{ "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-13T15:39:07Z", "providers": [ "Claude" ], "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify", "pass": 2, "wave": 4, "engine": "claude", "enrichment": { "pass": 3, "engine": "claude", "producedAt": "2026-10-06T11:00:00Z", "ingestedAt": "2026-10-06T07:38:18+00:00", "fields": [ "agent_conduct", "ethics", "owners" ] }, "gate": { "passed": true, "version": "1.0", "at": "2026-10-06T19:52:00+00:00", "evidence": [ "completeness 1.00", "sense: Wikidata description", "2 live sources", "review by codex: pass" ] } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q46384", "registryId": "vr.tr.microphone", "name": "microphone", "version": "0.2.0-wave.4", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "PHY.OBJ" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q46384/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.microphone", "name": "microphone", "purpose": "Let an agent explain microphones and how they work, relay types, polar patterns and applications from audio engineering sources, describe the products the registry aliases name, and distinguish microphones from loudspeakers, pickups, hydrophones and audio interfaces.", "definition": "A transducer that converts sound into an electrical signal, used in recording, broadcasting, telephony, public address and measurement, in types such as dynamic, condenser, ribbon and MEMS microphones, with directional patterns from omnidirectional to cardioid and figure-eight, and products such as the Rode NT1-A condenser, Rode NT-USB and NT-USB Mini USB microphones, the Royer SF-24 stereo ribbon microphone and the historical STC 4021 ball microphone; the registry also classes microphones as sensors and, loosely, as musical instruments.", "what_it_is_for": "Capturing sound as an electrical signal.", "affordances": [ "explain principles", "relay types and patterns", "describe products", "distinguish related devices" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Transducer", "Several operating principles", "Directional patterns", "Wide application" ], "appearance": "A handheld, stand-mounted or built-in capsule, often with a grille.", "visual_identification": [ "Sound-to-signal transducer", "Dynamic, condenser, ribbon and USB microphones; omnidirectional pattern; Rode NT1-A, NT-USB, Royer SF-24, STC 4021", "Loudspeakers do the reverse; pickups sense vibration; hydrophones work underwater; interfaces convert signals" ], "physical_properties": [ { "quantity": "invented", "typical_range": "1876-1878", "unit": "note", "note": "Berliner, Edison, Hughes" }, { "quantity": "Neumann U 47", "typical_range": "1947", "unit": "year", "note": "landmark condenser" }, { "quantity": "polar patterns", "typical_range": "omni, cardioid, supercardioid, figure-eight", "unit": "list", "note": "" }, { "quantity": "Rode NT1-A self-noise", "typical_range": "about 5", "unit": "dBA", "note": "" } ], "families_and_kinds": [ "dynamic microphones", "condenser microphones including electret", "ribbon microphones", "MEMS and lavalier microphones", "USB microphones", "measurement microphones", "historical microphones such as the STC 4021" ], "related_models": [ { "relation": "is a kind of", "target": "sound transducer", "why": "in registry terms" }, { "relation": "is a kind of", "target": "sensor", "why": "in registry terms" }, { "relation": "is contrasted with", "target": "loudspeaker", "why": "the reverse transducer" }, { "relation": "is exemplified by", "target": "Shure SM58", "why": "a widely used dynamic microphone" } ], "identifiers": [], "standards_and_regulation": [ "IEC 60268-4 microphone measurement standard", "Radio spectrum rules for wireless microphones" ], "failure_modes_and_hazards": [ "Feedback and handling noise", "Registry aliases naming specific products", "Confusing microphones with pickups or interfaces" ], "in_scope": [], "out_of_scope": [], "characteristics": [], "agent_conduct": { "may": [ "Turn on a microphone only when its user has asked or agreed to it.", "Report which microphones are active and who can hear them.", "Set levels and settings for recording or calls on the user's instructions." ], "must_not": [ "Record people without their knowledge where law or decency requires consent.", "Leave a microphone recording or streaming after the user believes it is off.", "Use recorded voices to clone or impersonate a speaker.", "Share recordings beyond the audience the speakers agreed to." ], "requires_human": [ "Activating microphones in private spaces or shared homes.", "Keeping recordings longer than the stated purpose needs." ] }, "ethics": { "considerations": [ "Microphones capture private conversation; covert listening is a serious intrusion.", "Voice recordings can be used for impersonation and fraud." ], "affected_parties": [ "People being recorded", "Bystanders", "The device user" ] }, "owners": { "steward": "The person or organisation that operates it.", "master_systems": [] } }, "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata item Q46384: microphone", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46384", "url_status": "live", "what_it_supports": "identity and sense of the item", "checked_by": "wikidata-api" }, { "id": "wikipedia-en", "title": "Wikipedia: Microphone", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microphone", "url_status": "live", "what_it_supports": "general description of the item", "checked_by": "wikidata-api sitelink" } ], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "understand", "name": "Understand", "description": "What a microphone is.", "rationale": "Definition.", "layers": [ { "id": "definition", "name": "Definition", "description": "Definition.", "findings": [ { "id": "definition-finding", "name": "Definition", "description": "Definition.", "questions": [ { "text": "What is a microphone, and how does it differ from a loudspeaker, pickup, hydrophone and audio interface?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "Is the question about principles, a type, a product or an application?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "types", "name": "Types", "description": "Types and products.", "findings": [ { "id": "types-finding", "name": "Types", "description": "Types.", "questions": [ { "text": "What are dynamic, condenser, ribbon, MEMS and USB microphones, and what are the Rode, Royer and STC models named?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "Which entry fits the specific type or product?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "technology", "name": "Technology", "description": "Technology.", "rationale": "Science.", "layers": [ { "id": "principles", "name": "Principles", "description": "Principles.", "findings": [ { "id": "principles-finding", "name": "Principles", "description": "Principles.", "questions": [ { "text": "How do electromagnetic, capacitive and ribbon transduction work?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which references are standard?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "patterns", "name": "Patterns", "description": "Polar patterns.", "findings": [ { "id": "patterns-finding", "name": "Patterns", "description": "Patterns.", "questions": [ { "text": "What are polar patterns, and how are they achieved?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which sources are cited?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "use", "name": "Use", "description": "Use.", "rationale": "Application.", "layers": [ { "id": "recording", "name": "Recording", "description": "Recording and live.", "findings": [ { "id": "recording-finding", "name": "Recording", "description": "Recording.", "questions": [ { "text": "How are microphones chosen and placed for voice, instruments and live sound?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits microphone technique?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "other", "name": "Other", "description": "Other applications.", "findings": [ { "id": "other-finding", "name": "Other", "description": "Other.", "questions": [ { "text": "How are microphones used in telephony, devices and measurement?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits acoustic measurement?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "context", "name": "Context", "description": "History.", "rationale": "Context.", "layers": [ { "id": "history", "name": "History", "description": "History.", "findings": [ { "id": "history-finding", "name": "History", "description": "History.", "questions": [ { "text": "How did microphones develop from carbon to condenser and digital?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits the history of sound recording?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "makers", "name": "Makers", "description": "Makers.", "findings": [ { "id": "makers-finding", "name": "Makers", "description": "Makers.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which manufacturers are notable, such as Neumann, Shure, Rode and Royer?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits the specific manufacturer?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Should condenser and ribbon microphones be separate primary entries?", "How should audio engineering sources be linked?", "The registry entry has merged aliases naming specific products; should they be split off?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 4, "layers": 8, "findings": 8, "questions": 16 } }