{
  "vercy": "1.0-draft",
  "publication": {
    "status": "research-draft",
    "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed",
    "publishableCanonical": false,
    "generatedAt": "2026-09-14T00:25:09Z",
    "providers": [
      "Claude"
    ],
    "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify",
    "pass": 2,
    "wave": 4,
    "engine": "claude"
  },
  "metaModel": {
    "id": "THING-Q487837",
    "registryId": "vr.tr.coccidiosis",
    "name": "coccidiosis",
    "version": "0.2.0-wave.4",
    "entryKind": "thing",
    "family": "Thing Registry",
    "domain": [
      "XCT.STA"
    ],
    "status": "research-draft"
  },
  "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q487837/",
  "model": {
    "registry_id": "vr.tr.coccidiosis",
    "name": "coccidiosis",
    "purpose": "Let an agent explain coccidiosis in general terms, relay parasites, hosts, transmission, veterinary control and human infections from veterinary and public health sources, route dehydration and immunocompromised illness to medical care, describe the named forms, and distinguish coccidiosis from bacterial and viral diarrhoea, giardiasis, toxoplasmosis and malaria as other apicomplexan diseases.",
    "definition": "A group of intestinal infections caused by coccidian protozoan parasites, most importantly in animals, where Eimeria species cause avian coccidiosis in poultry and bovine coccidiosis in cattle with diarrhoea and economic losses, and also affect parrots and other birds; in humans related coccidian infections include cryptosporidiosis caused by Cryptosporidium, cystoisosporiasis caused by Cystoisospora belli and cyclosporiasis, which can be severe and prolonged in people with advanced HIV, as the registry aliases name. Transmission is faecal-oral through contaminated food, water and environments, and Cryptosporidium is resistant to chlorine, so outbreaks are linked to swimming pools and water supplies. Severe or persistent diarrhoea with dehydration needs medical care.",
    "what_it_is_for": "Not applicable; parasitic diseases.",
    "affordances": [
      "explain parasites and hosts",
      "relay transmission and prevention",
      "describe named forms",
      "route severe illness"
    ],
    "distinguishing_features": [
      "Protozoan parasites",
      "Faecal-oral spread",
      "Veterinary importance",
      "Severe in immunocompromised people"
    ],
    "appearance": "Not visible except through diarrhoea and poor growth in animals; oocysts seen on microscopy.",
    "visual_identification": [
      "Coccidian protozoan intestinal infections",
      "AIDS-related cryptosporidiosis, AIDS-related cystoisosporiasis, parrot coccidiosis, cryptosporidiosis in birds, avian coccidiosis, bovine coccidiosis",
      "Bacterial and viral diarrhoeas have other causes; giardiasis is flagellate; toxoplasmosis and malaria are other apicomplexan diseases"
    ],
    "physical_properties": [
      {
        "quantity": "main poultry parasites",
        "typical_range": "Eimeria species",
        "unit": "note",
        "note": ""
      },
      {
        "quantity": "Milwaukee Cryptosporidium outbreak",
        "typical_range": "1993",
        "unit": "year",
        "note": "about 400,000 ill, as reported"
      },
      {
        "quantity": "chlorine resistance",
        "typical_range": "Cryptosporidium oocysts",
        "unit": "note",
        "note": ""
      }
    ],
    "families_and_kinds": [
      "avian coccidiosis",
      "bovine and small ruminant coccidiosis",
      "cryptosporidiosis",
      "cystoisosporiasis",
      "cyclosporiasis"
    ],
    "related_models": [
      {
        "relation": "is a kind of",
        "target": "parasitic protozoa infectious disease",
        "why": "in registry terms"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is caused by",
        "target": "Eimeria",
        "why": "in animals"
      },
      {
        "relation": "includes",
        "target": "cryptosporidiosis",
        "why": "related human infection"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is contrasted with",
        "target": "giardiasis",
        "why": ""
      }
    ],
    "identifiers": [],
    "standards_and_regulation": [
      "Veterinary medicine and feed additive regulations",
      "Drinking water standards",
      "Swimming pool hygiene rules"
    ],
    "failure_modes_and_hazards": [
      "Dehydration in children and immunocompromised people",
      "Anticoccidial resistance",
      "Diagnosing individuals"
    ],
    "in_scope": [],
    "out_of_scope": [],
    "characteristics": []
  },
  "sources": [],
  "structure": {
    "bundles": [
      {
        "id": "understand",
        "name": "Understand",
        "description": "What coccidiosis is.",
        "rationale": "Science.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "definition",
            "name": "Definition",
            "description": "Definition.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "definition-finding",
                "name": "Definition",
                "description": "Definition.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Does someone have severe or prolonged diarrhoea with dehydration or weakened immunity, in which case seek medical care, and are animals ill, in which case contact a vet?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "What is coccidiosis, and how does it differ from bacterial and viral diarrhoea, giardiasis, toxoplasmosis and malaria?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "forms",
            "name": "Forms",
            "description": "Named forms.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "forms-finding",
                "name": "Forms",
                "description": "Forms.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What are AIDS-related cryptosporidiosis and cystoisosporiasis and parrot, avian and bovine coccidiosis?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits the specific form?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "biology",
        "name": "Biology",
        "description": "Parasites.",
        "rationale": "Science.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "lifecycle",
            "name": "Life cycle",
            "description": "Life cycle.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "lifecycle-finding",
                "name": "Life cycle",
                "description": "Life cycle.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How do coccidian parasites multiply in intestinal cells and shed oocysts?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which references are standard?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "transmission",
            "name": "Transmission",
            "description": "Transmission.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "transmission-finding",
                "name": "Transmission",
                "description": "Transmission.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Why are Cryptosporidium outbreaks linked to pools and water supplies?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which sources are cited?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "veterinary",
        "name": "Veterinary",
        "description": "Animal health.",
        "rationale": "Regulation.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "poultry",
            "name": "Poultry",
            "description": "Poultry coccidiosis.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "poultry-finding",
                "name": "Poultry",
                "description": "Poultry.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How do farmers control coccidiosis with vaccines, anticoccidials and hygiene?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits anticoccidial?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "resistance",
            "name": "Resistance",
            "description": "Drug resistance.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "resistance-finding",
                "name": "Resistance",
                "description": "Resistance.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What do researchers report about anticoccidial resistance, with findings attributed?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Is the presentation neutral and attributed?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "context",
        "name": "Context",
        "description": "Public health.",
        "rationale": "Context.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "hiv",
            "name": "HIV",
            "description": "HIV-related infections.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "hiv-finding",
                "name": "HIV",
                "description": "HIV.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Why are cryptosporidiosis and cystoisosporiasis severe in advanced HIV?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits HIV/AIDS?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "pools",
            "name": "Pools",
            "description": "Swimming pool advice.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "pools-finding",
                "name": "Pools",
                "description": "Pools.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What do health agencies advise about swimming after diarrhoea?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits recreational water illness?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  },
  "openQuestions": [
    "Should human cryptosporidiosis be a separate entry?",
    "How should veterinary control guidance be linked?",
    "Should parrot coccidiosis be moved to avian medicine entries?"
  ],
  "statistics": {
    "bundles": 4,
    "layers": 8,
    "findings": 8,
    "questions": 16
  }
}