_it_supports": "identity and sense of the item", "checked_by": "wikidata-api" }, { "id": "wikipedia-en", "title": "Wikipedia: Chrome orange", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chrome_orange", "url_status": "live", "what_it_supports": "general description of the item", "checked_by": "wikidata-api sitelink" } ], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "chrome-orange-identity", "name": "Chrome orange identity", "description": "Resolve what the pigment name denotes for the material being assessed.", "rationale": "Historical names and commercial shade labels do not establish a unique chemical identity.", "layers": [ { "id": "name-and-registry-boundary", "name": "Name and registry boundary", "description": "Connect the registered thing to documented material naming.", "findings": [ { "id": "name-to-material-attribution", "name": "Name-to-material attribution", "description": "Record why this instance is attributed to chrome orange and whether the name describes chemistry, shade or a formulated product.", "questions": [ { "text": "What label, catalogue, analytical report or historical record calls this material chrome orange?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "name-to-material-attribution-q01" }, { "text": "Does that source identify a pigment substance, a colour designation or a paint containing it?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "name-to-material-attribution-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "chemical-identity-resolution", "name": "Chemical identity resolution", "description": "Reconcile analytical identity with external identifiers and neighbouring pigments.", "findings": [ { "id": "phase-supported-identification", "name": "Phase-supported identification", "description": "Require evidence sufficient to distinguish basic lead chromate from related chromates and mixed orange pigments.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which phase-sensitive analysis supports the basic lead chromate attribution beyond elemental detection of lead and chromium?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "phase-supported-identification-q01" }, { "text": "Which CAS, EC, PubChem and Colour Index records match the demonstrated composition, and where do their definitions disagree?", "kind": "definition", "id": "phase-supported-identification-q02" }, { "text": "What evidence distinguishes this instance from chrome yellow or supports overlap with the name chrome red?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "phase-supported-identification-q03" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "composition-and-particle-grade", "name": "Composition and particle grade", "description": "Describe the actual pigment batch rather than an idealised formula.", "rationale": "Composition and particle differences can make identically named chrome orange grades behave differently.", "layers": [ { "id": "phase-and-additive-profile", "name": "Phase and additive profile", "description": "Establish constituent proportions and deliberate modifications.", "findings": [ { "id": "basic-chromate-content", "name": "Basic chromate content", "description": "Record constituent phases, elemental ratios and non-pigment material with a stated analytical basis.", "questions": [ { "text": "What Pb:Cr ratio and phase proportions were measured, and do they support the claimed composition?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "basic-chromate-content-q01" }, { "text": "Which extenders, residual salts or surface treatments are present, and which are declared rather than measured?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "basic-chromate-content-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "particles-and-presentation", "name": "Particles and presentation", "description": "Describe particle morphology, aggregation and supplied physical form.", "findings": [ { "id": "particle-grade-evidence", "name": "Particle grade evidence", "description": "Connect particle measurements to the batch's supplied state and preparation history.", "questions": [ { "text": "What particle size distribution and morphology were measured, and did the method measure primary particles or agglomerates?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "particle-grade-evidence-q01" }, { "text": "Is the material dry pigment, paste or dispersion, and what carrier or moisture fraction accompanies it?", "kind": "definition", "id": "particle-grade-evidence-q02" }, { "text": "Does the sample preparation preserve the supplied particle state sufficiently for the intended comparison?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "particle-grade-evidence-q03" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "orange-colour-and-use-performance", "name": "Orange colour and use performance", "description": "Measure shade and functional pigment behaviour in controlled contexts.", "rationale": "Chrome orange must be recognisable as a material while its colour performance remains dependent on grade and test preparation.", "layers": [ { "id": "controlled-shade-assessment", "name": "Controlled shade assessment", "description": "Make orange shade comparisons reproducible.", "findings": [ { "id": "shade-reference-and-measurement", "name": "Shade reference and measurement", "description": "Record colour against a defined reference with enough preparation detail to interpret differences.", "questions": [ { "text": "What reflectance spectrum and CIELAB coordinates were measured, using which illuminant, observer and instrument geometry?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "shade-reference-and-measurement-q01" }, { "text": "Which binder, pigment concentration, substrate and film thickness were used for the colour specimen?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "shade-reference-and-measurement-q02" }, { "text": "What reference and acceptance tolerance define the required chrome orange shade for this use?", "kind": "action", "id": "shade-reference-and-measurement-q03" } ] } ] }, { "id": "formulation-interface", "name": "Formulation interface", "description": "Connect pigment properties to a specified application without owning the complete formulation.", "findings": [ { "id": "dispersion-and-hiding-fit", "name": "Dispersion and hiding fit", "description": "Assess whether the tested grade provides the required dispersion and optical performance.", "questions": [ { "text": "What dispersion quality, tinting strength and contrast ratio were obtained under the stated formulation conditions?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "dispersion-and-hiding-fit-q01" }, { "text": "Which observed limitations belong to the pigment grade, and which require assessment in the paint or coating model?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "dispersion-and-hiding-fit-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "stability-and-material-condition", "name": "Stability and material condition", "description": "Assess whether exposure or ageing has changed the pigment's relevant properties.", "rationale": "A historical identification does not establish the current colour, chemistry or usability of a chrome orange sample.", "layers": [ { "id": "exposure-dependent-change", "name": "Exposure-dependent change", "description": "Connect environmental history to observed alteration.", "findings": [ { "id": "colour-and-chemical-alteration", "name": "Colour and chemical alteration", "description": "Investigate heat, sulfur-containing environments, light and chemical contact without assuming a universal stability rating. Heat and sulfur sensitivity are reported in [CAMEO: Chrome orange](https://cameo.mfa.org/wiki/Chrome_orange).", "questions": [ { "text": "What heat, light, humidity, sulfur-containing atmosphere or chemical contact has this sample experienced?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "colour-and-chemical-alteration-q01" }, { "text": "What colour or phase changes are demonstrated relative to a documented baseline or suitable reference?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "colour-and-chemical-alteration-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "constants-and-condition-decisions", "name": "Constants and condition decisions", "description": "Evaluate property data and condition evidence before further use.", "findings": [ { "id": "applicable-property-evidence", "name": "Applicable property evidence", "description": "Accept physical constants and stability claims only when their composition and test conditions apply to the assessed material.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which density, solubility and thermal measurements apply to this grade rather than to another lead chromate composition?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "applicable-property-evidence-q01" }, { "text": "Does the thermal evidence identify melting, decomposition or another transition, and is a boiling point applicable at all?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "applicable-property-evidence-q02" }, { "text": "Does the observed condition support the intended use, or require segregation and further assessment?", "kind": "action", "id": "applicable-property-evidence-q03" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "lead-chromate-handling-and-restrictions", "name": "Lead chromate handling and restrictions", "description": "Connect the material's lead and chromate identity to evidence governing specific actions.", "rationale": "Chemical identity, physical presentation and jurisdiction all matter when deciding what may be done with this pigment.", "layers": [ { "id": "hazard-and-exposure-evidence", "name": "Hazard and exposure evidence", "description": "Establish applicable hazard information and the exposure implications of the proposed task.", "findings": [ { "id": "material-specific-hazard-profile", "name": "Material-specific hazard profile", "description": "Require current hazard documentation tied to the assessed composition; CAMEO flags serious health hazards for chrome orange. See [CAMEO: Chrome orange](https://cameo.mfa.org/wiki/Chrome_orange).", "questions": [ { "text": "Which current SDS and classification records apply to this composition and supplied form?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "material-specific-hazard-profile-q01" }, { "text": "What evidence establishes lead content and chromium oxidation state rather than total chromium alone?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "material-specific-hazard-profile-q02" }, { "text": "Will the proposed sampling, mixing or removal operation generate dust or other exposure requiring a task-specific assessment?", "kind": "action", "id": "material-specific-hazard-profile-q03" } ] } ] }, { "id": "permitted-use-and-disposition", "name": "Permitted use and disposition", "description": "Resolve applicable restrictions and handling routes for a defined place, date and intended action.", "findings": [ { "id": "jurisdiction-specific-action-check", "name": "Jurisdiction-specific action check", "description": "Keep regulatory conclusions conditional on verified substance identity and the actual use or waste context.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which current jurisdictional rules, exposure limits and authorisation conditions apply to this pigment and intended use?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "jurisdiction-specific-action-check-q01" }, { "text": "What documented controls and acceptance criteria must be satisfied before the proposed handling or transfer proceeds?", "kind": "action", "id": "jurisdiction-specific-action-check-q02" }, { "text": "Which classification and authorised route apply to unused pigment or pigment-bearing waste from this task?", "kind": "action", "id": "jurisdiction-specific-action-check-q03" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes", "name": "Check these first", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "This description assumes the historical pigment sense, rather than a colour name or a modern product marketed with that name.", "Check exact composition, Colour Index designation and substance identifiers against the specific grade; the historical name alone does not establish purity or stoichiometry.", "No sources were consulted; numerical properties and jurisdiction-specific regulatory details are omitted." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes-q01", "text": "Which of these check these first hold for the sense of chrome orange this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-identifiers", "name": "Identifiers and schemes", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "scheme": "Colour Index Generic Name", "value_or_pattern": "C.I. Pigment Orange 21", "note": "Associated with basic lead chromate orange pigments; confirm applicability to the particular material." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-identifiers-q01", "text": "Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of chrome orange this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Historical artists' paints.", "Historical industrial paints and protective coatings.", "Colouring applications requiring a strong, opaque orange pigment." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of chrome orange this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Contains toxic lead and hexavalent chromium.", "Pigment dust can create inhalation and ingestion exposure.", "Hexavalent chromium compounds present carcinogenic hazards.", "Colour can change through chemical reactions involving the chromate or lead components.", "Waste and contaminated materials can introduce persistent metal contamination into the environment." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of chrome orange this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "name": "chrome yellow", "difference": "Chrome yellow is based principally on lead chromate, sometimes modified with other components; chrome orange is associated with basic lead chromate compositions." }, { "name": "chrome red", "difference": "Chrome red occupies the redder part of the basic lead chromate pigment family; historical naming boundaries overlap and require composition and colour data to resolve." }, { "name": "cadmium orange", "difference": "Cadmium orange is based on cadmium sulfide-selenide chemistry rather than lead chromate." }, { "name": "orange paint", "difference": "Paint is a formulated product containing a binder and potentially several pigments; chrome orange names a pigment material." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of chrome orange this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Does vr.tr.chrome-orange denote a specific basic lead chromate composition, a family of commercial pigment grades or a historical name with broader coverage?", "Which CAS, EC, PubChem and Colour Index identifiers belong to this exact scope? The consulted CAMEO entry describes basic lead chromate but lists identifiers and properties that require reconciliation before adoption.", "Where should the chemical and naming boundaries with chrome yellow, chrome red and naturally occurring related minerals be drawn without creating duplicate models?", "Which composition-resolved measurements establish reliable physical constants, shade ranges and stability behaviour across relevant grades?", "Which current classifications, exposure limits and use restrictions apply in the jurisdictions and applications this registry is intended to support?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 11, "findings": 15, "questions": 31 } }