{
  "vercy": "1.0-draft",
  "publication": {
    "status": "research-draft",
    "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed",
    "publishableCanonical": false,
    "generatedAt": "2026-09-13T18:38:43Z",
    "providers": [
      "Claude"
    ],
    "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify",
    "pass": 2,
    "wave": 4,
    "engine": "claude",
    "enrichment": {
      "pass": 3,
      "engine": "claude",
      "producedAt": "2026-10-06T11:00:00Z",
      "ingestedAt": "2026-10-06T07:35:39+00:00",
      "fields": [
        "agent_conduct",
        "ethics",
        "owners"
      ]
    },
    "gate": {
      "passed": true,
      "version": "1.0",
      "at": "2026-10-06T19:52:01+00:00",
      "evidence": [
        "completeness 1.00",
        "sense: Wikidata description",
        "2 live sources",
        "review by codex: pass"
      ]
    }
  },
  "metaModel": {
    "id": "THING-Q557728",
    "registryId": "vr.tr.bullion-coin",
    "name": "bullion coin",
    "version": "0.2.0-wave.4",
    "entryKind": "thing",
    "family": "Thing Registry",
    "domain": [
      "PHY.OBJ"
    ],
    "status": "research-draft"
  },
  "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q557728/",
  "model": {
    "registry_id": "vr.tr.bullion-coin",
    "name": "bullion coin",
    "purpose": "Let an agent explain bullion coins, relay how they are minted, priced and regulated from mint and numismatic sources, describe the coin programmes the registry aliases name, and distinguish bullion coins from numismatic or commemorative coins, bars, circulating coins and specific catalogue entries, without giving investment advice.",
    "definition": "A coin minted from a precious metal, usually gold, silver, platinum or palladium, valued mainly for its metal content rather than face value or rarity, issued by mints such as the Royal Canadian Mint s Silver Maple Leaf and Palladium Maple Leaf, the Perth Mint s Australian Lunar series and the Spanish Lince; the registry aliases also include catalogue entries for specific coins such as a London 50 pound and a Bern 1 yuan with database identifiers, which are instances. The model gives general information, not investment advice.",
    "what_it_is_for": "Holding precious metal in coin form.",
    "affordances": [
      "explain the category",
      "relay minting and pricing",
      "describe coin programmes",
      "distinguish related items"
    ],
    "distinguishing_features": [
      "Metal value",
      "High purity",
      "Legal tender face value",
      "Mint programmes"
    ],
    "appearance": "A precious metal coin with high purity markings and a nominal face value.",
    "visual_identification": [
      "Coin valued for precious metal content",
      "Silver Maple Leaf, Palladium Maple Leaf, Australian Lunar, Lince; catalogue entries for specific coins",
      "Numismatic coins are valued for rarity; bars are not coins; circulating coins are base metal; catalogue entries are instances"
    ],
    "physical_properties": [
      {
        "quantity": "Gold Maple Leaf purity",
        "typical_range": "0.9999",
        "unit": "fineness",
        "note": ""
      },
      {
        "quantity": "Silver Maple Leaf introduced",
        "typical_range": "1988",
        "unit": "year",
        "note": ""
      },
      {
        "quantity": "Krugerrand introduced",
        "typical_range": "1967",
        "unit": "year",
        "note": "first modern gold bullion coin"
      },
      {
        "quantity": "common weight",
        "typical_range": "1",
        "unit": "troy ounce",
        "note": "31.1 g"
      }
    ],
    "families_and_kinds": [
      "gold bullion coins such as Krugerrand and Maple Leaf",
      "silver bullion coins",
      "platinum and palladium coins",
      "series coins such as the Australian Lunar",
      "fractional bullion coins"
    ],
    "related_models": [
      {
        "relation": "is a kind of",
        "target": "coin",
        "why": "in registry terms"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is issued by",
        "target": "Royal Canadian Mint",
        "why": "among other mints"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is contrasted with",
        "target": "commemorative coin",
        "why": ""
      },
      {
        "relation": "is priced against",
        "target": "spot price",
        "why": "of the metal"
      }
    ],
    "identifiers": [],
    "standards_and_regulation": [
      "Legal tender and mint laws",
      "Tax and VAT rules on investment gold and silver",
      "Anti-money-laundering rules for dealers"
    ],
    "failure_modes_and_hazards": [
      "Agents giving investment advice",
      "Counterfeit coins",
      "Registry aliases naming catalogue instances"
    ],
    "in_scope": [],
    "out_of_scope": [],
    "characteristics": [],
    "agent_conduct": {
      "may": [
        "Describe bullion coins by metal, fineness, weight and issuing mint from official mint data.",
        "Keep the bullion coin type separate from catalogue entries for specific coins."
      ],
      "must_not": [
        "Recommend buying, selling or holding bullion coins as an investment for a person.",
        "Help make, sell or pass counterfeit or plated coins.",
        "State a coin's market value as current without giving the date and source.",
        "Confuse face value with metal value when describing a coin."
      ],
      "requires_human": [
        "Buying, selling or transferring coins on a person's behalf."
      ]
    },
    "ethics": {
      "considerations": [
        "Precious metal sellers sometimes target older or anxious buyers with inflated prices.",
        "Mining of gold and silver can carry human and environmental costs."
      ],
      "affected_parties": [
        "Buyers and savers",
        "Coin collectors",
        "Mining communities"
      ]
    },
    "owners": {
      "steward": "The issuing mint for the design; the owner of each coin for the coin itself.",
      "master_systems": []
    }
  },
  "sources": [
    {
      "id": "wikidata",
      "title": "Wikidata item Q557728: bullion coin",
      "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q557728",
      "url_status": "live",
      "what_it_supports": "identity and sense of the item",
      "checked_by": "wikidata-api"
    },
    {
      "id": "wikipedia-en",
      "title": "Wikipedia: Bullion coin",
      "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bullion_coin",
      "url_status": "live",
      "what_it_supports": "general description of the item",
      "checked_by": "wikidata-api sitelink"
    }
  ],
  "structure": {
    "bundles": [
      {
        "id": "understand",
        "name": "Understand",
        "description": "What a bullion coin is.",
        "rationale": "Definition.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "definition",
            "name": "Definition",
            "description": "Definition.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "definition-finding",
                "name": "Definition",
                "description": "Definition.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What is a bullion coin, and how does it differ from numismatic coins, bars and circulating coins?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Is the question about the category, a coin programme, a catalogue entry or investment advice the model does not give?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "programmes",
            "name": "Programmes",
            "description": "Coin programmes.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "programmes-finding",
                "name": "Programmes",
                "description": "Programmes.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What are the Silver and Palladium Maple Leaf, the Australian Lunar and the Lince?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits the specific programme?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "minting",
        "name": "Minting",
        "description": "Minting and pricing.",
        "rationale": "Sources.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "mints",
            "name": "Mints",
            "description": "Mints.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "mints-finding",
                "name": "Mints",
                "description": "Mints.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How do mints produce and distribute bullion coins?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which references are standard?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "pricing",
            "name": "Pricing",
            "description": "Pricing.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "pricing-finding",
                "name": "Pricing",
                "description": "Pricing.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How are premiums over spot price determined?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which sources are cited?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "rules",
        "name": "Rules",
        "description": "Rules and fraud.",
        "rationale": "Regulation.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "tax",
            "name": "Tax",
            "description": "Tax and legal tender.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "tax-finding",
                "name": "Tax",
                "description": "Tax.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How are bullion coins treated as legal tender and for tax, in general terms?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits investment gold?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "fraud",
            "name": "Fraud",
            "description": "Counterfeits.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "fraud-finding",
                "name": "Fraud",
                "description": "Fraud.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What anti-counterfeiting features and checks exist?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits counterfeit coin?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "context",
        "name": "Context",
        "description": "History and collecting.",
        "rationale": "Context.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "history",
            "name": "History",
            "description": "History.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "history-finding",
                "name": "History",
                "description": "History.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How did modern bullion coins begin with the Krugerrand?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits Krugerrand?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "catalogues",
            "name": "Catalogues",
            "description": "Catalogues.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "catalogues-finding",
                "name": "Catalogues",
                "description": "Catalogues.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How do numismatic catalogues identify specific coins?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits Numista?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  },
  "openQuestions": [
    "Should the coin programmes be separate primary entries?",
    "How should mint and numismatic sources be linked?",
    "The registry aliases with catalogue identifiers are instances and should be split off"
  ],
  "statistics": {
    "bundles": 4,
    "layers": 8,
    "findings": 8,
    "questions": 16
  }
}