{
  "vercy": "1.0-draft",
  "publication": {
    "status": "research-draft",
    "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed",
    "publishableCanonical": false,
    "generatedAt": "2026-09-12T10:52:10Z",
    "providers": [
      "Codex"
    ],
    "breadth": "recalled by Codex without web access - no source was read",
    "missingProviders": [],
    "pass": 2,
    "cost": {
      "grok": {
        "seconds": 27.3,
        "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a0953d-d74a-76d3-b449-3000606977fe\n--------\nuser\nDescribe what is already known about one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: labor dispute\nSense to describe: (none recorded)\nDomain code: ACT.ACT\nAlso known as: (none)\n\n\nContext for this batch of 1001 things:\n# Batch 044: 1001 r",
        "usd": 0.0,
        "recall": true
      },
      "codex": {
        "seconds": 78.5,
        "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a0953d-d742-7761-a652-a4616b340fdb\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: labor dispute\nRegistry id: vr.tr.labor-dispute\nPlane / domain: ACT / ACT.ACT\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this entry: (none"
      }
    },
    "enrichment": {
      "pass": 3,
      "engine": "claude",
      "producedAt": "2026-10-06T12:00:00Z",
      "ingestedAt": "2026-10-06T08:42:17+00:00",
      "fields": [
        "agent_conduct",
        "ethics",
        "failure_modes_and_hazards",
        "owners",
        "standards_and_regulation"
      ]
    },
    "gate": {
      "passed": true,
      "version": "1.0",
      "at": "2026-10-07T10:10:31+00:00",
      "evidence": [
        "completeness 1.00",
        "sense: Wikidata description",
        "2 live sources",
        "review by codex: pass"
      ]
    }
  },
  "metaModel": {
    "id": "THING-Q5782934",
    "registryId": "vr.tr.labor-dispute",
    "name": "labor dispute",
    "version": "0.1.0-research.1",
    "entryKind": "thing",
    "family": "Thing Registry",
    "domain": [
      "ACT.ACT"
    ],
    "status": "research-draft"
  },
  "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q5782934/",
  "model": {
    "registry_id": "vr.tr.labor-dispute",
    "name": "labor dispute",
    "purpose": "Enable an agent to recognise a labor dispute, record the parties' competing positions and its current state, and identify possible next steps subject to evidence, authority and applicable rules.",
    "definition": "A labor dispute is a disagreement between workers or their representatives and an employer or employers over employment relations, including terms and conditions of work, representation, or the interpretation and enforcement of employment rights.",
    "scope_statement": "This model owns a bounded episode of disagreement arising from work or employment relations, including its contested issues, parties, representation, procedures, actions and resolution; its classification as a labor dispute may itself be contested.",
    "in_scope": [
      "Individual and collective disputes over pay, working conditions, employment decisions, representation or bargaining",
      "Parties' demands, responses, supporting evidence and disputed accounts",
      "Representation, bargaining units and authority to negotiate or settle",
      "Negotiation, grievance handling, mediation, adjudication and associated industrial action",
      "Issue-level outcomes, implementation obligations and recurrence"
    ],
    "out_of_scope": [
      "The complete employment relationship or employment contract",
      "The enduring organisation and governance of an employer or trade union",
      "Labor law as a jurisdiction-wide body of rules",
      "Workplace hazards and incidents except as disputed issues",
      "A strike or lockout's full operational history where it requires a separate linked event model",
      "General political protests without a specified connection to work or employment relations"
    ],
    "distinguishing_features": [
      "The disagreement concerns work or employment relations; merely occurring at a workplace does not establish this connection.",
      "An identifiable demand, objection or incompatible position distinguishes the dispute from an adverse workplace condition that nobody has contested.",
      "Industrial action can be an episode within a labor dispute, but a dispute need not involve a strike, lockout or work stoppage.",
      "A grievance may express or process a labor dispute; a grievance filing alone does not establish the full boundaries of the underlying disagreement.",
      "Individual or collective character depends on the interests and representation involved, not simply the number of people visibly participating."
    ],
    "characteristics": [
      {
        "name": "Disputed subject",
        "kind": "category",
        "unit_or_values": "Pay; hours; safety; staffing; discipline or dismissal; discrimination; employment status; representation; bargaining; other specified subjects; multiple permitted",
        "why_it_matters": "Identifies the substantive conflict and the expertise or evidence needed to assess it."
      },
      {
        "name": "Rights and interests framing",
        "kind": "category",
        "unit_or_values": "Existing entitlement contested; new or changed terms sought; mixed; contested; undetermined",
        "why_it_matters": "Separates disagreements about existing obligations from demands to establish different arrangements without assuming a universal legal classification."
      },
      {
        "name": "Individual or collective character",
        "kind": "category",
        "unit_or_values": "Individual; collective; mixed; contested; undetermined",
        "why_it_matters": "Helps establish whose interests are involved and whether representatives can speak for them."
      },
      {
        "name": "Parties and represented constituencies",
        "kind": "relation",
        "unit_or_values": "Links to workers, employers, unions, employer associations and other participants, with role, constituency and disputed standing",
        "why_it_matters": "Distinguishes affected people from negotiating parties and authorised representatives."
      },
      {
        "name": "Applicable instruments and forums",
        "kind": "relation",
        "unit_or_values": "Links to identified contracts, collective agreements, workplace procedures, jurisdictions and dispute-resolution bodies; applicability attributed or unresolved",
        "why_it_matters": "Grounds procedural options in the instruments and institutions relevant to this dispute."
      },
      {
        "name": "Issue status",
        "kind": "state",
        "unit_or_values": "Raised; contested; under discussion; referred; provisionally agreed; decided; withdrawn; implemented; reopened; unknown",
        "why_it_matters": "Prevents one resolved issue from making a multi-issue dispute appear fully settled."
      },
      {
        "name": "Industrial action status",
        "kind": "state",
        "unit_or_values": "None reported; proposed; authorised; notified; underway; suspended; ended; contested or unknown, recorded separately for each action",
        "why_it_matters": "Distinguishes threats, mandates, notices and actual conduct."
      },
      {
        "name": "Dispute duration",
        "kind": "measurement",
        "unit_or_values": "Elapsed days from a stated onset criterion to an observation or closure date, with uncertainty",
        "why_it_matters": "Supports timeline assessment while exposing disagreement over when the dispute began or ended."
      }
    ],
    "affordances": [
      "Construct an attributed issue map linking each demand to its response, evidence and affected constituency.",
      "Check whether a proposed negotiator or signatory has a recorded mandate for the particular issue and group.",
      "Trace procedural steps, deadlines and possible forums against identified applicable instruments.",
      "Compare proposed settlements against outstanding demands and stated acceptance conditions.",
      "Track industrial action, reported effects and changing positions without inferring agreement from the end of a stoppage.",
      "Monitor settlement obligations and flag unresolved, overdue or reopened issues."
    ],
    "agent_conduct": {
      "may": [
        "Explain the general procedures and rights in labour disputes in a stated jurisdiction, citing sources.",
        "Record the positions of parties neutrally when authorized by both or by the institution handling the dispute."
      ],
      "must_not": [
        "Help an employer identify, intimidate or dismiss workers for union activity or lawful strike action.",
        "Help either side spread false claims about the other.",
        "Present general information as legal advice for a party's specific dispute.",
        "Share confidential negotiation or personal data with the other side."
      ],
      "requires_human": [
        "Any representation, offer or settlement made on a party's behalf.",
        "Deciding to break or join a strike."
      ]
    },
    "ethics": {
      "considerations": [
        "Workers and employers hold unequal power; information can tip that balance unfairly.",
        "Disputes affect families' incomes and the public who rely on services."
      ],
      "affected_parties": [
        "Workers and their families",
        "Employers",
        "The public using affected services"
      ]
    },
    "owners": {
      "steward": "The parties to the dispute; labour courts and mediation bodies resolve it.",
      "master_systems": [
        "Labour court and mediation service records"
      ]
    },
    "failure_modes_and_hazards": [
      "Lost income and job losses for workers.",
      "Escalation to lockouts, violence or service disruption."
    ],
    "standards_and_regulation": [
      "Freedom of Association and Protection of the Right to Organise Convention, 1948 (No. 87), International Labour Organization."
    ],
    "what_it_is_for": [
      "Labor disputes arise when workers and employers disagree over pay, working conditions, representation or employment rights.",
      "They are encountered in workplaces, collective bargaining, grievance handling and formal dispute resolution.",
      "Recording the parties, contested issues and procedural status helps distinguish an ongoing disagreement from a settlement or an allegation awaiting assessment."
    ],
    "facets_not_applicable": {
      "recognition": "A labor dispute is a social process that cannot be established from visual appearance alone, including demonstrations or workplace inactivity."
    }
  },
  "sources": [
    {
      "id": "wikidata",
      "title": "Wikidata item Q5782934: labor dispute",
      "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782934",
      "url_status": "live",
      "what_it_supports": "identity and sense of the item",
      "checked_by": "wikidata-api"
    },
    {
      "id": "wikipedia-en",
      "title": "Wikipedia: Labor dispute",
      "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Labor_dispute",
      "url_status": "live",
      "what_it_supports": "general description of the item",
      "checked_by": "wikidata-api sitelink"
    }
  ],
  "structure": {
    "bundles": [
      {
        "id": "dispute-boundaries-and-issues",
        "name": "Dispute boundaries and issues",
        "description": "Establishes what disagreement is being modelled and how its constituent issues relate.",
        "rationale": "A labor dispute can span several demands, workplaces and proceedings; its identity cannot be reduced to a single complaint or stoppage.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "employment-nexus-and-episode",
            "name": "Employment nexus and episode",
            "description": "Identifies the connection to work and the boundaries of the dispute episode.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "contested-work-related-position",
                "name": "Contested work-related position",
                "description": "Record the demand or objection, its connection to work, and evidence that positions conflict; retain competing onset and boundary accounts.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What work-related demand, objection or incompatible position makes this an instance of a labor dispute?",
                    "kind": "definition",
                    "id": "contested-work-related-position-q01"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "What connects these complaints or events into one dispute rather than several separate disputes?",
                    "kind": "boundary",
                    "id": "contested-work-related-position-q02"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "issue-and-entitlement-framing",
            "name": "Issue and entitlement framing",
            "description": "Separates substantive issues and the basis on which each party advances them.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "existing-rights-and-proposed-terms",
                "name": "Existing rights and proposed terms",
                "description": "For each issue, distinguish assertions about existing entitlements from proposals for new terms, attributing classifications where parties or institutions disagree.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Does this issue concern an asserted existing entitlement, a proposed change to terms, or both?",
                    "kind": "definition",
                    "id": "existing-rights-and-proposed-terms-q01"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which contract, agreement, practice or other identified basis does each party invoke for its position?",
                    "kind": "provenance",
                    "id": "existing-rights-and-proposed-terms-q02"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "parties-and-representation",
        "name": "Parties and representation",
        "description": "Identifies opposing parties, affected constituencies and the authority of representatives.",
        "rationale": "The people affected, those taking action and those empowered to negotiate or settle may be different groups.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "party-and-constituency-map",
            "name": "Party and constituency map",
            "description": "Maps employment relationships and the groups implicated by each disputed issue.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "affected-and-contesting-groups",
                "name": "Affected and contesting groups",
                "description": "Record who advances or opposes each claim, who is affected, and contested employer identity, worker status or group membership.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Which workers, employers or organisations advance or oppose each issue, and which are affected without being parties?",
                    "kind": "boundary",
                    "id": "affected-and-contesting-groups-q01"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "What evidence supports the asserted employment relationships and constituency boundaries?",
                    "kind": "provenance",
                    "id": "affected-and-contesting-groups-q02"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "mandates-and-settlement-authority",
            "name": "Mandates and settlement authority",
            "description": "Distinguishes representation claims from documented authority to take particular steps.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "issue-specific-representative-mandate",
                "name": "Issue-specific representative mandate",
                "description": "Record the source, scope, duration and challenges to a representative's mandate, including any required ratification.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Who authorised each representative, for which constituency and issues, and through what recorded process?",
                    "kind": "provenance",
                    "id": "issue-specific-representative-mandate-q01"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Who can negotiate, accept or sign a settlement, and what further approval is required?",
                    "kind": "action",
                    "id": "issue-specific-representative-mandate-q02"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "positions-evidence-and-procedure",
        "name": "Positions, evidence and procedure",
        "description": "Connects competing accounts to supporting material and the routes through which the dispute is being handled.",
        "rationale": "An agent must distinguish a party's assertion from an established outcome and identify procedural options without assuming one universal labor-relations system.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "claims-responses-and-support",
            "name": "Claims, responses and support",
            "description": "Preserves attributed positions and the evidentiary status of disputed propositions.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "attributed-issue-record",
                "name": "Attributed issue record",
                "description": "Link each demand and response to dated statements, supporting records, challenges and any admissions or determinations.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What remedy or change does each party seek, and how has the opposing party responded?",
                    "kind": "definition",
                    "id": "attributed-issue-record-q01"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which records support or challenge each material assertion, and what remains unverified?",
                    "kind": "provenance",
                    "id": "attributed-issue-record-q02"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "applicable-process-and-forum",
            "name": "Applicable process and forum",
            "description": "Records the instruments, bodies and procedural stages asserted to govern the dispute.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "procedural-route-and-prerequisites",
                "name": "Procedural route and prerequisites",
                "description": "Track actual and proposed routes such as direct negotiation, grievance handling, mediation, arbitration or adjudication, with sourced applicability and prerequisites.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Which identified instrument or institutional decision supports this forum, deadline or procedural requirement?",
                    "kind": "provenance",
                    "id": "procedural-route-and-prerequisites-q01"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "What next procedural steps are available, and which prerequisites or jurisdictional disagreements must first be resolved?",
                    "kind": "action",
                    "id": "procedural-route-and-prerequisites-q02"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "industrial-action-and-effects",
        "name": "Industrial action and effects",
        "description": "Tracks dispute-related collective conduct and its reported consequences.",
        "rationale": "Industrial action can change the dispute's trajectory, but its occurrence, authorisation, effects and legal classification require separate records.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "action-form-and-status",
            "name": "Action form and status",
            "description": "Distinguishes proposed or actual strikes, lockouts, overtime refusals, work-to-rule and other specified conduct.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "action-episode-and-attributed-status",
                "name": "Action episode and attributed status",
                "description": "Record each action's organisers, participants, timing, mandate and notices; attribute claims about permissibility to their sources.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What conduct was proposed or occurred, by whom, at which workplaces and during what period?",
                    "kind": "measurement",
                    "id": "action-episode-and-attributed-status-q01"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "What evidence establishes its mandate, notices and any institutional determination of its status?",
                    "kind": "provenance",
                    "id": "action-episode-and-attributed-status-q02"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "participation-and-consequences",
            "name": "Participation and consequences",
            "description": "Records the scale and reported effects of the dispute and associated actions.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "measured-effects-and-attribution",
                "name": "Measured effects and attribution",
                "description": "Separate participation, working time lost, pay effects and service disruption from claims about their causes; retain measurement methods and uncertainty.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How were participation, working time lost and other reported effects measured, over what population and period?",
                    "kind": "measurement",
                    "id": "measured-effects-and-attribution-q01"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which effects can be connected to this dispute or action, and which have unresolved alternative explanations?",
                    "kind": "boundary",
                    "id": "measured-effects-and-attribution-q02"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "resolution-and-implementation",
        "name": "Resolution and implementation",
        "description": "Tracks proposed outcomes, accepted or imposed dispositions and whether obligations are fulfilled.",
        "rationale": "An agreement, decision or return to work may leave substantive issues or implementation obligations outstanding.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "offers-and-issue-disposition",
            "name": "Offers and issue disposition",
            "description": "Connects settlement proposals and decisions to the issues they address.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "settlement-coverage-and-acceptance",
                "name": "Settlement coverage and acceptance",
                "description": "Record offer versions, concessions, acceptance conditions and issue-level dispositions, distinguishing agreement from withdrawal or an imposed decision.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Which demands does each proposal or outcome satisfy, modify, defer or leave unresolved?",
                    "kind": "boundary",
                    "id": "settlement-coverage-and-acceptance-q01"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "What acceptance, ratification or decision establishes the outcome, and for whom does it take effect?",
                    "kind": "provenance",
                    "id": "settlement-coverage-and-acceptance-q02"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "fulfilment-and-closure",
            "name": "Fulfilment and closure",
            "description": "Tests whether promised or ordered changes occur and whether closure is supported.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "obligations-and-reopening",
                "name": "Obligations and reopening",
                "description": "Track responsible parties, due dates and evidence of fulfilment, retaining unresolved issues and the relationship between recurrence and the original dispute.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What payments, reinstatements, term changes or other obligations remain, and what evidence would establish completion?",
                    "kind": "action",
                    "id": "obligations-and-reopening-q01"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Does the evidence support full closure, suspension or partial resolution, and would renewed disagreement reopen this dispute or constitute a new one?",
                    "kind": "boundary",
                    "id": "obligations-and-reopening-q02"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment",
        "name": "Evidence and external alignment",
        "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.",
        "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "reported-evidence",
            "name": "Reported evidence",
            "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "evidence-confidence-notes",
                "name": "Check these first",
                "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.",
                "evidence": [
                  "This describes the general industrial-relations concept; statutory definitions may include prospective employment relationships or disputes between unions.",
                  "The classifications overlap: a dispute can simultaneously be collective, rights-based, and concerned with recognition.",
                  "Named ILO instruments are recalled references, not sources inspected for this response; applicability depends on the instrument, ratification, and domestic implementation."
                ],
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "id": "evidence-confidence-notes-q01",
                    "text": "Which of these check these first hold for the sense of labor dispute this model covers, and on what evidence?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              },
              {
                "id": "evidence-kinds",
                "name": "Kinds and varieties",
                "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.",
                "evidence": [
                  "Individual disputes concerning a worker's employment",
                  "Collective disputes concerning a group of workers",
                  "Rights disputes over existing legal or contractual entitlements",
                  "Interest disputes over proposed employment terms",
                  "Recognition disputes over worker representation",
                  "Jurisdictional disputes between unions over representation or work allocation"
                ],
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "id": "evidence-kinds-q01",
                    "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of labor dispute this model covers, and on what evidence?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              },
              {
                "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation",
                "name": "Standards and regulation",
                "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.",
                "evidence": [
                  "International Labour Organization Convention No. 87: Freedom of Association and Protection of the Right to Organise Convention, 1948",
                  "International Labour Organization Convention No. 98: Right to Organise and Collective Bargaining Convention, 1949",
                  "International Labour Organization Recommendation No. 92: Voluntary Conciliation and Arbitration Recommendation, 1951",
                  "International Labour Organization Convention No. 154: Collective Bargaining Convention, 1981"
                ],
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation-q01",
                    "text": "Which of these standards and regulation hold for the sense of labor dispute this model covers, and on what evidence?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              },
              {
                "id": "evidence-real-world-use",
                "name": "Real-world use",
                "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.",
                "evidence": [
                  "Classifying disagreements for grievance procedures, collective bargaining, mediation, conciliation, arbitration, or adjudication",
                  "Determining which institution or procedure has authority to address an employment conflict",
                  "Negotiating wages, hours, staffing, benefits, and workplace protections",
                  "Recording industrial conflict and its effects on workers, employers, and production"
                ],
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01",
                    "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of labor dispute this model covers, and on what evidence?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              },
              {
                "id": "evidence-measurements",
                "name": "Typical measurements",
                "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.",
                "evidence": [
                  {
                    "quantity": "Dispute duration",
                    "typical_range": "No universal typical range; opening and closure criteria must be specified",
                    "unit": "calendar days"
                  },
                  {
                    "quantity": "Workers involved",
                    "typical_range": "One to many thousands; direct and indirect involvement may be counted differently",
                    "unit": "workers"
                  },
                  {
                    "quantity": "Working time lost through associated stoppages",
                    "typical_range": "Zero for disputes without stoppages; otherwise context dependent",
                    "unit": "worker-days"
                  }
                ],
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "id": "evidence-measurements-q01",
                    "text": "Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of labor dispute this model covers, and on what evidence?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              },
              {
                "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards",
                "name": "Failure modes and hazards",
                "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.",
                "evidence": [
                  "Escalation into prolonged stoppages, lost earnings, or interrupted services",
                  "Retaliation, discriminatory treatment, or interference with worker representation",
                  "Violence or intimidation during confrontation",
                  "Procedural delay or unequal bargaining power preventing effective resolution",
                  "Treating strike statistics as a measure of all disputes, thereby excluding conflicts without work stoppages"
                ],
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01",
                    "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of labor dispute this model covers, and on what evidence?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              },
              {
                "id": "evidence-regional-variation",
                "name": "Regional variation",
                "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.",
                "evidence": [
                  "Legal definitions and available remedies vary by jurisdiction, employment status, and public- or private-sector coverage.",
                  "Some systems distinguish sharply between rights disputes handled through adjudication and interest disputes handled through bargaining or conciliation.",
                  "Recognition procedures, strike restrictions, and compulsory dispute-resolution arrangements differ, particularly for public services and essential services."
                ],
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "id": "evidence-regional-variation-q01",
                    "text": "Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of labor dispute this model covers, and on what evidence?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              },
              {
                "id": "evidence-neighbours",
                "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart",
                "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.",
                "evidence": [
                  {
                    "name": "Strike",
                    "difference": "A strike is a concerted withholding of labor; a labor dispute can exist without any strike."
                  },
                  {
                    "name": "Lockout",
                    "difference": "A lockout is an employer-initiated exclusion or withholding of work used in industrial conflict; the dispute is the underlying disagreement."
                  },
                  {
                    "name": "Collective bargaining",
                    "difference": "Collective bargaining is a process for negotiating employment terms; it can prevent, generate, or resolve a dispute."
                  },
                  {
                    "name": "Grievance",
                    "difference": "A grievance is a complaint raised through an employment relationship or procedure; it may become a dispute when contested or unresolved."
                  },
                  {
                    "name": "Workplace interpersonal conflict",
                    "difference": "Personal disagreement alone is insufficient; a labor dispute concerns employment relations, rights, representation, or working terms."
                  }
                ],
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01",
                    "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of labor dispute this model covers, and on what evidence?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  },
  "openQuestions": [
    "Which reference definitions should anchor the entry, and how do their treatment of individual grievances, collective disputes and representation conflicts differ?",
    "How should the model accommodate disputed employment status, platform work and multi-employer arrangements without presupposing who the employer is?",
    "Which rules should distinguish one continuing dispute from linked disputes across workplaces, bargaining rounds or repeated actions?",
    "How should jurisdiction-specific classifications and procedural requirements be attached while keeping the core model reusable?",
    "Which measures of participation, working time lost and settlement implementation permit meaningful comparison when reporting practices differ?"
  ],
  "statistics": {
    "bundles": 6,
    "layers": 11,
    "findings": 18,
    "questions": 28
  }
}
