{
  "vercy": "1.0-draft",
  "publication": {
    "status": "research-draft",
    "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed",
    "publishableCanonical": false,
    "generatedAt": "2026-10-21T20:48:55Z",
    "providers": [
      "Claude"
    ],
    "breadth": "researched by Claude against the sources listed below",
    "pass": 2,
    "wave": 5,
    "engine": "claude",
    "gate": {
      "passed": true,
      "version": "1.0",
      "at": "2026-10-21T20:50:33+00:00",
      "evidence": [
        "completeness 1.00",
        "sense: Wikidata description",
        "6 live sources",
        "review by codex: pass"
      ]
    }
  },
  "metaModel": {
    "id": "THING-Q634209",
    "registryId": "vr.tr.cointet-element",
    "name": "Cointet-element",
    "version": "0.2.0-wave.5",
    "entryKind": "thing",
    "family": "Thing Registry",
    "domain": [
      "PHY.BLT"
    ],
    "status": "research-draft"
  },
  "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q634209/",
  "model": {
    "registry_id": "vr.tr.cointet-element",
    "name": "Cointet-element",
    "purpose": "Let an agent describe the Cointet element historically, its design, use and surviving examples, and point to museum and heritage sources.",
    "definition": "A mobile steel anti-tank obstacle, also called a Belgian gate or C-element: a heavy braced steel frame about 3 m wide and 2-2.5 m high on rollers, designed in the 1930s by the French officer Leon-Edmond de Cointet and used in Belgian defensive lines and later in the German Atlantic Wall.",
    "what_it_is_for": "Blocking roads and gaps against tanks; historically, part of fortified lines.",
    "affordances": [
      "describe design and history",
      "describe use in Belgian lines and on Normandy beaches",
      "point to surviving examples in museums",
      "explain heritage status"
    ],
    "distinguishing_features": [
      "A gate-like frame on rollers (often concrete), linkable into barriers.",
      "Unlike Czech hedgehogs, which are crossed steel beams, and dragon's teeth, generally fixed concrete obstacles.",
      "Many were moved to beaches by German forces as beach obstacles in 1944."
    ],
    "appearance": "A large steel fence-like frame with diagonal bracing, mounted on rollers.",
    "visual_identification": [
      "Heavy braced steel gate on small wheels",
      "Rows of linked gates as barriers"
    ],
    "physical_properties": [
      {
        "quantity": "weight",
        "typical_range": "about 1.28-1.4",
        "unit": "t",
        "note": "published figures differ; tie to a documented example"
      },
      {
        "quantity": "width",
        "typical_range": "about 3",
        "unit": "m",
        "note": ""
      },
      {
        "quantity": "height",
        "typical_range": "about 2-2.5",
        "unit": "m",
        "note": ""
      }
    ],
    "families_and_kinds": [
      "Cointet element (Belgian gate)"
    ],
    "related_models": [
      {
        "relation": "is a kind of",
        "target": "anti-tank obstacle",
        "why": "military engineering"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is part of",
        "target": "KW line",
        "why": "Belgian defensive line"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is related to",
        "target": "Czech hedgehog",
        "why": "other obstacle"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is part of",
        "target": "Atlantic Wall",
        "why": "reuse"
      }
    ],
    "identifiers": [],
    "standards_and_regulation": [
      "Heritage protection of surviving fortifications, by country"
    ],
    "failure_modes_and_hazards": [
      "Rusted remains on beaches and in water",
      "Unexploded ordnance near former obstacles"
    ],
    "agent_conduct": {
      "may": [
        "describe history and heritage"
      ],
      "must_not": [
        "advise approaching unexploded ordnance"
      ],
      "requires_human": []
    },
    "ethics": {
      "considerations": [
        "historical accuracy",
        "remembrance"
      ],
      "affected_parties": [
        "visitors",
        "historians"
      ]
    },
    "owners": {
      "steward": "nobody now as a type; surviving pieces belong to museums or landowners",
      "master_systems": [
        "museum collections"
      ]
    },
    "facets_not_applicable": {},
    "in_scope": [],
    "out_of_scope": [],
    "characteristics": []
  },
  "sources": [
    {
      "id": "SRC-001",
      "title": "Q634209",
      "publisher": "Wikidata",
      "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q634209",
      "what_it_supports": "identity of the registry item, labels and sitelinks",
      "url_status": "live"
    },
    {
      "id": "SRC-002",
      "title": "Belgian Gate",
      "publisher": "Wikipedia",
      "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgian_Gate",
      "what_it_supports": "general description of the subject",
      "url_status": "live"
    },
    {
      "id": "SRC-003",
      "title": "Cointet-element",
      "publisher": "Wikipedia",
      "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cointet-element",
      "what_it_supports": "Names, attributed inventor, 1933 origin, approximate dimensions, 1,280 kg mass and historical deployment.",
      "url_status": "live"
    },
    {
      "id": "SRC-004",
      "title": "Off the Wall: Beach obstacles",
      "publisher": "Atlantikwall Raversyde, Province of West Flanders",
      "url": "https://www.raversyde.be/sites/default/files/public/2021-10/Lesmap%20Off%20the%20Wall_ENG.pdf",
      "what_it_supports": "Belgian gates, French inventor, beach reuse and comparison with other beach obstacles.",
      "url_status": "live"
    },
    {
      "id": "SRC-005",
      "title": "Bunkers KW-linie Vlaams-Brabant",
      "publisher": "Flanders Heritage Agency",
      "url": "https://inventaris.onroerenderfgoed.be/erfgoedobjecten/306075",
      "what_it_supports": "Cointet barriers in the KW line, 1939-1940 context and surviving remains.",
      "url_status": "live"
    },
    {
      "id": "SRC-006",
      "title": "Une barriere Cointet au Musee des Chasseurs Ardennais",
      "publisher": "Fraternelle Royale des Chasseurs Ardennais",
      "url": "https://www.fraternellechasseursardennais.be/revue/Cha268.pdf",
      "what_it_supports": "Museum recovery, three rollers and the alternative dimensions of 3 m by 2.5 m with 1,400 kg mass.",
      "url_status": "live"
    }
  ],
  "structure": {
    "bundles": [
      {
        "id": "design",
        "name": "Design",
        "description": "What it is.",
        "rationale": "Design explains its use.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "structure",
            "name": "Structure",
            "description": "Frame and rollers.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "structure",
                "name": "Structure",
                "description": "Dimensions and weight.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What are its dimensions and weight?",
                    "kind": "measurement"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "From which source?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "designer",
            "name": "Designer",
            "description": "Origin.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "origin",
                "name": "Origin",
                "description": "Designer and date.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Who designed it and when?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Why?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "use",
        "name": "Use",
        "description": "Where it was used.",
        "rationale": "Use changed over the war.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "belgium",
            "name": "Belgium",
            "description": "KW line.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "belgian-use",
                "name": "Belgian use",
                "description": "Line and number.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Where were they deployed in Belgium?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "How many?",
                    "kind": "measurement"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "atlantic-wall",
            "name": "Atlantic Wall",
            "description": "Beach obstacles.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "reuse",
                "name": "Reuse",
                "description": "Place and period.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Where were they reused?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "How effective were they?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "survivors",
        "name": "Survivors",
        "description": "Remaining examples.",
        "rationale": "Few survive.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "museums",
            "name": "Museums",
            "description": "Collections.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "surviving-example",
                "name": "Surviving example",
                "description": "Museum, accession or heritage record, location, and whether relocated or reconstructed.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Where can examples be seen?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Are they original?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "field-remains",
            "name": "Field remains",
            "description": "In situ remains.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "field-remain",
                "name": "Field remain",
                "description": "Place and condition.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Are there remains in place?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Are they safe to approach?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "history",
        "name": "History",
        "description": "Context.",
        "rationale": "History explains significance.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "production",
            "name": "Production",
            "description": "Numbers made.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "production",
                "name": "Production",
                "description": "Numbers and makers.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How many were produced?",
                    "kind": "measurement"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "By whom?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "assessment",
            "name": "Assessment",
            "description": "Military effectiveness.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "assessment",
                "name": "Assessment",
                "description": "Sources.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How effective were they?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "According to which historians?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  },
  "openQuestions": [],
  "statistics": {
    "bundles": 4,
    "layers": 8,
    "findings": 8,
    "questions": 16
  }
}