{
  "vercy": "1.0-draft",
  "publication": {
    "status": "research-draft",
    "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed",
    "publishableCanonical": false,
    "generatedAt": "2026-09-13T06:32:39Z",
    "providers": [
      "Claude"
    ],
    "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify",
    "pass": 2,
    "wave": 3,
    "engine": "claude",
    "enrichment": {
      "pass": 3,
      "engine": "claude",
      "producedAt": "2026-10-06T10:00:00Z",
      "ingestedAt": "2026-10-06T07:08:28+00:00",
      "fields": [
        "agent_conduct",
        "ethics",
        "owners"
      ]
    },
    "gate": {
      "passed": true,
      "version": "1.0",
      "at": "2026-10-06T19:52:00+00:00",
      "evidence": [
        "completeness 1.00",
        "sense: Wikidata description",
        "2 live sources",
        "review by codex: pass"
      ]
    }
  },
  "metaModel": {
    "id": "THING-Q44703",
    "registryId": "vr.tr.ornithology",
    "name": "ornithology",
    "version": "0.2.0-wave.3",
    "entryKind": "thing",
    "family": "Thing Registry",
    "domain": [
      "INF.KNW"
    ],
    "status": "research-draft"
  },
  "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q44703/",
  "model": {
    "registry_id": "vr.tr.ornithology",
    "name": "ornithology",
    "purpose": "Let an agent explain ornithology and its subfields, relay methods, institutions and history from scientific sources, describe the role of amateurs and citizen science, and distinguish ornithology from birdwatching, aviculture and falconry.",
    "definition": "The branch of zoology concerned with the scientific study of birds, covering their taxonomy, anatomy, physiology, behaviour or bird ethology, ecology, migration, conservation and evolution, with specialised fields such as marine ornithology of seabirds, neossology of nestlings, columbidology of pigeons and psittacology of parrots, and a strong tradition of amateur contribution through birdwatching, ringing and citizen science.",
    "what_it_is_for": "Studying birds scientifically.",
    "affordances": [
      "explain scope and subfields",
      "relay methods and institutions",
      "describe amateur contribution",
      "distinguish related activities"
    ],
    "distinguishing_features": [
      "Bird focus",
      "Field and laboratory methods",
      "Amateur tradition",
      "Conservation link"
    ],
    "appearance": "Not a visible object; field and laboratory study of birds.",
    "visual_identification": [
      "Scientific study of birds",
      "Marine ornithology, bird ethology, bird physiology, neossology, columbidology, psittacology",
      "Birdwatching is observation as a hobby; aviculture is keeping birds; falconry is hunting with birds"
    ],
    "physical_properties": [
      {
        "quantity": "bird species",
        "typical_range": "about 11000",
        "unit": "count",
        "note": ""
      },
      {
        "quantity": "oldest ornithological journal",
        "typical_range": "Ibis",
        "unit": "name",
        "note": "since 1859"
      },
      {
        "quantity": "major databases",
        "typical_range": "eBird, Xeno-canto",
        "unit": "list",
        "note": ""
      }
    ],
    "families_and_kinds": [
      "systematics and taxonomy",
      "anatomy and bird physiology",
      "behaviour and bird ethology",
      "ecology and migration studies",
      "specialised fields such as marine ornithology, neossology, columbidology and psittacology",
      "conservation ornithology and citizen science"
    ],
    "related_models": [
      {
        "relation": "is a kind of",
        "target": "vertebrate zoology",
        "why": "in registry terms"
      },
      {
        "relation": "studies",
        "target": "bird",
        "why": "in all aspects"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is supported by",
        "target": "birdwatching",
        "why": "and citizen science"
      },
      {
        "relation": "informs",
        "target": "bird conservation",
        "why": "and policy"
      }
    ],
    "identifiers": [],
    "standards_and_regulation": [
      "Bird ringing and research permits",
      "Wildlife protection laws",
      "Ethical guidelines for field research"
    ],
    "failure_modes_and_hazards": [
      "Disturbance of nesting birds",
      "Confusing ornithology with birdwatching",
      "Neglecting tropical and marine research gaps"
    ],
    "in_scope": [],
    "out_of_scope": [],
    "characteristics": [],
    "agent_conduct": {
      "may": [
        "Describe the field of ornithology and its branches.",
        "Help observers record and submit bird sightings to recognized recording schemes."
      ],
      "must_not": [
        "Encourage approaching nests, playing calls to breeding birds or flushing them for photographs.",
        "Publish the locations of nests of rare or persecuted species.",
        "Help anyone capture, ring or collect birds or eggs without a licence.",
        "Treat birdwatching records as scientific data without checking them."
      ],
      "requires_human": [
        "Sharing sensitive location records of protected species."
      ]
    },
    "ethics": {
      "considerations": [
        "Bird study can disturb the birds it studies; their welfare comes first.",
        "Amateur records feed conservation, so accuracy and protection of sites both matter."
      ],
      "affected_parties": [
        "Wild birds",
        "Observers and volunteers",
        "Landowners"
      ]
    },
    "owners": {
      "steward": "Nobody: a science held in common; recording schemes and ringing authorities keep its records.",
      "master_systems": [
        "Bird ringing schemes",
        "Biodiversity occurrence databases"
      ]
    }
  },
  "sources": [
    {
      "id": "wikidata",
      "title": "Wikidata item Q44703: ornithology",
      "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44703",
      "url_status": "live",
      "what_it_supports": "identity and sense of the item",
      "checked_by": "wikidata-api"
    },
    {
      "id": "wikipedia-en",
      "title": "Wikipedia: Ornithology",
      "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ornithology",
      "url_status": "live",
      "what_it_supports": "general description of the item",
      "checked_by": "wikidata-api sitelink"
    }
  ],
  "structure": {
    "bundles": [
      {
        "id": "understand",
        "name": "Understand",
        "description": "What ornithology is.",
        "rationale": "Definition.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "definition",
            "name": "Definition",
            "description": "Definition and scope.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "definition-finding",
                "name": "Definition",
                "description": "Definition.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What is ornithology, and how does it differ from birdwatching, aviculture and falconry?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Is the question about the science, a subfield, a hobby or a specific bird?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "subfields",
            "name": "Subfields",
            "description": "Subfields.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "subfields-finding",
                "name": "Subfields",
                "description": "Subfields.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What are marine ornithology, bird ethology, bird physiology, neossology, columbidology and psittacology?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits the specific subfield?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "methods",
        "name": "Methods",
        "description": "Methods.",
        "rationale": "Science.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "field",
            "name": "Field",
            "description": "Field methods.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "field-finding",
                "name": "Field",
                "description": "Field.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How do ornithologists survey, ring, track and record birds?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which references are standard?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "lab",
            "name": "Lab",
            "description": "Laboratory and data.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "lab-finding",
                "name": "Lab",
                "description": "Lab.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How are genetics, physiology and big data used in ornithology?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which sources are cited?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "people",
        "name": "People",
        "description": "Institutions and amateurs.",
        "rationale": "Sources.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "institutions",
            "name": "Institutions",
            "description": "Institutions.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "institutions-finding",
                "name": "Institutions",
                "description": "Institutions.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What societies, journals and research stations shape ornithology?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits the specific institution?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "citizen",
            "name": "Citizen",
            "description": "Citizen science.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "citizen-finding",
                "name": "Citizen",
                "description": "Citizen.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How do birdwatchers contribute through ringing, counts and platforms such as eBird?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits citizen science?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "context",
        "name": "Context",
        "description": "Conservation and history.",
        "rationale": "Context.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "conservation",
            "name": "Conservation",
            "description": "Conservation.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "conservation-finding",
                "name": "Conservation",
                "description": "Conservation.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How does ornithology inform bird conservation and policy?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits bird conservation?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "history",
            "name": "History",
            "description": "History.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "history-finding",
                "name": "History",
                "description": "History.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How did ornithology develop from Aristotle and Belon through Audubon to modern science?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits the history of ornithology?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  },
  "openQuestions": [
    "Should birdwatching and bird migration be separate primary entries?",
    "How should scientific sources be linked?",
    "The registry entry has merged aliases naming niche subfields; should they be split off?"
  ],
  "statistics": {
    "bundles": 4,
    "layers": 8,
    "findings": 8,
    "questions": 16
  }
}