{
  "vercy": "1.0-draft",
  "publication": {
    "status": "research-draft",
    "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed",
    "publishableCanonical": false,
    "generatedAt": "2026-10-22T10:54:10Z",
    "providers": [
      "Claude"
    ],
    "breadth": "researched by Claude against the sources listed below",
    "pass": 2,
    "wave": 5,
    "engine": "claude",
    "gate": {
      "passed": true,
      "version": "1.0",
      "at": "2026-10-22T11:03:04+00:00",
      "evidence": [
        "completeness 1.00",
        "sense: Wikidata description",
        "5 live sources",
        "review by codex: pass"
      ]
    }
  },
  "metaModel": {
    "id": "THING-Q64365",
    "registryId": "vr.tr.bonsai",
    "name": "bonsai",
    "version": "0.2.0-wave.5",
    "entryKind": "thing",
    "family": "Thing Registry",
    "domain": [
      "INF.KNW"
    ],
    "status": "research-draft"
  },
  "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q64365/",
  "model": {
    "registry_id": "vr.tr.bonsai",
    "name": "bonsai",
    "purpose": "Let an agent explain bonsai as an art and a plant, its styles, sizes and care, from horticultural sources.",
    "definition": "The Japanese art of growing miniature trees in containers, shaped by pruning, wiring and root restriction to suggest mature trees in nature; also the tree itself; derived from the Chinese practice of penjing.",
    "what_it_is_for": "Ornamental horticulture and art.",
    "affordances": [
      "describe styles and size classes",
      "explain general care (watering, light, repotting)",
      "distinguish indoor and outdoor species",
      "explain the history and related arts"
    ],
    "distinguishing_features": [
      "Bonsai are trees and shrubs kept miniature by cultivation; ordinary species and dwarf cultivars can both be used.",
      "Most temperate species need outdoor seasons, including winter dormancy; tropical species can be kept indoors.",
      "Saikei (landscape planting) and penjing (Chinese) are related arts."
    ],
    "appearance": "A small tree in a shallow container, shaped to look like an old full-size tree.",
    "visual_identification": [
      "Miniature tree in a shallow pot with styled trunk and branches"
    ],
    "physical_properties": [
      {
        "quantity": "height",
        "typical_range": "a few cm to about 1 m or more",
        "unit": "",
        "note": "by size class, such as shohin and mame"
      }
    ],
    "families_and_kinds": [
      "formal upright (chokkan)",
      "informal upright (moyogi)",
      "slanting (shakan)",
      "cascade (kengai)",
      "literati (bunjingi)",
      "forest (yose-ue)",
      "size classes such as shohin and mame",
      "saikei"
    ],
    "related_models": [
      {
        "relation": "is derived from",
        "target": "penjing",
        "why": "Chinese art"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is a kind of",
        "target": "container gardening",
        "why": "horticulture"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is related to",
        "target": "saikei",
        "why": "landscape planting"
      },
      {
        "relation": "uses",
        "target": "tree",
        "why": "plant"
      }
    ],
    "identifiers": [],
    "standards_and_regulation": [
      "Plant health and import rules for live plants (such as EU plant health regulation)",
      "CITES for listed species"
    ],
    "failure_modes_and_hazards": [
      "Plant death from drought or keeping temperate species indoors",
      "Spread of pests with imported trees"
    ],
    "agent_conduct": {
      "may": [
        "explain styles and general care"
      ],
      "must_not": [
        "advise importing plants in breach of plant health rules"
      ],
      "requires_human": []
    },
    "ethics": {
      "considerations": [
        "collection of wild trees (yamadori) with permission"
      ],
      "affected_parties": [
        "growers",
        "ecosystems"
      ]
    },
    "owners": {
      "steward": "the owner of the tree",
      "master_systems": []
    },
    "facets_not_applicable": {},
    "in_scope": [],
    "out_of_scope": [],
    "characteristics": []
  },
  "sources": [
    {
      "id": "SRC-001",
      "title": "Q64365",
      "publisher": "Wikidata",
      "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q64365",
      "what_it_supports": "identity of the registry item, labels and sitelinks",
      "url_status": "live"
    },
    {
      "id": "SRC-002",
      "title": "Bonsai",
      "publisher": "Wikipedia",
      "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bonsai",
      "what_it_supports": "general description of the subject",
      "url_status": "live"
    },
    {
      "id": "SRC-003",
      "title": "National Bonsai & Penjing Museum",
      "publisher": "USDA, U.S. National Arboretum",
      "url": "https://usna.usda.gov/discover/gardens-collections/national-bonsai-penjing-museum/",
      "what_it_supports": "Bonsai and penjing as living horticultural arts, pruning, wiring and continuing care.",
      "url_status": "unverified"
    },
    {
      "id": "SRC-004",
      "title": "The Art of Bonsai",
      "publisher": "Virginia Cooperative Extension, Virginia Tech",
      "url": "https://www.pubs.ext.vt.edu/426/426-601/426-601.html",
      "what_it_supports": "Origins, styles, size range, cultivation and use of dwarf pomegranate 'Nana'.",
      "url_status": "live"
    },
    {
      "id": "SRC-005",
      "title": "Bonsai",
      "publisher": "Royal Horticultural Society",
      "url": "https://www.rhs.org.uk/plants/types/trees/bonsai",
      "what_it_supports": "Outdoor and indoor cultivation, species differences, watering, feeding and plant pests.",
      "url_status": "live"
    },
    {
      "id": "SRC-006",
      "title": "Plant health rules",
      "publisher": "European Commission",
      "url": "https://food.ec.europa.eu/plants/plant-health-and-biosecurity/plant-health-rules_en",
      "what_it_supports": "EU plant health controls on imports and movement of live plants.",
      "url_status": "live"
    },
    {
      "id": "SRC-007",
      "title": "CITES and Timber",
      "publisher": "CITES",
      "url": "https://cites.org/sites/default/files/timber_id_materials/files/CITES%20%20Timber%20-%20A%20guide%20to%20CITES-listed%20tree%20species%202023.pdf",
      "what_it_supports": "Application of CITES listings and annotations to tree species, including bonsai.",
      "url_status": "blocked"
    }
  ],
  "structure": {
    "bundles": [
      {
        "id": "tree",
        "name": "Tree",
        "description": "Species and size.",
        "rationale": "Species sets care.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "species",
            "name": "Species",
            "description": "Plant.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "species",
                "name": "Species",
                "description": "Scientific name.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Which species?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Indoor or outdoor?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "size",
            "name": "Size",
            "description": "Size class.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "size",
                "name": "Size",
                "description": "Height and class.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How tall?",
                    "kind": "measurement"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which size class?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "style",
        "name": "Style",
        "description": "Shape.",
        "rationale": "Styles are named.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "style",
            "name": "Style",
            "description": "Classical style.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "style",
                "name": "Style",
                "description": "Name.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Which style?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "According to which classification?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "container",
            "name": "Container",
            "description": "Pot.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "pot",
                "name": "Pot",
                "description": "Shape and material.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Which pot?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Does it suit the tree?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "care",
        "name": "Care",
        "description": "Maintenance.",
        "rationale": "Care decides survival.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "watering-and-light",
            "name": "Watering and light",
            "description": "Routine.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "routine",
                "name": "Routine",
                "description": "Watering, placement, free-draining substrate and fertilisation routine.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How often is it watered?",
                    "kind": "measurement"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Where is it placed?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "repotting-and-pruning",
            "name": "Repotting and pruning",
            "description": "Techniques.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "technique",
                "name": "Technique",
                "description": "Work and timing.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "When was it last repotted?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "When is pruning or wiring done?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "art-and-history",
        "name": "Art and history",
        "description": "Origins.",
        "rationale": "History has sources.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "origins",
            "name": "Origins",
            "description": "China and Japan.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "origin",
                "name": "Origin",
                "description": "Period and source.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "When did the practice arise?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "From which source?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "exhibitions",
            "name": "Exhibitions",
            "description": "Shows and collections.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "collection",
                "name": "Collection",
                "description": "Institution.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Which public collections exist?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Where?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  },
  "openQuestions": [],
  "statistics": {
    "bundles": 4,
    "layers": 8,
    "findings": 8,
    "questions": 16
  }
}