{
  "vercy": "1.0-draft",
  "publication": {
    "status": "research-draft",
    "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed",
    "publishableCanonical": false,
    "generatedAt": "2026-09-13T02:17:19Z",
    "providers": [
      "Claude"
    ],
    "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify",
    "pass": 2,
    "wave": 3,
    "engine": "claude",
    "enrichment": {
      "pass": 3,
      "engine": "claude",
      "producedAt": "2026-10-06T10:00:00Z",
      "ingestedAt": "2026-10-06T07:08:19+00:00",
      "fields": [
        "agent_conduct",
        "ethics",
        "owners"
      ]
    },
    "gate": {
      "passed": true,
      "version": "1.0",
      "at": "2026-10-06T19:52:00+00:00",
      "evidence": [
        "completeness 1.00",
        "sense: Wikidata description",
        "2 live sources",
        "review by codex: pass"
      ]
    }
  },
  "metaModel": {
    "id": "THING-Q48196",
    "registryId": "vr.tr.stem-cell",
    "name": "stem cell",
    "version": "0.2.0-wave.3",
    "entryKind": "thing",
    "family": "Thing Registry",
    "domain": [
      "PHY.OBJ"
    ],
    "status": "research-draft"
  },
  "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q48196/",
  "model": {
    "registry_id": "vr.tr.stem-cell",
    "name": "stem cell",
    "purpose": "Let an agent explain stem cells and their kinds, relay biology, established and experimental therapies and ethics from scientific and regulatory sources, and distinguish proven treatments from unproven clinics.",
    "definition": "An undifferentiated cell that can renew itself by division and give rise to specialised cell types, including embryonic stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells reprogrammed from adult cells, and adult or resident stem cells such as haematopoietic, intestinal crypt, neural and neuroepithelial stem cells that maintain tissues, as well as cancer stem cells proposed to sustain tumours such as glioblastoma and breast cancer; stem cells underpin development, regeneration, research models and therapies such as bone marrow transplantation.",
    "what_it_is_for": "Renewal and regeneration of tissues; research and therapy.",
    "affordances": [
      "explain kinds and properties",
      "relay therapies and evidence",
      "present ethics and regulation",
      "distinguish proven from unproven treatments"
    ],
    "distinguishing_features": [
      "Self-renewal",
      "Potency levels",
      "Niche regulation",
      "Therapeutic and ethical significance"
    ],
    "appearance": "Not visible to the eye; cells in culture or tissue niches.",
    "visual_identification": [
      "Self-renewing cells that differentiate",
      "Embryonic, induced pluripotent, adult, resident and cancer stem cells",
      "Progenitor cells have limited renewal; differentiated cells are specialised"
    ],
    "physical_properties": [
      {
        "quantity": "first iPSC report",
        "typical_range": "2006",
        "unit": "year",
        "note": "Yamanaka"
      },
      {
        "quantity": "haematopoietic transplants",
        "typical_range": "over 1.5 million",
        "unit": "count",
        "note": "cumulative worldwide"
      }
    ],
    "families_and_kinds": [
      "embryonic stem cells",
      "induced pluripotent stem cells",
      "adult stem cells such as haematopoietic, mesenchymal, intestinal crypt and neural stem cells",
      "neuroepithelial and other developmental stem cells",
      "cancer stem cells including glioblastoma and breast cancer stem cells",
      "stem cells in plants"
    ],
    "related_models": [
      {
        "relation": "is a kind of",
        "target": "somatic cell",
        "why": "in registry terms, for adult stem cells"
      },
      {
        "relation": "gives rise to",
        "target": "differentiated cell",
        "why": "through differentiation"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is used in",
        "target": "stem cell therapy",
        "why": "such as bone marrow transplantation"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is studied in",
        "target": "regenerative medicine",
        "why": "the field"
      }
    ],
    "identifiers": [
      {
        "scheme": "MeSH",
        "value_or_pattern": "D013234",
        "note": "stem cells"
      }
    ],
    "standards_and_regulation": [
      "Regulation of cell therapies by agencies such as the FDA and EMA",
      "Laws on embryo research by country",
      "ISSCR guidelines for stem cell research and clinical translation",
      "Clinical trial regulation"
    ],
    "failure_modes_and_hazards": [
      "Unproven stem cell clinics harming patients, as reported",
      "Tumour formation from pluripotent cells",
      "Agents giving personal medical advice",
      "Ethical controversy over embryo use"
    ],
    "in_scope": [],
    "out_of_scope": [],
    "characteristics": [],
    "agent_conduct": {
      "may": [
        "Explain stem cell types and approved therapies from scientific and regulatory sources.",
        "Distinguish approved treatments from experimental ones."
      ],
      "must_not": [
        "Promote unapproved stem cell treatments sold as cures.",
        "Present research findings as available therapies.",
        "Use or trade human embryonic or donor cells outside lawful consent and approval."
      ],
      "requires_human": [
        "Advising a person on a stem cell procedure or donation."
      ]
    },
    "ethics": {
      "considerations": [
        "Unproven stem cell clinics have harmed and defrauded desperate patients.",
        "Embryonic stem cell research raises deep moral questions about human life."
      ],
      "affected_parties": [
        "Patients",
        "Donors",
        "Researchers"
      ]
    },
    "owners": {
      "steward": "The donor or patient for their own cells; research bodies hold cell lines under licence.",
      "master_systems": [
        "Stem cell line registries",
        "Bone marrow donor registries"
      ]
    }
  },
  "sources": [
    {
      "id": "wikidata",
      "title": "Wikidata item Q48196: stem cell",
      "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48196",
      "url_status": "live",
      "what_it_supports": "identity and sense of the item",
      "checked_by": "wikidata-api"
    },
    {
      "id": "wikipedia-en",
      "title": "Wikipedia: Stem cell",
      "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stem_cell",
      "url_status": "live",
      "what_it_supports": "general description of the item",
      "checked_by": "wikidata-api sitelink"
    }
  ],
  "structure": {
    "bundles": [
      {
        "id": "understand",
        "name": "Understand",
        "description": "What stem cells are.",
        "rationale": "Science.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "definition",
            "name": "Definition",
            "description": "Definition and kinds.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "definition-finding",
                "name": "Definition",
                "description": "Definition.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What are stem cells, and how do embryonic, induced pluripotent and adult stem cells differ?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Is the question about stem cells, progenitor cells or differentiated cells?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "biology",
            "name": "Biology",
            "description": "Biology.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "biology-finding",
                "name": "Biology",
                "description": "Biology.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How do self-renewal, potency and niches work, and what are cancer stem cells?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits the specific cell type?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "therapy",
        "name": "Therapy",
        "description": "Therapies.",
        "rationale": "Clinical.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "established",
            "name": "Established",
            "description": "Established therapies.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "established-finding",
                "name": "Established",
                "description": "Established.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Which stem cell therapies are established, such as haematopoietic transplantation, and for what conditions?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Is the user asking about their own treatment, which needs a clinician?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "unproven",
            "name": "Unproven",
            "description": "Unproven treatments.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "unproven-finding",
                "name": "Unproven",
                "description": "Unproven.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What do regulators and the ISSCR say about unproven stem cell clinics?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which references are standard?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "ethics",
        "name": "Ethics",
        "description": "Ethics and regulation.",
        "rationale": "Attribution.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "ethics",
            "name": "Ethics",
            "description": "Ethics.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "ethics-finding",
                "name": "Ethics",
                "description": "Ethics.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What ethical debates surround embryonic stem cells and reprogramming, with positions attributed?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Is the presentation neutral?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "regulation",
            "name": "Regulation",
            "description": "Regulation.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "regulation-finding",
                "name": "Regulation",
                "description": "Regulation.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How are stem cell research and therapies regulated by country?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which sources are cited?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "context",
        "name": "Context",
        "description": "Research and history.",
        "rationale": "Context.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "research",
            "name": "Research",
            "description": "Research frontiers.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "research-finding",
                "name": "Research",
                "description": "Research.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What research exists on organoids, gene editing and regenerative therapies, with findings attributed?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits organoid?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "history",
            "name": "History",
            "description": "History.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "history-finding",
                "name": "History",
                "description": "History.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How did stem cell science develop from Till and McCulloch to Yamanaka?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits the history of stem cell research?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  },
  "openQuestions": [
    "Should induced pluripotent stem cell and cancer stem cell be separate entries?",
    "How should regulatory sources be linked?",
    "The registry entry has merged aliases naming specific cell types; should they be split off?"
  ],
  "statistics": {
    "bundles": 4,
    "layers": 8,
    "findings": 8,
    "questions": 16
  }
}