{
  "vercy": "1.0-draft",
  "publication": {
    "status": "research-draft",
    "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed",
    "publishableCanonical": false,
    "generatedAt": "2026-09-11T04:44:29Z",
    "providers": [
      "Claude"
    ],
    "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify",
    "pass": 2,
    "wave": 1,
    "engine": "claude",
    "enrichment": {
      "pass": 3,
      "engine": "claude",
      "producedAt": "2026-10-05T16:30:00Z",
      "ingestedAt": "2026-10-05T13:19:38+00:00",
      "fields": [
        "agent_conduct",
        "ethics",
        "owners"
      ]
    },
    "gate": {
      "passed": true,
      "version": "1.0",
      "at": "2026-10-06T19:52:01+00:00",
      "evidence": [
        "completeness 1.00",
        "sense: Wikidata description",
        "2 live sources",
        "review by codex: pass"
      ]
    }
  },
  "metaModel": {
    "id": "THING-Q601401",
    "registryId": "vr.tr.trade",
    "name": "trade",
    "version": "0.2.0-wave.1",
    "entryKind": "thing",
    "family": "Thing Registry",
    "domain": [
      "ACT.ACT"
    ],
    "status": "research-draft"
  },
  "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q601401/",
  "model": {
    "registry_id": "vr.tr.trade",
    "name": "trade",
    "purpose": "Let an agent reason about trade as commercial activity with traders, outlets, goods, licences and consumer rules, separate from occupations and from international trade policy.",
    "definition": "The business of buying and selling goods or services, and the commercial activity and outlets through which it is carried out, from street vending to wholesale and retail shops.",
    "what_it_is_for": "Getting goods and services from producers to buyers in exchange for payment.",
    "affordances": [
      "buy and sell goods and services",
      "license and register a trading business",
      "set prices and terms, within consumer law",
      "inspect traders, for standards and fair dealing"
    ],
    "distinguishing_features": [
      "Exchange of goods or services for payment",
      "Carried out by traders through outlets",
      "Subject to licensing, consumer protection and tax rules",
      "Trade as a craft occupation is a different sense"
    ],
    "appearance": "Shops, markets, stalls, filling stations, cash-and-carry warehouses and online stores, with goods on display and prices.",
    "visual_identification": [
      "Goods on display with prices",
      "Shop signs, trading names and licences on display",
      "Payment points"
    ],
    "physical_properties": [],
    "families_and_kinds": [
      "retail: shops, supermarkets, specialist shops",
      "wholesale and cash and carry",
      "street vending and markets",
      "online commerce",
      "service stations and dealers such as coin dealers"
    ],
    "related_models": [
      {
        "relation": "involves",
        "target": "payment",
        "why": "exchange for money"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is carried out by",
        "target": "trader or business",
        "why": "the commercial actor"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is regulated by",
        "target": "consumer protection law",
        "why": "rights of buyers"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is confused with",
        "target": "international trade",
        "why": "trade between countries is a policy domain"
      }
    ],
    "identifiers": [
      {
        "scheme": "business registration number",
        "value_or_pattern": "jurisdiction-specific",
        "note": "identifies the trader"
      },
      {
        "scheme": "VAT number",
        "value_or_pattern": "country prefix plus digits",
        "note": "tax identity"
      },
      {
        "scheme": "NACE or NAICS code",
        "value_or_pattern": "industry classification",
        "note": "classifies the activity"
      }
    ],
    "standards_and_regulation": [
      "Consumer protection law, such as the EU Consumer Rights Directive",
      "Trading licences and street trading rules",
      "Weights and measures law",
      "Tax law on sales"
    ],
    "failure_modes_and_hazards": [
      "Unfair or misleading practices",
      "Unsafe or counterfeit goods",
      "Unlicensed trading",
      "Price errors and short measure"
    ],
    "in_scope": [],
    "out_of_scope": [],
    "characteristics": [],
    "agent_conduct": {
      "may": [
        "Report prices, terms and product information accurately for a seller it acts for.",
        "Check that a trader holds the licences a stated jurisdiction requires."
      ],
      "must_not": [
        "Use misleading claims, hidden charges or pressure tactics on buyers.",
        "Offer counterfeit, unsafe or recalled goods for sale.",
        "Trade without the licences the jurisdiction requires.",
        "Give short measure or charge a price other than the one displayed."
      ],
      "requires_human": [
        "Committing a buyer or seller to a contract.",
        "Setting or changing prices for a business."
      ]
    },
    "ethics": {
      "considerations": [
        "Fair trade relies on honesty between parties who know different things.",
        "Small traders and consumers are the weaker side and need protection from abuse."
      ],
      "affected_parties": [
        "Buyers and consumers",
        "Traders and their workers",
        "Competitors"
      ]
    },
    "owners": {
      "steward": "The trader who carries on the business; trading standards and licensing authorities regulate it.",
      "master_systems": [
        "Business and trade licensing registers"
      ]
    }
  },
  "sources": [
    {
      "id": "wikidata",
      "title": "Wikidata item Q601401: trade",
      "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q601401",
      "url_status": "live",
      "what_it_supports": "identity and sense of the item",
      "checked_by": "wikidata-api"
    },
    {
      "id": "wikipedia-en",
      "title": "Wikipedia: Trade",
      "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trade",
      "url_status": "live",
      "what_it_supports": "general description of the item",
      "checked_by": "wikidata-api sitelink"
    }
  ],
  "structure": {
    "bundles": [
      {
        "id": "trader-and-outlet",
        "name": "Trader and outlet",
        "description": "Who trades and where.",
        "rationale": "Identifying the trader is the basis of consumer rights.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "trader",
            "name": "Trader",
            "description": "Business identity.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "trader-finding",
                "name": "Trader identity",
                "description": "The legal identity of the trader.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Who is the trader, and what is their registration?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Are they licensed for this activity?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "outlet",
            "name": "Outlet",
            "description": "Shop, stall, online.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "outlet-finding",
                "name": "Outlet",
                "description": "The outlet type and location.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What kind of outlet is it, and where?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "What are its trading hours?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "goods-and-prices",
        "name": "Goods and prices",
        "description": "What is sold and for how much.",
        "rationale": "Goods and prices are the substance of the trade.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "goods",
            "name": "Goods and services",
            "description": "What is on offer.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "goods-finding",
                "name": "Offer",
                "description": "The goods and services offered.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What goods or services are sold?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Are any restricted, requiring age checks or licences?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "pricing",
            "name": "Pricing",
            "description": "Prices and terms.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "pricing-finding",
                "name": "Pricing",
                "description": "Prices and terms of sale.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What are the prices and terms, including taxes?",
                    "kind": "measurement"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Are prices displayed as required?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "consumer-rights",
        "name": "Consumer rights",
        "description": "Protection for buyers.",
        "rationale": "Consumer rights define what buyers can expect.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "rights",
            "name": "Rights",
            "description": "Returns, refunds, guarantees.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "rights-finding",
                "name": "Rights",
                "description": "Rights of the buyer.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Which return and refund rights apply?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "How is a complaint made?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "fairness",
            "name": "Fair dealing",
            "description": "Misleading practices.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "fairness-finding",
                "name": "Fairness",
                "description": "Signs of unfair practice.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Is anything in the offer misleading?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which authority handles complaints?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "regulation",
        "name": "Regulation",
        "description": "Licences, tax and inspection.",
        "rationale": "Rules protect buyers and the public purse.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "licensing",
            "name": "Licensing",
            "description": "Permits.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "licensing-finding",
                "name": "Licences",
                "description": "Licences held.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Which licences does this trade require?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Are they current?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "inspection",
            "name": "Inspection",
            "description": "Standards and weights.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "inspection-finding",
                "name": "Inspection",
                "description": "Inspection results.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "When was the trader last inspected, with what result?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Are measures and scales certified?",
                    "kind": "measurement"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  },
  "openQuestions": [
    "Should kinds of outlet be separate entries?",
    "How should trade as activity and trade as occupation be separated?",
    "Which industry classification should the registry use?"
  ],
  "statistics": {
    "bundles": 4,
    "layers": 8,
    "findings": 8,
    "questions": 16
  }
}