{ "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-13T23:38:30Z", "providers": [ "Claude" ], "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify", "pass": 2, "wave": 4, "engine": "claude", "enrichment": { "pass": 3, "engine": "claude", "producedAt": "2026-10-06T12:00:00Z", "ingestedAt": "2026-10-06T07:45:49+00:00", "fields": [ "agent_conduct", "ethics", "owners" ] }, "gate": { "passed": true, "version": "1.0", "at": "2026-10-06T19:52:00+00:00", "evidence": [ "completeness 1.00", "sense: Wikidata description", "2 live sources", "review by codex: pass" ] } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q5294", "registryId": "vr.tr.dvd", "name": "DVD", "version": "0.2.0-wave.4", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "ACT.ACT" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q5294/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.dvd", "name": "DVD", "purpose": "Let an agent explain DVDs, relay technology, formats, region coding, copy protection and preservation from technical and media history sources, describe the named formats, and distinguish DVDs from CDs, Blu-ray discs, HD DVD and streaming.", "definition": "An optical disc format for digital data storage, introduced in 1995 by a consortium including Philips, Sony, Toshiba and Panasonic, storing about 4.7 GB on a single-layer 12 cm disc using a 650 nm red laser, with application formats the registry aliases name such as DVD-Video for films with MPEG-2 video, region codes and CSS copy protection, DVD-Audio for high-resolution music, and DVD-ROM for data, recordable formats DVD-R and DVD+R, collectively DVD plus-minus R, and the smaller MiniDVD; DVD covers are the packaging artwork. DVDs were succeeded by Blu-ray and streaming but remain used for archiving and physical media collections, with disc rot and scratches limiting lifespan.", "what_it_is_for": "Storing video, audio and data.", "affordances": [ "explain technology and formats", "relay region coding and copy protection", "describe named formats", "relay preservation" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Red laser optical disc", "Region codes", "Multiple application formats", "Mass-market film distribution" ], "appearance": "A shiny 12 cm or 8 cm disc in a plastic case with cover art.", "visual_identification": [ "Optical disc format of 1995", "DVD plus-minus R, MiniDVD, DVD cover, DVD-Video, DVD-Audio, DVD-ROM", "CDs hold less and use infrared lasers; Blu-ray uses blue lasers and holds more; HD DVD was a rival format; streaming delivers over networks" ], "physical_properties": [ { "quantity": "single-layer capacity", "typical_range": "about 4.7", "unit": "GB", "note": "" }, { "quantity": "laser wavelength", "typical_range": "650", "unit": "nm", "note": "" }, { "quantity": "introduced", "typical_range": "1995", "unit": "year", "note": "first players 1996 in Japan" } ], "families_and_kinds": [ "DVD-Video", "DVD-Audio", "DVD-ROM", "recordable DVD-R, DVD+R and rewritable formats", "MiniDVD" ], "related_models": [ { "relation": "is a kind of", "target": "optical disc", "why": "in registry terms" }, { "relation": "succeeded", "target": "compact disc", "why": "for video storage" }, { "relation": "was succeeded by", "target": "Blu-ray", "why": "" }, { "relation": "uses", "target": "Content Scramble System", "why": "on DVD-Video" } ], "identifiers": [], "standards_and_regulation": [ "DVD Forum specifications", "ECMA-267 DVD-ROM standard", "Copyright laws on circumvention such as the DMCA" ], "failure_modes_and_hazards": [ "Disc rot and data loss", "Advising circumvention of copy protection", "Region incompatibility" ], "in_scope": [], "out_of_scope": [], "characteristics": [], "agent_conduct": { "may": [ "Explain the DVD format, its variants and its region codes.", "Advise how to store discs and migrate data from them before they degrade." ], "must_not": [ "Advise how to circumvent copy protection where that is unlawful.", "Copy or share films from DVDs in breach of copyright.", "Treat optical discs as permanent archival storage." ], "requires_human": [ "Disposing of discs that may hold the only copy of someone's data or personal recordings." ] }, "ethics": { "considerations": [ "Discs degrade, so family and institutional records on them can be lost.", "Copyright protects creators but can also block access to works no longer sold." ], "affected_parties": [ "Owners of discs", "Archivists", "Creators and rights holders" ] }, "owners": { "steward": "The person who keeps the disc; rights holders own the content.", "master_systems": [] } }, "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata item Q5294: DVD", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5294", "url_status": "live", "what_it_supports": "identity and sense of the item", "checked_by": "wikidata-api" }, { "id": "wikipedia-en", "title": "Wikipedia: DVD", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DVD", "url_status": "live", "what_it_supports": "general description of the item", "checked_by": "wikidata-api sitelink" } ], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "understand", "name": "Understand", "description": "What a DVD is.", "rationale": "Definition.", "layers": [ { "id": "definition", "name": "Definition", "description": "Definition.", "findings": [ { "id": "definition-finding", "name": "Definition", "description": "Definition.", "questions": [ { "text": "What is a DVD, and how does it differ from CDs, Blu-ray, HD DVD and streaming?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "Is the question about playback, archiving, formats or copying, where copyright law applies?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "formats", "name": "Formats", "description": "Named formats.", "findings": [ { "id": "formats-finding", "name": "Formats", "description": "Formats.", "questions": [ { "text": "What are DVD-Video, DVD-Audio, DVD-ROM, recordable formats and MiniDVD, and what is a DVD cover?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "Which entry fits the specific format?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "technology", "name": "Technology", "description": "Technology.", "rationale": "Science.", "layers": [ { "id": "optics", "name": "Optics", "description": "Optical storage.", "findings": [ { "id": "optics-finding", "name": "Optics", "description": "Optics.", "questions": [ { "text": "How do red lasers and pit sizes give DVDs more capacity than CDs?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which references are standard?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "video", "name": "Video", "description": "DVD-Video.", "findings": [ { "id": "video-finding", "name": "Video", "description": "Video.", "questions": [ { "text": "How do MPEG-2, region codes and CSS work on DVD-Video?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which sources are cited?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "rights", "name": "Rights", "description": "Copy protection.", "rationale": "Regulation.", "layers": [ { "id": "css", "name": "CSS", "description": "Content Scramble System.", "findings": [ { "id": "css-finding", "name": "CSS", "description": "CSS.", "questions": [ { "text": "What is CSS, and what legal disputes followed DeCSS, with positions attributed?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Is the presentation neutral and free of circumvention guidance?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "regions", "name": "Regions", "description": "Region codes.", "findings": [ { "id": "regions-finding", "name": "Regions", "description": "Regions.", "questions": [ { "text": "Why were DVD region codes introduced?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits DVD region code?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "context", "name": "Context", "description": "Media history.", "rationale": "Context.", "layers": [ { "id": "formatwar", "name": "Format war", "description": "Successors.", "findings": [ { "id": "formatwar-finding", "name": "Format war", "description": "Format war.", "questions": [ { "text": "How did Blu-ray defeat HD DVD, and how did streaming reduce disc sales?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits high-definition optical disc format war?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "archiving", "name": "Archiving", "description": "Preservation.", "findings": [ { "id": "archiving-finding", "name": "Archiving", "description": "Archiving.", "questions": [ { "text": "How long do recordable DVDs last, and what do archivists recommend?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits digital preservation?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Should DVD-Audio be a separate entry?", "How should preservation guidance be linked?", "Should DVD cover be moved to packaging entries?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 4, "layers": 8, "findings": 8, "questions": 16 } }