{
  "vercy": "1.0-draft",
  "publication": {
    "status": "research-draft",
    "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed",
    "publishableCanonical": false,
    "generatedAt": "2026-09-11T05:00:01Z",
    "providers": [
      "Claude"
    ],
    "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify",
    "pass": 2,
    "wave": 1,
    "engine": "claude",
    "enrichment": {
      "pass": 3,
      "engine": "claude",
      "producedAt": "2026-10-05T16:30:00Z",
      "ingestedAt": "2026-10-05T13:22:24+00:00",
      "fields": [
        "agent_conduct",
        "ethics",
        "owners"
      ]
    },
    "gate": {
      "passed": true,
      "version": "1.0",
      "at": "2026-10-06T19:52:01+00:00",
      "evidence": [
        "completeness 1.00",
        "sense: Wikidata description",
        "2 live sources",
        "review by codex: pass"
      ]
    }
  },
  "metaModel": {
    "id": "THING-Q589",
    "registryId": "vr.tr.black-hole",
    "name": "black hole",
    "version": "0.2.0-wave.1",
    "entryKind": "thing",
    "family": "Thing Registry",
    "domain": [
      "PHY.SPC"
    ],
    "status": "research-draft"
  },
  "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q589/",
  "model": {
    "registry_id": "vr.tr.black-hole",
    "name": "black hole",
    "purpose": "Let an agent describe black holes by mass class, properties, evidence and location, and separate established physics from speculation.",
    "definition": "A region of spacetime where gravity is so strong that nothing, not even light, can escape from inside its event horizon, formed from collapsed stars or in galactic centres.",
    "what_it_is_for": "Black holes test gravity, power quasars and shape galaxies.",
    "affordances": [
      "detect it, indirectly through orbits, accretion, gravitational waves or imaging of its shadow",
      "measure its mass and spin",
      "catalogue it",
      "model it, with general relativity"
    ],
    "distinguishing_features": [
      "Event horizon from which nothing escapes",
      "Described by mass, spin and charge",
      "Stellar, intermediate and supermassive classes",
      "Primordial black holes are hypothetical"
    ],
    "appearance": "Invisible itself; seen as a dark shadow against glowing accreting gas, as in Event Horizon Telescope images, or by effects on nearby stars.",
    "visual_identification": [
      "Stars orbiting an unseen mass",
      "X-ray emission from accretion discs",
      "Gravitational wave signals from mergers"
    ],
    "physical_properties": [
      {
        "quantity": "stellar black hole mass",
        "typical_range": "3-100",
        "unit": "solar masses",
        "note": ""
      },
      {
        "quantity": "supermassive mass",
        "typical_range": "10^5 to 10^10",
        "unit": "solar masses",
        "note": "Sagittarius A* about 4 million"
      }
    ],
    "families_and_kinds": [
      "stellar black holes",
      "intermediate-mass",
      "supermassive",
      "primordial (hypothetical)",
      "rotating (Kerr) black holes"
    ],
    "related_models": [
      {
        "relation": "is a kind of",
        "target": "astronomical object",
        "why": "compact object"
      },
      {
        "relation": "forms from",
        "target": "star",
        "why": "stellar collapse"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is at the centre of",
        "target": "galaxy",
        "why": "supermassive black holes"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is confused with",
        "target": "neutron star",
        "why": "another compact remnant"
      }
    ],
    "identifiers": [
      {
        "scheme": "source designation",
        "value_or_pattern": "catalogue names such as Cygnus X-1, Sagittarius A*",
        "note": "names of objects"
      },
      {
        "scheme": "gravitational wave event",
        "value_or_pattern": "GW plus date",
        "note": "merger events"
      }
    ],
    "standards_and_regulation": [
      "IAU nomenclature"
    ],
    "failure_modes_and_hazards": [
      "Presenting speculation as established",
      "Misleading popular claims about danger to Earth"
    ],
    "in_scope": [],
    "out_of_scope": [],
    "characteristics": [],
    "agent_conduct": {
      "may": [
        "Explain black holes from peer-reviewed science, separating observation from theory.",
        "Report catalogued black holes and their measured properties with sources."
      ],
      "must_not": [
        "Present speculation as established fact.",
        "Spread claims that a black hole threatens Earth without scientific basis.",
        "Misrepresent the safety of physics experiments to frighten people."
      ],
      "requires_human": [
        "Correcting widely shared public claims about black hole risks."
      ]
    },
    "ethics": {
      "considerations": [
        "Fear stoked by false claims undermines trust in science."
      ],
      "affected_parties": [
        "The public",
        "Scientists"
      ]
    },
    "owners": {
      "steward": "Nobody owns them; the scientific community studies them.",
      "master_systems": []
    }
  },
  "sources": [
    {
      "id": "wikidata",
      "title": "Wikidata item Q589: black hole",
      "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q589",
      "url_status": "live",
      "what_it_supports": "identity and sense of the item",
      "checked_by": "wikidata-api"
    },
    {
      "id": "wikipedia-en",
      "title": "Wikipedia: Black hole",
      "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_hole",
      "url_status": "live",
      "what_it_supports": "general description of the item",
      "checked_by": "wikidata-api sitelink"
    }
  ],
  "structure": {
    "bundles": [
      {
        "id": "identity",
        "name": "Identity",
        "description": "Which black hole.",
        "rationale": "Black holes are known by their host sources.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "designation",
            "name": "Designation",
            "description": "Source name.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "designation-finding",
                "name": "Designation",
                "description": "Names and catalogues.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Which source is this black hole associated with?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Is its black hole nature confirmed?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "class",
            "name": "Class",
            "description": "Mass class.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "class-finding",
                "name": "Class",
                "description": "The mass class.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Which mass class does it belong to?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "How did it form?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "properties",
        "name": "Properties",
        "description": "Mass and spin.",
        "rationale": "Mass and spin define a black hole.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "mass",
            "name": "Mass",
            "description": "Measured mass.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "mass-finding",
                "name": "Mass",
                "description": "Mass and method.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What is its mass, by which method?",
                    "kind": "measurement"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "What is the uncertainty?",
                    "kind": "measurement"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "spin",
            "name": "Spin",
            "description": "Rotation.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "spin-finding",
                "name": "Spin",
                "description": "Spin estimate.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How fast does it spin?",
                    "kind": "measurement"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "How was spin estimated?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "evidence",
        "name": "Evidence",
        "description": "How we know.",
        "rationale": "Evidence is indirect and must be graded.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "methods",
            "name": "Methods",
            "description": "Orbits, accretion, waves, imaging.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "methods-finding",
                "name": "Evidence",
                "description": "Evidence type.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Which observations establish it?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Could another object explain them?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "data",
            "name": "Data",
            "description": "Observatories.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "data-finding",
                "name": "Data",
                "description": "Observatories involved.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Which observatories provided the data?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Where is it published?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "communication",
        "name": "Communication",
        "description": "Explaining black holes.",
        "rationale": "Popular accounts often exaggerate.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "accuracy",
            "name": "Accuracy",
            "description": "Established vs speculative.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "accuracy-finding",
                "name": "Status of claims",
                "description": "Established and speculative claims.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Which claims are established physics and which speculation?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "How should that be signposted?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "risk",
            "name": "Risk myths",
            "description": "Danger to Earth.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "risk-finding",
                "name": "Risk",
                "description": "Actual risk.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Does this black hole pose any risk to Earth?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "How should alarmist claims be corrected?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  },
  "openQuestions": [
    "Should black hole classes be separate entries?",
    "How should hypothetical objects be marked?",
    "How should indirect evidence be graded?"
  ],
  "statistics": {
    "bundles": 4,
    "layers": 8,
    "findings": 8,
    "questions": 16
  }
}