{ "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-12T23:06:21Z", "providers": [ "Claude" ], "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify", "pass": 2, "wave": 3, "engine": "claude", "enrichment": { "pass": 3, "engine": "claude", "producedAt": "2026-10-06T10:00:00Z", "ingestedAt": "2026-10-06T07:00:50+00:00", "fields": [ "agent_conduct", "ethics", "owners" ] }, "gate": { "passed": true, "version": "1.0", "at": "2026-10-07T10:10:31+00:00", "evidence": [ "completeness 1.00", "sense: Wikidata description", "2 live sources", "review by codex: pass" ] } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q44167", "registryId": "vr.tr.engine", "name": "engine", "version": "0.2.0-wave.3", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "PHY.OBJ" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q44167/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.engine", "name": "engine", "purpose": "Let an agent explain what an engine is and how engines are classified, distinguish engines from motors and other machines, relay principles of major engine types, and separate the mechanical sense from software and figurative senses.", "definition": "A machine that converts energy from fuel, heat, pressure, electricity or other sources into mechanical work, including heat engines such as steam, internal combustion, gas turbine and rocket engines, and in wider usage electric motors and hydraulic and pneumatic engines; engines power vehicles, ships, aircraft, generators and machinery, and the word also names software components and, historically, any ingenious device.", "what_it_is_for": "Producing mechanical work from energy.", "affordances": [ "explain the concept and classification", "distinguish engines from motors", "relay principles of major types", "separate other senses" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Energy conversion to work", "Many principles", "Efficiency limits", "Central to transport and industry" ], "appearance": "Varies from small motors to large turbines; typically a housing with moving parts and energy input.", "visual_identification": [ "Converts energy to mechanical work", "Heat engines and, in wider usage, electric and fluid engines", "A motor is often used for electric machines; a pump does the reverse; a software engine is figurative" ], "physical_properties": [ { "quantity": "Mechanical output power", "unit": "watt", "typical_range": "", "note": "Output power is measured as mechanical work delivered per unit time under stated operating conditions." }, { "quantity": "Energy conversion efficiency", "unit": "percent", "typical_range": "", "note": "Efficiency is calculated from useful mechanical energy output divided by energy input over a stated system boundary and interval." }, { "quantity": "Engine mass", "unit": "kilogram", "typical_range": "", "note": "Mass is measured by weighing the engine with included fluids and accessories explicitly identified." }, { "quantity": "Rotational speed", "unit": "revolutions per minute", "typical_range": "", "note": "For engines with rotary output, speed is measured at the designated output shaft under stated operating conditions." } ], "families_and_kinds": [ "steam engines", "internal combustion engines including gasoline and diesel", "gas turbines and jet engines", "rocket engines", "electric motors, often called engines in some usages", "hydraulic and pneumatic engines", "Stirling and other external combustion engines" ], "related_models": [ { "relation": "is a kind of", "target": "machine", "why": "in registry terms" }, { "relation": "is a kind of", "target": "power engine", "why": "in registry terms" }, { "relation": "includes", "target": "internal combustion engine", "why": "a major class" }, { "relation": "is contrasted with", "target": "electric motor", "why": "by usage in some languages" } ], "identifiers": [], "standards_and_regulation": [ "Engine emissions and efficiency standards", "Machinery safety directives", "Certification for aircraft and marine engines" ], "failure_modes_and_hazards": [ "Mechanical failure", "Emissions and noise", "Fire and explosion", "Sense confusion" ], "in_scope": [], "out_of_scope": [], "characteristics": [], "agent_conduct": { "may": [ "Describe engine types and how they convert energy, from technical references.", "Monitor engines it is authorized to watch and report faults to the operator." ], "must_not": [ "Start or run an engine where moving parts, heat or exhaust can hurt people nearby.", "Disable guards, alarms or emergency stops on an engine.", "Run an engine beyond its rated limits to gain output.", "Hide faults or failed inspections in maintenance records." ], "requires_human": [ "Restarting an engine after a safety shutdown.", "Approving an engine for return to service in aircraft, ships or similar." ] }, "ethics": { "considerations": [ "Engine failures can kill crews and passengers, especially in aircraft and ships.", "Combustion engines burn fuel that pollutes air and changes the climate." ], "affected_parties": [ "Operators and crews", "Passengers", "People living near emissions" ] }, "owners": { "steward": "The owner or operator of the machine; maintenance organisations answer for certified engines.", "master_systems": [] } }, "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata item Q44167: engine", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44167", "url_status": "live", "what_it_supports": "identity and sense of the item", "checked_by": "wikidata-api" }, { "id": "wikipedia-en", "title": "Wikipedia: Engine", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Engine", "url_status": "live", "what_it_supports": "general description of the item", "checked_by": "wikidata-api sitelink" } ], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "concept", "name": "Concept", "description": "What an engine is.", "rationale": "Definition.", "layers": [ { "id": "definition", "name": "Definition", "description": "Definition and classification.", "findings": [ { "id": "definition-finding", "name": "Definition", "description": "Definition.", "questions": [ { "text": "What is an engine, and how are engines classified by energy source and principle?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "Is the question about a mechanical engine, a motor or a software engine?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "types", "name": "Types", "description": "Major types.", "findings": [ { "id": "types-finding", "name": "Types", "description": "Types.", "questions": [ { "text": "How do steam, internal combustion, turbine, rocket and electric engines work in principle?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "Which entry fits the specific type?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "science", "name": "Science", "description": "Thermodynamics and efficiency.", "rationale": "Science.", "layers": [ { "id": "efficiency", "name": "Efficiency", "description": "Efficiency.", "findings": [ { "id": "efficiency-finding", "name": "Efficiency", "description": "Efficiency.", "questions": [ { "text": "What limits engine efficiency, and how do real engines compare?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits heat engine?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "measures", "name": "Measures", "description": "Power and performance.", "findings": [ { "id": "measures-finding", "name": "Measures", "description": "Measures.", "questions": [ { "text": "How are power, torque and efficiency measured and rated?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which references are standard?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "use", "name": "Use", "description": "Applications and regulation.", "rationale": "Application.", "layers": [ { "id": "applications", "name": "Applications", "description": "Applications.", "findings": [ { "id": "applications-finding", "name": "Applications", "description": "Applications.", "questions": [ { "text": "Where are different engines used, from vehicles to power generation?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits the specific application?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "regulation", "name": "Regulation", "description": "Regulation.", "findings": [ { "id": "regulation-finding", "name": "Regulation", "description": "Regulation.", "questions": [ { "text": "What emissions, safety and certification rules apply to engines?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Is the information current?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "context", "name": "Context", "description": "History and language.", "rationale": "Context.", "layers": [ { "id": "history", "name": "History", "description": "History.", "findings": [ { "id": "history-finding", "name": "History", "description": "History.", "questions": [ { "text": "How did engines develop from ancient devices through steam to modern types?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits the history of the engine?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "language", "name": "Language", "description": "Engine and motor.", "findings": [ { "id": "language-finding", "name": "Language", "description": "Language.", "questions": [ { "text": "How do the words engine and motor differ in usage across languages and fields?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which sources are cited?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Should heat engine be a separate primary entry?", "How should standards be linked by engine type?", "How should the engine versus motor usage be recorded across languages?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 4, "layers": 8, "findings": 8, "questions": 16 } }