{ "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-12T10:40:28Z", "providers": [ "Codex" ], "breadth": "recalled by Codex without web access - no source was read", "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "seconds": 24.2, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a09533-3159-7f10-971f-3cc5fdd91b83\n--------\nuser\nDescribe what is already known about one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: Japanese history textbook controversies\nSense to describe: (none recorded)\nDomain code: ACT.ACT\nAlso known as: (none)\n\n\nContext for this batch of 1001 t", "usd": 0.0, "recall": true }, "codex": { "seconds": 73.8, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a09533-3164-7e43-ae2e-0d4b5e27e6f1\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: Japanese history textbook controversies\nRegistry id: vr.tr.japanese-history-textbook-controversies\nPlane / domain: ACT / ACT.ACT\nRegistry definition:" } }, "enrichment": { "pass": 3, "engine": "claude", "producedAt": "2026-10-06T12:00:00Z", "ingestedAt": "2026-10-06T08:43:47+00:00", "fields": [ "agent_conduct", "ethics", "failure_modes_and_hazards", "owners", "visual_identification" ] }, "gate": { "passed": true, "version": "1.0", "at": "2026-10-07T10:10:32+00:00", "evidence": [ "completeness 1.00", "sense: Wikidata description", "2 live sources", "review by codex: pass" ] } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q708992", "registryId": "vr.tr.japanese-history-textbook-controversies", "name": "Japanese history textbook controversies", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "ACT.ACT" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q708992/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.japanese-history-textbook-controversies", "name": "Japanese history textbook controversies", "purpose": "Help an AI agent identify, compare and assess disputes over Japanese school history textbooks by linking contested representations of the past to evidence, institutional decisions and documented consequences.", "definition": "Japanese history textbook controversies are recurring disputes over the writing, government authorization, selection and classroom use of Japanese school history textbooks, especially their treatment of Japanese imperial expansion, colonial rule and wartime atrocities.", "scope_statement": "This model owns controversies concerning how Japanese school history textbooks represent the past and how those representations are authored, screened, adopted, challenged or revised, including connected domestic and international disputes.", "in_scope": [ "Contested historical passages, images, maps, omissions and teaching prompts in identifiable Japanese school textbook editions.", "Disagreements over historical evidence, terminology, responsibility, national identity and educational suitability.", "Textbook authorship, publisher revisions, government screening and adoption decisions directly implicated in a controversy.", "Challenges by historians, teachers, civic groups, affected communities, political actors and foreign governments.", "Documented outcomes of particular disputes, including revisions, decisions, litigation and classroom consequences." ], "out_of_scope": [ "A comprehensive history of Japan or independent models of the historical events discussed in textbooks.", "Japanese education administration and textbook publishing beyond their involvement in a specific controversy.", "Historical memory disputes involving museums, memorials or commemorations without a demonstrated textbook connection.", "General diplomatic relations between Japan and other countries.", "History textbook controversies in other countries, except as explicitly linked participants or comparisons." ], "distinguishing_features": [ "An instance must identify a Japanese school history textbook representation or a decision governing such representations; disagreement about Japanese history alone is insufficient.", "The object of dispute may be an omission, euphemism, allocation of responsibility or teaching frame, rather than a demonstrably false sentence.", "Government screening, local adoption and actual classroom use are separate decision points; evidence about one does not establish the others.", "A claim of distortion must be attributed to its claimant and assessed against historical evidence, rather than inferred from the claimant's nationality or political alignment.", "The model distinguishes the textbook's actual wording from translations, media summaries and public allegations about that wording." ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Textbook and edition identity", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Title, publisher, authors, edition or revision year, school level, course and passage location.", "why_it_matters": "Prevents claims about one edition from being transferred to another textbook or period." }, { "name": "Contested historical subject", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "For example: imperial expansion, colonial rule, wartime atrocities, military sexual slavery, civilian suffering, territorial history or postwar responsibility; multiple values allowed.", "why_it_matters": "Separates disputes with different evidentiary bases and educational stakes." }, { "name": "Representation under challenge", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Factual assertion, terminology, omission, causal explanation, attribution of agency, image, map, quantitative claim or instructional prompt.", "why_it_matters": "Determines what must be inspected and what evidence could resolve the challenge." }, { "name": "Institutional decision stage", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Drafting, screening, revision, authorization, adoption, classroom use or later correction; stage and date recorded separately.", "why_it_matters": "Identifies which actor can take the relevant next action." }, { "name": "Actor and attributed position", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Named actor linked to a dated statement, challenged representation, requested remedy and supporting evidence.", "why_it_matters": "Avoids treating a country, profession or community as holding a single position." }, { "name": "Evidentiary assessment", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Unassessed, supported, qualified, contradicted or unresolved, with sources and assessment rationale.", "why_it_matters": "Separates the existence of disagreement from the strength of competing historical claims." }, { "name": "Documented adoption reach", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Number of adopting authorities, schools or pupils, or percentage with an explicit denominator, school level and year; unknown permitted.", "why_it_matters": "Prevents public visibility from being mistaken for widespread student exposure." }, { "name": "Dispute outcome", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Ongoing, revised, retained, withdrawn, procedurally resolved, partly resolved or outcome unverified.", "why_it_matters": "Records what changed without implying that an administrative outcome settled the historical debate." } ], "affordances": [ "Compare original Japanese passages and successive editions while identifying translation-dependent interpretations.", "Trace a disputed representation from historical evidence through authorship, screening, adoption and public challenge.", "Separate factual disagreement from arguments about emphasis, age suitability, identity and educational purpose.", "Assess whether reported controversy and documented classroom reach concern the same edition and period.", "Identify the institution capable of addressing a requested correction and the evidence needed to support that action." ], "agent_conduct": { "may": [ "Describe the controversies and the positions of the parties from cited sources.", "Explain how textbook authorization works in general terms." ], "must_not": [ "Deny or minimize documented wartime atrocities.", "Present one government's or group's position as neutral fact.", "Use the controversy to spread hostility against Japanese, Korean, Chinese or other peoples." ], "requires_human": [ "Publishing comparative assessments of specific textbooks." ] }, "ethics": { "considerations": [ "How wartime history is taught affects victims, survivors and regional relations.", "Education shapes young people's understanding of the past." ], "affected_parties": [ "Survivors and descendants of victims", "Students", "Teachers" ] }, "owners": { "steward": "Nobody owns the controversy; the education authority answers for textbook authorization.", "master_systems": [] }, "visual_identification": [ "Appears as a topic in news, diplomatic statements and textbook analyses." ], "failure_modes_and_hazards": [ "Distorted history deepens regional tension.", "Students are taught incomplete or misleading history." ], "what_it_is_for": [ "These controversies arise in textbook writing, government authorization, school selection and classroom teaching in Japan.", "They are studied in history education, public memory and international relations to assess how historical evidence and institutional decisions shape accounts of colonialism and war." ], "standards_and_regulation": [ "The School Education Act, enacted by Japan's National Diet, provides the legal framework for the use of authorized school textbooks." ] }, "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata item Q708992: Japanese history textbook controversies", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q708992", "url_status": "live", "what_it_supports": "identity and sense of the item", "checked_by": "wikidata-api" }, { "id": "wikipedia-en", "title": "Wikipedia: Japanese history textbook controversies", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_history_textbook_controversies", "url_status": "live", "what_it_supports": "general description of the item", "checked_by": "wikidata-api sitelink" } ], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "contested-textbook-representation", "name": "Contested textbook representation", "description": "Identifies precisely what a textbook says, shows or leaves out and how the challenged representation changes between versions.", "rationale": "Public allegations cannot be assessed reliably without establishing the actual textbook object.", "layers": [ { "id": "edition-and-passage", "name": "Edition and passage", "description": "Anchors the dispute to an identifiable school textbook and inspectable material.", "findings": [ { "id": "inspectable-disputed-material", "name": "Inspectable disputed material", "description": "Record the edition, page, Japanese wording and surrounding material, distinguishing direct inspection from secondary reporting.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which title, publisher, school level, edition and passage are challenged, and has the original material been inspected?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "inspectable-disputed-material-q01" }, { "text": "Does the allegation concern wording, an image, a map, an instructional prompt or an omission whose surrounding coverage must be examined?", "kind": "definition", "id": "inspectable-disputed-material-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "wording-and-version-comparison", "name": "Wording and version comparison", "description": "Tracks revisions and the interpretive effects of Japanese terminology and translation.", "findings": [ { "id": "meaningful-textual-change", "name": "Meaningful textual change", "description": "Compare versions for changes in agency, coercion, responsibility and historical specificity without assuming every edit changes the underlying claim.", "questions": [ { "text": "What exact changes between submitted, authorized and later editions alter the account of agency, coercion or responsibility?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "meaningful-textual-change-q01" }, { "text": "Which interpretations depend on a translation choice, and what evidence supports that rendering of the Japanese text?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "meaningful-textual-change-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "historical-evidence-and-interpretation", "name": "Historical evidence and interpretation", "description": "Separates assessable historical propositions from disputes over selection, emphasis and educational framing.", "rationale": "A controversy model must represent competing positions without treating every position as equally supported.", "layers": [ { "id": "historical-claim-assessment", "name": "Historical claim assessment", "description": "Connects contested propositions to relevant historical scholarship and primary evidence.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-specific-evidence", "name": "Claim-specific evidence", "description": "Record the evidence bearing on the particular assertion and distinguish established knowledge from unresolved details.", "questions": [ { "text": "What assessable proposition is disputed, and which inspected historical sources support, qualify or contradict it?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "claim-specific-evidence-q01" }, { "text": "Does disagreement concern whether an event occurred, its scale, terminology, causation or the assignment of responsibility?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "claim-specific-evidence-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "selection-and-educational-framing", "name": "Selection and educational framing", "description": "Examines how limited textbook space, curriculum expectations and narrative choices shape historical coverage.", "findings": [ { "id": "grounds-for-omission-or-emphasis", "name": "Grounds for omission or emphasis", "description": "Assess allegations of omission or imbalance against explicit comparators and educational arguments.", "questions": [ { "text": "Against which curriculum requirement, comparable textbook or stated educational purpose is the alleged omission or imbalance judged?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "grounds-for-omission-or-emphasis-q01" }, { "text": "What evidence distinguishes ordinary compression for a school audience from a materially misleading account of the historical subject?", "kind": "definition", "id": "grounds-for-omission-or-emphasis-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "screening-adoption-and-remedy", "name": "Screening, adoption and remedy", "description": "Maps the institutional decisions through which disputed textbook content is accepted, revised, selected or challenged.", "rationale": "Responsibility and available remedies depend on the particular decision and the rules applicable at that time.", "layers": [ { "id": "screening-and-authorial-response", "name": "Screening and authorial response", "description": "Distinguishes submitted content, official screening observations and publisher or author responses.", "findings": [ { "id": "documented-screening-intervention", "name": "Documented screening intervention", "description": "Identify the decision maker, stated grounds and resulting textual response without attributing all edits to government instruction.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which dated screening record or correspondence establishes that an authority requested or required the disputed change?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "documented-screening-intervention-q01" }, { "text": "What options did the publisher or author have under the procedure then in force, and which option was taken?", "kind": "action", "id": "documented-screening-intervention-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "adoption-and-formal-challenge", "name": "Adoption and formal challenge", "description": "Records selection decisions and the specific administrative or judicial remedies sought.", "findings": [ { "id": "decision-specific-remedy", "name": "Decision-specific remedy", "description": "Link each challenge to its target decision, competent institution and documented disposition.", "questions": [ { "text": "Does the challenge target screening, textbook authorization, a local adoption decision or classroom practice?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "decision-specific-remedy-q01" }, { "text": "Which institution could grant the requested remedy, and what did any resulting decision actually resolve?", "kind": "action", "id": "decision-specific-remedy-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "public-memory-and-cross-border-contestation", "name": "Public memory and cross-border contestation", "description": "Represents the actors and arguments through which textbook passages become disputes over memory, responsibility and relations with neighbouring societies.", "rationale": "The same passage may carry different stakes for educators, survivors, political organizations and diplomatic actors.", "layers": [ { "id": "actors-and-memory-claims", "name": "Actors and memory claims", "description": "Records distinct positions without treating domestic or foreign participants as homogeneous blocs.", "findings": [ { "id": "attributed-position-and-demand", "name": "Attributed position and demand", "description": "Connect each actor's interpretation to a documented statement and a specific requested change.", "questions": [ { "text": "Who made the claim, whom did they explicitly represent, and what textbook change or institutional action did they request?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "attributed-position-and-demand-q01" }, { "text": "How does the actor connect the passage to historical responsibility, recognition of victims, national identity or educational autonomy?", "kind": "definition", "id": "attributed-position-and-demand-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "media-and-diplomatic-transmission", "name": "Media and diplomatic transmission", "description": "Traces how textbook claims are reported, translated and incorporated into international responses.", "findings": [ { "id": "verified-chain-of-escalation", "name": "Verified chain of escalation", "description": "Distinguish the original textbook issue from later summaries and independently documented political reactions.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which reports or translations connected the disputed passage to a public campaign or diplomatic response, and did they reproduce it accurately?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "verified-chain-of-escalation-q01" }, { "text": "What evidence connects a particular protest or diplomatic action to this textbook episode rather than to a broader historical dispute?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "verified-chain-of-escalation-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "episode-outcomes-and-educational-reach", "name": "Episode outcomes and educational reach", "description": "Tracks distinct controversy episodes, their observable outcomes and the extent of actual educational exposure.", "rationale": "Recurring public disputes can otherwise be conflated, and publicity can be mistaken for classroom influence.", "layers": [ { "id": "episode-boundaries-and-resolution", "name": "Episode boundaries and resolution", "description": "Separates related episodes by edition, trigger, decision and outcome while preserving documented connections.", "findings": [ { "id": "bounded-controversy-episode", "name": "Bounded controversy episode", "description": "Identify what initiated the episode, what changed and which disagreements remain unresolved.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which edition, triggering event and decision distinguish this episode from earlier or later textbook controversies?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "bounded-controversy-episode-q01" }, { "text": "What evidence shows that the challenged wording, adoption decision or formal proceeding changed, and what remained contested?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "bounded-controversy-episode-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "student-exposure-and-classroom-use", "name": "Student exposure and classroom use", "description": "Distinguishes eligibility for use, documented adoption and evidence of actual teaching.", "findings": [ { "id": "measured-educational-reach", "name": "Measured educational reach", "description": "Record adoption figures with their denominators and assess classroom effects only where direct evidence exists.", "questions": [ { "text": "How many authorities, schools or pupils adopted or received the edition, in which year, and with what denominator and data source?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "measured-educational-reach-q01" }, { "text": "What classroom evidence establishes how the disputed material was taught, supplemented or challenged, and whether student understanding changed?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "measured-educational-reach-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes", "name": "Check these first", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "This is a recall-based description; no sources were consulted.", "Check the textbook edition, original Japanese wording, screening decision and adoption figures before attributing a disputed claim to Japanese education generally.", "Verify the applicable versions and scope of MEXT rules before making claims about a particular historical or current screening decision." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes-q01", "text": "Which of these check these first hold for the sense of Japanese history textbook controversies this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Disputes over descriptions, omissions and terminology in textbook narratives", "Disputes over government textbook screening and required revisions", "Disputes over local textbook adoption", "Legal challenges concerning textbook screening and freedom of expression", "Diplomatic disputes over representations of shared history" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of Japanese history textbook controversies this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation", "name": "Standards and regulation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Japan's Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) administers textbook authorization through its textbook screening standards.", "MEXT's Courses of Study establish national curriculum requirements relevant to school history textbooks.", "The neighboring countries clause in Japan's textbook screening standards calls for consideration of international understanding and cooperation when treating modern historical events involving neighboring Asian countries." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation-q01", "text": "Which of these standards and regulation hold for the sense of Japanese history textbook controversies this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Debating how schools teach Japanese colonialism and wartime responsibility", "Evaluating textbook narratives during authorization and adoption", "Studying historical memory, nationalism and civic education", "Examining relations between state curriculum authority and authors' freedom of expression", "Developing cross-border historical dialogue and supplementary teaching materials" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of Japanese history textbook controversies this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Omitting or minimizing well-documented atrocities and colonial violence", "Treating disputes over interpretation as evidence that established events are themselves uncertain", "Equating government authorization with widespread adoption or actual classroom use", "Generalizing from a controversial textbook to all Japanese textbooks or teaching", "Conflating government positions, scholarly conclusions and public opinion within each country" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of Japanese history textbook controversies this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-regional-variation", "name": "Regional variation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Within Japan, textbook adoption and teaching practices vary across local authorities and schools.", "Disputes involving China prominently concern representations of Japanese invasion and wartime atrocities, including the Nanjing Massacre.", "Disputes involving South Korea prominently concern colonial rule, forced mobilization and the Japanese military's comfort women system." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-regional-variation-q01", "text": "Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of Japanese history textbook controversies this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "name": "Japanese historical revisionism", "difference": "Revisionism concerns reinterpretations of history across many settings; textbook controversies specifically concern school textbooks and their production, authorization, adoption or use." }, { "name": "History education in Japan", "difference": "History education includes the full curriculum and ordinary teaching practice; textbook controversies are the contested subset." }, { "name": "Japanese war responsibility debates", "difference": "War responsibility debates also encompass apologies, compensation, commemoration and accountability outside textbooks." }, { "name": "Ienaga textbook lawsuits", "difference": "These are specific legal proceedings challenging textbook screening, rather than the entire recurring controversy." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of Japanese history textbook controversies this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Which controversy episodes and textbook editions should define the initial coverage, and how far back should the model extend?", "Which original Japanese textbooks, screening records and revision histories are accessible for direct inspection?", "Which disputed propositions require specialist historical review, and where does the available scholarship leave material uncertainty?", "What reliable adoption and classroom-use evidence exists for the editions involved, beyond measures of media attention?", "How should linked episodes be grouped when the same historical topic recurs across different publishers, screening cycles and diplomatic contexts?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 11, "findings": 17, "questions": 27 } }