{
  "vercy": "1.0-draft",
  "publication": {
    "status": "research-draft",
    "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed",
    "publishableCanonical": false,
    "generatedAt": "2026-09-11T06:25:11Z",
    "providers": [
      "Claude"
    ],
    "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify",
    "pass": 2,
    "wave": 1,
    "engine": "claude",
    "enrichment": {
      "pass": 3,
      "engine": "claude",
      "producedAt": "2026-10-05T16:30:00Z",
      "ingestedAt": "2026-10-05T13:19:28+00:00",
      "fields": [
        "agent_conduct",
        "ethics",
        "owners"
      ]
    },
    "gate": {
      "passed": true,
      "version": "1.0",
      "at": "2026-10-06T19:52:01+00:00",
      "evidence": [
        "completeness 1.00",
        "sense: Wikidata description",
        "2 live sources",
        "review by codex: pass"
      ]
    }
  },
  "metaModel": {
    "id": "THING-Q5871",
    "registryId": "vr.tr.white-dwarf",
    "name": "white dwarf",
    "version": "0.2.0-wave.1",
    "entryKind": "thing",
    "family": "Thing Registry",
    "domain": [
      "PHY.SPC"
    ],
    "status": "research-draft"
  },
  "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q5871/",
  "model": {
    "registry_id": "vr.tr.white-dwarf",
    "name": "white dwarf",
    "purpose": "Let an agent describe white dwarfs by type, mass, temperature and evolution, separating established facts from hypothetical objects.",
    "definition": "A compact stellar remnant composed mostly of electron-degenerate matter, left after a low- or medium-mass star sheds its outer layers, about Earth-sized with a mass up to about 1.4 solar masses.",
    "what_it_is_for": "White dwarfs are the fate of most stars, including the Sun, and help date stellar populations.",
    "affordances": [
      "observe and classify it",
      "measure mass and temperature",
      "use cooling ages",
      "study pulsating white dwarfs"
    ],
    "distinguishing_features": [
      "Electron-degenerate remnant",
      "Earth-sized but star-massed",
      "Cools slowly over billions of years",
      "Black dwarfs are hypothetical, as the universe is too young"
    ],
    "appearance": "Faint, hot, small stars; many are white or blue-white.",
    "visual_identification": [
      "Low luminosity with high temperature",
      "Spectral types DA, DB and others",
      "ZZ Ceti variables pulsate"
    ],
    "physical_properties": [
      {
        "quantity": "mass",
        "typical_range": "about 0.5-1.4",
        "unit": "solar masses",
        "note": "Chandrasekhar limit near 1.4"
      },
      {
        "quantity": "radius",
        "typical_range": "about Earth size",
        "unit": "km",
        "note": "roughly 6000-10000 km"
      }
    ],
    "families_and_kinds": [
      "DA and DB white dwarfs",
      "pulsating white dwarfs (ZZ Ceti)",
      "white dwarfs in binaries",
      "hypothetical black dwarfs"
    ],
    "related_models": [
      {
        "relation": "is a kind of",
        "target": "compact object",
        "why": "remnant"
      },
      {
        "relation": "forms from",
        "target": "star",
        "why": "low-mass star"
      },
      {
        "relation": "can cause",
        "target": "supernova",
        "why": "type Ia"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is confused with",
        "target": "neutron star",
        "why": "denser remnant"
      }
    ],
    "identifiers": [
      {
        "scheme": "WD designation",
        "value_or_pattern": "WD plus coordinates",
        "note": "catalogues"
      },
      {
        "scheme": "Gaia source id",
        "value_or_pattern": "numeric",
        "note": "Gaia white dwarf catalogue"
      }
    ],
    "standards_and_regulation": [
      "IAU nomenclature"
    ],
    "failure_modes_and_hazards": [
      "Presenting hypothetical objects such as quark stars as observed",
      "Confusing remnant types"
    ],
    "in_scope": [],
    "out_of_scope": [],
    "characteristics": [],
    "agent_conduct": {
      "may": [
        "Describe white dwarfs and report observations from astronomical catalogues.",
        "Explain stellar evolution leading to white dwarfs from established sources."
      ],
      "must_not": [
        "Present estimated masses, ages or distances as exact.",
        "Attribute a discovery to a researcher without a source.",
        "Present speculative models as settled fact."
      ],
      "requires_human": [
        "Announcing a new discovery on behalf of a research team."
      ]
    },
    "ethics": {
      "considerations": [
        "Scientific claims should be accurate and credited to those who made them.",
        "Public trust in astronomy depends on honest statements of uncertainty."
      ],
      "affected_parties": [
        "Researchers",
        "The public who rely on science reporting"
      ]
    },
    "owners": {
      "steward": "Nobody: a natural object; astronomical catalogues keep the authoritative records.",
      "master_systems": [
        "Astronomical object catalogues and databases"
      ]
    }
  },
  "sources": [
    {
      "id": "wikidata",
      "title": "Wikidata item Q5871: white dwarf",
      "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5871",
      "url_status": "live",
      "what_it_supports": "identity and sense of the item",
      "checked_by": "wikidata-api"
    },
    {
      "id": "wikipedia-en",
      "title": "Wikipedia: White dwarf",
      "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White_dwarf",
      "url_status": "live",
      "what_it_supports": "general description of the item",
      "checked_by": "wikidata-api sitelink"
    }
  ],
  "structure": {
    "bundles": [
      {
        "id": "identity",
        "name": "Identity",
        "description": "Which white dwarf.",
        "rationale": "Designations and type.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "designation",
            "name": "Designation",
            "description": "Catalogue.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "designation-finding",
                "name": "Designation",
                "description": "Designation.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Which designation identifies it?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which spectral type?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "system",
            "name": "System",
            "description": "Single or binary.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "system-finding",
                "name": "System",
                "description": "System context.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Is it single or in a binary?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Does it accrete from a companion?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "properties",
        "name": "Properties",
        "description": "Mass and temperature.",
        "rationale": "Properties describe evolution.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "mass",
            "name": "Mass",
            "description": "Measurement.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "mass-finding",
                "name": "Mass",
                "description": "Mass.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What is its mass?",
                    "kind": "measurement"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "How was it measured?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "temperature",
            "name": "Temperature and age",
            "description": "Cooling.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "temperature-finding",
                "name": "Cooling",
                "description": "Temperature and cooling age.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What is its temperature and cooling age?",
                    "kind": "measurement"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "How uncertain?",
                    "kind": "measurement"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "evolution",
        "name": "Evolution",
        "description": "Past and future.",
        "rationale": "White dwarfs are stellar endpoints.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "origin",
            "name": "Origin",
            "description": "Progenitor.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "origin-finding",
                "name": "Origin",
                "description": "Progenitor.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What kind of star did it come from?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "How is that inferred?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "future",
            "name": "Future",
            "description": "Cooling or explosion.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "future-finding",
                "name": "Future",
                "description": "Future evolution.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Could it become a type Ia supernova?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "What does theory predict?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "communication",
        "name": "Communication",
        "description": "Accurate claims.",
        "rationale": "Keep hypotheses marked.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "hypothetical",
            "name": "Hypothetical objects",
            "description": "Black and quark stars.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "hypothetical-finding",
                "name": "Hypothetical",
                "description": "Hypothetical objects.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Is a hypothetical object being presented as real?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "How should that be corrected?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "sun",
            "name": "The Sun",
            "description": "Our future.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "sun-finding",
                "name": "Sun",
                "description": "The Sun fate.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Will the Sun become a white dwarf, and when?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "How certain is that?",
                    "kind": "measurement"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  },
  "openQuestions": [
    "Should spectral types be separate entries?",
    "How should hypothetical objects be marked?",
    "How should Gaia catalogue entries be linked?"
  ],
  "statistics": {
    "bundles": 4,
    "layers": 8,
    "findings": 8,
    "questions": 16
  }
}