{
  "vercy": "1.0-draft",
  "publication": {
    "status": "research-draft",
    "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed",
    "publishableCanonical": false,
    "generatedAt": "2026-09-13T03:18:30Z",
    "providers": [
      "Claude"
    ],
    "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify",
    "pass": 2,
    "wave": 3,
    "engine": "claude",
    "enrichment": {
      "pass": 3,
      "engine": "claude",
      "producedAt": "2026-10-06T10:00:00Z",
      "ingestedAt": "2026-10-06T07:08:33+00:00",
      "fields": [
        "agent_conduct",
        "ethics",
        "owners"
      ]
    },
    "gate": {
      "passed": true,
      "version": "1.0",
      "at": "2026-10-08T19:09:55+00:00",
      "evidence": [
        "completeness 1.00",
        "sense: Wikidata description",
        "2 live sources",
        "review by codex: pass"
      ]
    }
  },
  "metaModel": {
    "id": "THING-Q6438054",
    "registryId": "vr.tr.modern-timber-framing",
    "name": "modern timber framing",
    "version": "0.2.0-wave.3",
    "entryKind": "thing",
    "family": "Thing Registry",
    "domain": [
      "PHY.BLT"
    ],
    "status": "research-draft"
  },
  "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q6438054/",
  "model": {
    "registry_id": "vr.tr.modern-timber-framing",
    "name": "modern timber framing",
    "purpose": "Let an agent explain modern timber framing methods, relay balloon, platform and panel systems from building science sources, describe codes and performance, and distinguish modern framing from traditional heavy timber framing and mass timber.",
    "definition": "Building construction using standardised dimensional lumber to form walls, floors and roofs, developed in nineteenth-century North America as balloon framing with continuous studs from foundation to roof, later replaced by platform framing with storey-by-storey walls, and extended to prefabricated timber panel construction and engineered wood systems; modern timber framing is the dominant method for houses in North America, Scandinavia and elsewhere, and is governed by building codes for structure, fire and energy.",
    "what_it_is_for": "Building light-frame structures.",
    "affordances": [
      "explain methods",
      "relay systems and history",
      "describe codes and performance",
      "distinguish from heavy timber and mass timber"
    ],
    "distinguishing_features": [
      "Dimensional lumber",
      "Nailed connections",
      "Platform method dominance",
      "Prefabrication trend"
    ],
    "appearance": "Walls of closely spaced studs with sheathing, joists and rafters or trusses.",
    "visual_identification": [
      "Light-frame lumber construction",
      "Balloon framing, platform framing, timber panel construction, engineered wood systems",
      "Traditional timber framing uses heavy joined timbers; mass timber uses CLT and glulam panels"
    ],
    "physical_properties": [
      {
        "quantity": "typical stud spacing",
        "typical_range": "400 or 600",
        "unit": "mm",
        "note": "16 or 24 inches"
      },
      {
        "quantity": "balloon framing origin",
        "typical_range": "1830s",
        "unit": "period",
        "note": "Chicago region"
      }
    ],
    "families_and_kinds": [
      "balloon framing",
      "platform framing",
      "timber panel and closed panel construction",
      "engineered wood framing with I-joists and LVL",
      "advanced framing for energy efficiency",
      "timber frame housing systems in Scandinavia, Britain and elsewhere"
    ],
    "related_models": [
      {
        "relation": "is a kind of",
        "target": "frame construction",
        "why": "in registry terms"
      },
      {
        "relation": "developed from",
        "target": "balloon framing",
        "why": "to platform framing"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is contrasted with",
        "target": "timber framing",
        "why": "the traditional heavy method"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is contrasted with",
        "target": "mass timber",
        "why": "such as cross-laminated timber"
      }
    ],
    "identifiers": [],
    "standards_and_regulation": [
      "National building codes such as the IRC and Eurocode 5",
      "Lumber grading standards",
      "Fire and energy performance rules",
      "Prefabricated panel certification"
    ],
    "failure_modes_and_hazards": [
      "Fire spread in balloon framing cavities",
      "Moisture and rot",
      "Confusing modern framing with heavy timber framing"
    ],
    "in_scope": [],
    "out_of_scope": [],
    "characteristics": [],
    "agent_conduct": {
      "may": [
        "Explain timber framing methods and their history in general terms.",
        "Check plans or framing work it is authorized to review against the applicable building code."
      ],
      "must_not": [
        "Approve framing as code-compliant without the required inspection.",
        "Remove or cut load-bearing studs, joists or bracing without an engineer's approval.",
        "Ignore fire stopping that keeps fire from spreading inside walls.",
        "Misstate lumber grades or treatment."
      ],
      "requires_human": [
        "Structural changes to a framed building that people live in."
      ]
    },
    "ethics": {
      "considerations": [
        "Framing errors can lead to collapse or fire spread that kills occupants.",
        "Timber sourcing affects forests and the people who depend on them."
      ],
      "affected_parties": [
        "Occupants",
        "Builders and workers"
      ]
    },
    "owners": {
      "steward": "The building owner; the building control authority approves and inspects the work.",
      "master_systems": [
        "Building permit records"
      ]
    }
  },
  "sources": [
    {
      "id": "wikidata",
      "title": "Wikidata item Q6438054: modern timber framing",
      "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6438054",
      "url_status": "live",
      "what_it_supports": "identity and sense of the item",
      "checked_by": "wikidata-api"
    },
    {
      "id": "wikipedia-de",
      "title": "Wikipedia (de): Holzrahmenbau",
      "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holzrahmenbau",
      "url_status": "live",
      "checked_by": "wikidata-api sitelink",
      "what_it_supports": "general description of the item"
    }
  ],
  "structure": {
    "bundles": [
      {
        "id": "understand",
        "name": "Understand",
        "description": "What modern timber framing is.",
        "rationale": "Definition.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "definition",
            "name": "Definition",
            "description": "Definition and methods.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "definition-finding",
                "name": "Definition",
                "description": "Definition.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What is modern timber framing, and how do balloon, platform and panel methods differ?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Is the question about light framing, traditional heavy timber framing or mass timber?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "components",
            "name": "Components",
            "description": "Components.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "components-finding",
                "name": "Components",
                "description": "Components.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What are studs, plates, joists, headers, sheathing and trusses, and how do they work together?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits the specific component?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "build",
        "name": "Build",
        "description": "Design and construction.",
        "rationale": "Practice.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "codes",
            "name": "Codes",
            "description": "Codes and standards.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "codes-finding",
                "name": "Codes",
                "description": "Codes.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "What building codes and grading standards govern framing?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which references are standard?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "practice",
            "name": "Practice",
            "description": "Construction practice.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "practice-finding",
                "name": "Practice",
                "description": "Practice.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How are framed buildings constructed, and what is advanced framing?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits the specific technique?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "perform",
        "name": "Perform",
        "description": "Performance.",
        "rationale": "Science.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "fire",
            "name": "Fire",
            "description": "Fire and moisture.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "fire-finding",
                "name": "Fire",
                "description": "Fire.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How do fire blocking and moisture management address the main risks?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which sources are cited?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "energy",
            "name": "Energy",
            "description": "Energy and sustainability.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "energy-finding",
                "name": "Energy",
                "description": "Energy.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How does timber framing perform for insulation, carbon and sustainability?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits sustainable construction?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "context",
        "name": "Context",
        "description": "History and regions.",
        "rationale": "Context.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "history",
            "name": "History",
            "description": "History.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "history-finding",
                "name": "History",
                "description": "History.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How did balloon framing emerge and give way to platform framing?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits the history of construction?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "regions",
            "name": "Regions",
            "description": "Regional practice.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "regions-finding",
                "name": "Regions",
                "description": "Regions.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How does timber frame housing differ between North America, Scandinavia, Britain and Japan?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which entry fits the specific regional system?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  },
  "openQuestions": [
    "Should balloon framing and platform framing be separate entries?",
    "How should building codes be linked?",
    "How should mass timber be linked?"
  ],
  "statistics": {
    "bundles": 4,
    "layers": 8,
    "findings": 8,
    "questions": 16
  }
}