{
  "vercy": "1.0-draft",
  "publication": {
    "status": "research-draft",
    "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed",
    "publishableCanonical": false,
    "generatedAt": "2026-09-13T23:53:45Z",
    "providers": [
      "Claude"
    ],
    "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify",
    "pass": 2,
    "wave": 4,
    "engine": "claude",
    "enrichment": {
      "pass": 3,
      "engine": "claude",
      "producedAt": "2026-10-06T11:00:00Z",
      "ingestedAt": "2026-10-06T07:43:58+00:00",
      "fields": [
        "agent_conduct",
        "ethics",
        "owners"
      ]
    },
    "gate": {
      "passed": true,
      "version": "1.0",
      "at": "2026-10-06T19:52:01+00:00",
      "evidence": [
        "completeness 1.00",
        "sense: Wikidata description",
        "2 live sources",
        "review by codex: pass"
      ]
    }
  },
  "metaModel": {
    "id": "THING-Q58680",
    "registryId": "vr.tr.pashto",
    "name": "Pashto",
    "version": "0.2.0-wave.4",
    "entryKind": "thing",
    "family": "Thing Registry",
    "domain": [
      "INF.MED"
    ],
    "status": "research-draft"
  },
  "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q58680/",
  "model": {
    "registry_id": "vr.tr.pashto",
    "name": "Pashto",
    "purpose": "Let an agent explain Pashto, relay classification, geography, dialects, script, literature and status from linguistic and cultural sources with debates attributed, describe the named varieties, and distinguish Pashto from Dari, Persian, Urdu, Balochi and the Pashtunwali cultural code.",
    "definition": "An Eastern Iranian language spoken by the Pashtun people, an official language of Afghanistan and a major regional language of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Balochistan in Pakistan, with tens of millions of speakers, written in a modified Arabic script, with dialect groups the registry aliases name including Northern or Yusufzai Pashto, Southern or Kandahari Pashto, Central Pashto including Waziri or Wazirwola, and Quetta Pashto, and Tareeno, a distinct variety sometimes treated as a separate language; it has a rich oral and written literature, including the poetry of Rahman Baba and Khushal Khan Khattak. Speaker figures and classification of varieties should be checked against current sources, with debates attributed.",
    "what_it_is_for": "Communication and cultural identity of Pashtuns.",
    "affordances": [
      "explain classification and geography",
      "relay dialects and script",
      "describe named varieties",
      "relay literature and status"
    ],
    "distinguishing_features": [
      "Eastern Iranian",
      "Hard and soft dialect distinctions",
      "Rich poetry",
      "Cross-border community"
    ],
    "appearance": "Not a physical object; written in an Arabic-based script with additional letters.",
    "visual_identification": [
      "Eastern Iranian language of Pashtuns",
      "Wazirwola, Northern Pashto, Southern Pashto, Quetta Pashto, Central Pashto, Tareeno",
      "Dari is Afghan Persian; Persian is Western Iranian; Urdu is Indo-Aryan; Balochi is a separate Iranian language; Pashtunwali is a cultural code"
    ],
    "physical_properties": [
      {
        "quantity": "official in Afghanistan",
        "typical_range": "with Dari",
        "unit": "note",
        "note": "constitutional status, check current"
      },
      {
        "quantity": "script",
        "typical_range": "modified Perso-Arabic",
        "unit": "note",
        "note": "44 letters"
      },
      {
        "quantity": "Khushal Khan Khattak",
        "typical_range": "1613-1689",
        "unit": "note",
        "note": "poet"
      }
    ],
    "families_and_kinds": [
      "Northern Pashto",
      "Southern Pashto",
      "Central Pashto dialects",
      "Tareeno and Wanetsi varieties",
      "diaspora Pashto"
    ],
    "related_models": [
      {
        "relation": "is a kind of",
        "target": "Eastern Iranian languages",
        "why": "in registry terms"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is spoken by",
        "target": "Pashtuns",
        "why": ""
      },
      {
        "relation": "is contrasted with",
        "target": "Dari",
        "why": ""
      },
      {
        "relation": "includes",
        "target": "Waziri dialect",
        "why": ""
      }
    ],
    "identifiers": [],
    "standards_and_regulation": [
      "Constitutional language provisions in Afghanistan",
      "Provincial language policies in Pakistan",
      "ISO 639 code ps"
    ],
    "failure_modes_and_hazards": [
      "Stale speaker figures",
      "Partisan framing of language politics",
      "Treating Pashto and Dari as the same"
    ],
    "in_scope": [],
    "out_of_scope": [],
    "characteristics": [],
    "agent_conduct": {
      "may": [
        "Translate or explain Pashto with a stated level of confidence and dialect.",
        "Support learners and speakers with Pashto script and grammar resources."
      ],
      "must_not": [
        "Use Pashto translation in asylum, legal or medical settings without a qualified interpreter's review.",
        "Infer a person's ethnicity, politics or loyalty from their use of Pashto.",
        "Stereotype Pashtun people or associate the language with extremism.",
        "Present one dialect as the only correct Pashto."
      ],
      "requires_human": [
        "Relying on machine translation of Pashto for decisions about a person's rights or safety."
      ]
    },
    "ethics": {
      "considerations": [
        "Pashto speakers include many refugees whose cases can turn on accurate interpretation.",
        "Speakers face prejudice that careless associations reinforce."
      ],
      "affected_parties": [
        "Pashto speakers",
        "Refugees and asylum seekers",
        "Interpreters"
      ]
    },
    "owners": {
      "steward": "Nobody owns a language; speaker communities and language academies maintain its standards.",
      "master_systems": []
    }
  },
  "sources": [
    {
      "id": "wikidata",
      "title": "Wikidata item Q58680: Pashto",
      "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q58680",
      "url_status": "live",
      "what_it_supports": "identity and sense of the item",
      "checked_by": "wikidata-api"
    },
    {
      "id": "wikipedia-en",
      "title": "Wikipedia: Pashto",
      "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pashto",
      "url_status": "live",
      "what_it_supports": "general description of the item",
      "checked_by": "wikidata-api sitelink"
    }
  ],
  "structure": {
    "bundles": [
      {
        "id": "understand",
        "name": "Understand",
        "description": "What Pashto is.",
        "rationale": "Attribution.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "definition",
            "name": "Definition",
            "description": "Definition.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "definition-finding",
                "name": "Definition",
                "description": "Definition.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What is Pashto, and how does it differ from Dari, Persian, Urdu, Balochi and Pashtunwali?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Is the question about learning, linguistics, literature or politics?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "varieties",
            "name": "Varieties",
            "description": "Named varieties.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "varieties-finding",
                "name": "Varieties",
                "description": "Varieties.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What are Northern, Southern, Central and Quetta Pashto, Wazirwola and Tareeno?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits the specific variety?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "linguistics",
        "name": "Linguistics",
        "description": "Linguistics.",
        "rationale": "Sources.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "classification",
            "name": "Classification",
            "description": "Iranian classification.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "classification-finding",
                "name": "Classification",
                "description": "Classification.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Why is Pashto classified as Eastern Iranian?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which references are standard?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "dialects",
            "name": "Dialects",
            "description": "Hard and soft dialects.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "dialects-finding",
                "name": "Dialects",
                "description": "Dialects.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How do northern hard and southern soft dialects differ in pronunciation?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which sources are cited?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "culture",
        "name": "Culture",
        "description": "Literature.",
        "rationale": "Sources.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "poetry",
            "name": "Poetry",
            "description": "Poetry.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "poetry-finding",
                "name": "Poetry",
                "description": "Poetry.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Who were Rahman Baba and Khushal Khan Khattak?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits Rahman Baba?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "landay",
            "name": "Landay",
            "description": "Landay folk poetry.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "landay-finding",
                "name": "Landay",
                "description": "Landay.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What is the landay couplet tradition, including women s voices?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits landay?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "context",
        "name": "Context",
        "description": "Status and politics.",
        "rationale": "Attribution.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "status",
            "name": "Status",
            "description": "Official status.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "status-finding",
                "name": "Status",
                "description": "Status.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What is Pashto s current official status in Afghanistan and Pakistan, checked against current sources?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Is the information current?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "politics",
            "name": "Politics",
            "description": "Language politics.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "politics-finding",
                "name": "Politics",
                "description": "Politics.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What debates exist about Pashto in education and national identity, with positions attributed?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Is the presentation neutral and attributed?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  },
  "openQuestions": [
    "Should Tareeno be treated as a separate language entry?",
    "How should dialect classifications be linked?",
    "How should current official status be verified?"
  ],
  "statistics": {
    "bundles": 4,
    "layers": 8,
    "findings": 8,
    "questions": 16
  }
}