{
  "vercy": "1.0-draft",
  "publication": {
    "status": "research-draft",
    "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed",
    "publishableCanonical": false,
    "generatedAt": "2026-09-11T20:51:22Z",
    "providers": [
      "Claude"
    ],
    "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify",
    "pass": 2,
    "wave": 2,
    "engine": "claude",
    "enrichment": {
      "pass": 3,
      "engine": "claude",
      "producedAt": "2026-10-05T23:50:00Z",
      "ingestedAt": "2026-10-05T20:45:45+00:00",
      "fields": [
        "agent_conduct",
        "ethics",
        "owners"
      ]
    },
    "gate": {
      "passed": true,
      "version": "1.0",
      "at": "2026-10-06T19:52:01+00:00",
      "evidence": [
        "completeness 1.00",
        "sense: Wikidata description",
        "2 live sources",
        "review by codex: pass"
      ]
    }
  },
  "metaModel": {
    "id": "THING-Q652",
    "registryId": "vr.tr.italian",
    "name": "Italian",
    "version": "0.2.0-wave.2",
    "entryKind": "thing",
    "family": "Thing Registry",
    "domain": [
      "INF.MED"
    ],
    "status": "research-draft"
  },
  "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q652/",
  "model": {
    "registry_id": "vr.tr.italian",
    "name": "Italian",
    "purpose": "Let an agent handle the Italian language: explain its grammar and regional varieties, support learning and translation, and give sourced information on its status, literature and use.",
    "definition": "A Romance language of the Italo-Romance group, official in Italy, San Marino, Switzerland and Vatican City and recognised in Slovenia and Croatia, spoken by about 65 million native speakers and by communities in Malta, the Americas, Australia and elsewhere, with standard Italian based on Tuscan alongside many regional languages and dialects; Italian has a major literary and musical heritage.",
    "what_it_is_for": "Communication in Italy and Italian-speaking communities.",
    "affordances": [
      "explain grammar and pronunciation",
      "distinguish standard Italian from regional languages",
      "support learning and translation",
      "find official language resources"
    ],
    "distinguishing_features": [
      "Italo-Romance language",
      "Tuscan-based standard",
      "Regional diversity",
      "Literary and musical heritage"
    ],
    "appearance": "Not physical; a language in speech and text.",
    "visual_identification": [
      "Latin script with accented vowels",
      "Official in Italy and Switzerland",
      "Regional languages such as Sicilian and Venetian are distinct from Italian dialects of the standard"
    ],
    "physical_properties": [],
    "families_and_kinds": [
      "standard Italian",
      "regional Italian varieties",
      "Italian abroad in the Americas, Australia and Africa",
      "Italian in Switzerland, Slovenia and Croatia",
      "historical stages of Italian"
    ],
    "related_models": [
      {
        "relation": "is a kind of",
        "target": "Italo-Romance",
        "why": "category"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is a kind of",
        "target": "Indo-European",
        "why": "language family"
      },
      {
        "relation": "descends from",
        "target": "Latin",
        "why": "ancestor"
      },
      {
        "relation": "is related to",
        "target": "Portuguese",
        "why": "other Romance language"
      }
    ],
    "identifiers": [
      {
        "scheme": "ISO 639-1",
        "value_or_pattern": "it",
        "note": "language code"
      },
      {
        "scheme": "ISO 639-3",
        "value_or_pattern": "ita",
        "note": "language code"
      }
    ],
    "standards_and_regulation": [
      "Accademia della Crusca guidance",
      "Language laws in Italy, Switzerland and minority regions",
      "CEFR levels and CELI and CILS certifications"
    ],
    "failure_modes_and_hazards": [
      "Treating regional languages as incorrect Italian",
      "Confusing Italian abroad with Italian dialects",
      "Stereotyped language advice"
    ],
    "in_scope": [],
    "out_of_scope": [],
    "characteristics": [],
    "agent_conduct": {
      "may": [
        "Translate to and from Italian and explain its grammar and regional varieties.",
        "Say which variety or register a text uses when it matters."
      ],
      "must_not": [
        "Present a machine translation as certified for legal or medical use.",
        "Treat regional languages of Italy as mere errors of Italian.",
        "Mock accents or dialects of Italian speakers."
      ],
      "requires_human": [
        "Translations of contracts, medical or official documents that people will rely on."
      ]
    },
    "ethics": {
      "considerations": [
        "Translation errors can cost people their rights or health.",
        "Minority and regional languages deserve respect alongside the standard language."
      ],
      "affected_parties": [
        "Italian speakers",
        "People relying on translations",
        "Speakers of regional languages"
      ]
    },
    "owners": {
      "steward": "The public: held in common by its speakers.",
      "master_systems": []
    }
  },
  "sources": [
    {
      "id": "wikidata",
      "title": "Wikidata item Q652: Italian",
      "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q652",
      "url_status": "live",
      "what_it_supports": "identity and sense of the item",
      "checked_by": "wikidata-api"
    },
    {
      "id": "wikipedia-en",
      "title": "Wikipedia: Italian language",
      "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italian_language",
      "url_status": "live",
      "what_it_supports": "general description of the item",
      "checked_by": "wikidata-api sitelink"
    }
  ],
  "structure": {
    "bundles": [
      {
        "id": "language",
        "name": "Language",
        "description": "Structure.",
        "rationale": "Grammar and sound.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "grammar",
            "name": "Grammar",
            "description": "Key features.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "grammar-finding",
                "name": "Grammar",
                "description": "Grammar.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How does this Italian grammar point work, such as verb conjugation, articles or the subjunctive?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "What are common learner errors?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "pronunciation",
            "name": "Pronunciation",
            "description": "Pronunciation.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "pronunciation-finding",
                "name": "Pronunciation",
                "description": "Pronunciation.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How is this word pronounced, including stress and double consonants?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "How does pronunciation vary by region?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "varieties",
        "name": "Varieties",
        "description": "Standard and regional.",
        "rationale": "Diversity.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "regional",
            "name": "Regional",
            "description": "Regional languages and Italian.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "regional-finding",
                "name": "Regional",
                "description": "Regional varieties.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How do regional Italian varieties and the regional languages of Italy differ from standard Italian, according to linguists?",
                    "kind": "definition"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Are regional languages described respectfully as languages in their own right?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "abroad",
            "name": "Abroad",
            "description": "Italian outside Italy.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "abroad-finding",
                "name": "Abroad",
                "description": "Italian abroad.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Where is Italian spoken outside Italy, and what is its status in Switzerland, Slovenia, Croatia and diaspora communities?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "How have emigrant varieties developed?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "learn",
        "name": "Learn",
        "description": "Learning and using.",
        "rationale": "Resources exist.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "resources",
            "name": "Resources",
            "description": "Learning Italian.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "resources-finding",
                "name": "Resources",
                "description": "Learning.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Which resources and courses suit this learner level?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which certifications such as CELI and CILS exist?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "translate",
            "name": "Translate",
            "description": "Translation.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "translate-finding",
                "name": "Translate",
                "description": "Translation.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How should this phrase be translated, considering register and context?",
                    "kind": "action"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Is a certified translation needed?",
                    "kind": "boundary"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "culture",
        "name": "Culture",
        "description": "Heritage and history.",
        "rationale": "A literary language.",
        "layers": [
          {
            "id": "literature",
            "name": "Literature",
            "description": "Literature and music.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "literature-finding",
                "name": "Literature",
                "description": "Literature.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "Which works and authors are central to Italian literature, and how did Italian shape music terminology?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which translations are reliable?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id": "history",
            "name": "History",
            "description": "Development.",
            "findings": [
              {
                "id": "history-finding",
                "name": "History",
                "description": "History.",
                "questions": [
                  {
                    "text": "How did standard Italian develop from Tuscan and spread after unification, according to historians?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "Which institutions guide the language today?",
                    "kind": "provenance"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  },
  "openQuestions": [
    "Should regional languages be separate entries?",
    "How should dictionaries be linked?",
    "How should learning resources be graded?"
  ],
  "statistics": {
    "bundles": 4,
    "layers": 8,
    "findings": 8,
    "questions": 16
  }
}